Coastal karst aquifers are important water resources, often providing the only source of freshwater to coastal communities for agriculture, industrial usage and human consumption. In order to implement management strategies and preventative measures for future perseveration of this resource, it is imperative to understand how coastal groundwater conditions are controlled by the interaction of freshwater/seawater on local and regional scales, but also over recent and past time periods. However, there is a limited resource of published hydrological data on recent aquifer conditions. In the Yucatán Peninsula and other anchialine environments, this lack of information inhibits the understanding of the spatial and temporal interaction of the meteoric and marine water masses. Documenting how the aquifer is responding to forcing mechanisms such as large precipitation events, seasonal cycles and short-term sea level rise (e.g. storm surge) will assist in understanding modern aquifer condition but also the interpretation of paleo-records. Utilization of water level and salinity sensors in strategic positions in the aquifer demonstrate that meteoric water mass salinity varies over wet and dry seasons with the movement of the halocline, but also on a short-term basis though large rainfall events. Salinity in the meteoric water mass is influenced by mixing with the marine water mass during intense precipitation events associated with Hurricane Ingrid (2013), Tropical Storm Hanna (2014) and a series of unnamed events in 2015. During wet periods, induced flow from increase precipitation causes turbulent mixing with the marine water mass, increasing salinity in the upper meteoric lens. On the contrary, during dry periods, mixing is reduced, therefore making the meteoric lens less saline. This contemporary understanding of meteoric/marine water mass dynamics can be applied to developing and calibrating the geochemical record of calcite rafts, calcite precipitation at the air-water interface of cave pools, as a hydrological proxy for aquifer conditions. Our monitoring of calcite raft formation, deposition and geochemistry shows that raft accumulations (e.g., raft piles/cones) can offer a good paleoenvironmental archive of changing hydrological conditions. Based on a 2-year observational record, results indicate that calcite raft precipitation/formation occurs continuously but with only minor biases with intense rainfall events altering supersaturation conditions in the surface waters. Testing the use of calcite rafts in sediment cores from Hoyo Negro show that geochemical analyses (87Sr/86Sr, δ18O, δ13C, Sr/Ca and Cl/Ca) show that meteoric water mass salinity varied during the Holocene (~ 8.5 Ka – present) likely due to changing rainfall and or cave passage geomorphology, which is coherent with other independent climate records. Prior to this study, calcite rafts have never been considered a paleo-hydrological archive for aquifer conditions, however, the consistency and cross-validation with independent records demonstrates great potential for future paleohydrological reconstructions. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

The Occoquan Reservoir is a public water supply in northern Virginia. The Occoquan Watershed has developed over the years from rural land uses to metropolitan suburbs within easy commuting distance from Washington, DC. Due to this urbanization, the Occoquan Reservoir is especially vulnerable to hypereutrophication, which results in problems such as algal blooms (including cyanobacteria), periodic fish kills, and taste and odor problems. In the 1970's, a new management plan for the Occoquan Reservoir called for the construction of the Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority (UOSA), an advanced wastewater treatment plant that would take extraordinary measures for highly reliable and highly efficient removal of particulates, organics, nutrients, and pathogens. Eliminating most of the water quality problems associated with point source discharges in the watershed, this state-of-the-art treatment is the foundation for the successful indirect surface water reuse system in the Occoquan Reservoir today. A limnological analysis of thirty years of water quality monitoring data from the reservoir and its two primary tributaries shows that the majority of the nutrient and sediment load to the reservoir comes from nonpoint sources, which are closely tied to hydrometeorologic conditions. Reservoir water quality trends are very similar to trends in stream water quality, and the tributary in the most urbanized part of the watershed, Bull Run, has been identified as the main contributor of sediment and nutrients to the reservoir. Despite significant achievements in maintaining the reservoir as a source of high quality drinking water, the reservoir remains a phosphorus-limited eutrophic waterbody. / Master of Science

The continuous population growth and the notable development of the mining industry have resulted in challenges for potable water supply in South Africa. The ever-increasing number of people migrating to urban areas has resulted in the demand of potable water supply in South Africa. Water is regarded as a human basic right which is promulgated by the recent amendment of the potable water service provisioning Water Services Act 108 of 1997 and the National Water Act 36 of 1998. The afore-mentioned Acts started a process to address the imbalance that existed during the apartheid regime. (The apartheid regime essentially had one objective initially, namely the control of (black, coloured and Indian) people in order to protect white privilege). It was meant to separate people of different races).The Acts were formulated to address the equal distribution of national resource for all South Africans. Mogwase Township in Moses Kotane Local Municipality is undergoing continuous growth with several mining areas being developed. Consequently, the supply of potable water has been a challenge in the area. It is, therefore, in the interest of the researcher to investigate the management of potable water supply in Mogwase Township with the aim of suggesting improved service delivery by the Moses Kotane Local Municipality. Water is now recognised as a scarce resource that belongs to all South Africans. The provision of potable water by the water services authorities (WSAs) is an important basic service that faces a number of challenges, such as the use of outdated infrastructure, namely: pipelines from the Vaalkop Dam, the lack of skilled and knowledgeable people, improper planning, and the booming population that place overt pressure on the demand for effective and efficient service delivery. This research was undertaken to investigate how Moses Kotane Local Municipality which obtains its potable water supply from Vaalkop Dam can improve the supply of water in a more effective, efficient, equitable, economic and sustainable manner through improved co-operative governance and integrated water resource management (IWRM). The qualitative and quantitative research designs were used to conduct the research, which included a literature review, semi-structured interviews, data sampling and scientific analysis of the responses. The researcher arrived at logical conclusions and S.M.A.R.T. (Simple, Measureable, and Achievable Realistic Timebound) recommendations with regard to all aspects related to the future management of potable water supply in Mogwase Township. / MA (Development and Management), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The continuous population growth and the notable development of the mining industry have resulted in challenges for potable water supply in South Africa. The ever-increasing number of people migrating to urban areas has resulted in the demand of potable water supply in South Africa. Water is regarded as a human basic right which is promulgated by the recent amendment of the potable water service provisioning Water Services Act 108 of 1997 and the National Water Act 36 of 1998. The afore-mentioned Acts started a process to address the imbalance that existed during the apartheid regime. (The apartheid regime essentially had one objective initially, namely the control of (black, coloured and Indian) people in order to protect white privilege). It was meant to separate people of different races).The Acts were formulated to address the equal distribution of national resource for all South Africans. Mogwase Township in Moses Kotane Local Municipality is undergoing continuous growth with several mining areas being developed. Consequently, the supply of potable water has been a challenge in the area. It is, therefore, in the interest of the researcher to investigate the management of potable water supply in Mogwase Township with the aim of suggesting improved service delivery by the Moses Kotane Local Municipality. Water is now recognised as a scarce resource that belongs to all South Africans. The provision of potable water by the water services authorities (WSAs) is an important basic service that faces a number of challenges, such as the use of outdated infrastructure, namely: pipelines from the Vaalkop Dam, the lack of skilled and knowledgeable people, improper planning, and the booming population that place overt pressure on the demand for effective and efficient service delivery. This research was undertaken to investigate how Moses Kotane Local Municipality which obtains its potable water supply from Vaalkop Dam can improve the supply of water in a more effective, efficient, equitable, economic and sustainable manner through improved co-operative governance and integrated water resource management (IWRM). The qualitative and quantitative research designs were used to conduct the research, which included a literature review, semi-structured interviews, data sampling and scientific analysis of the responses. The researcher arrived at logical conclusions and S.M.A.R.T. (Simple, Measureable, and Achievable Realistic Timebound) recommendations with regard to all aspects related to the future management of potable water supply in Mogwase Township. / MA (Development and Management), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

This thesis will address the impact of political and economic forces on the equitable access to fresh water in Ecuador. Demographic factors such as the rural-to-urban migration and the political and economic forces have strongly influenced the debate over the privatization of the provision of potable water and sanitation services. Within the context of Ecuador, two different approaches by the largest cities, Quito and Guayaquil, are analyzed; in Guayaquil, the services were privatized, while in Quito, the public utility was corporatized, remaining under public control. It concludes arguing that in the face of political instability and a lack of regulatory enforcement, neither public nor private provision adequately supplies marginalized communities with water and sanitation services. Watershed management is therefore crucial to maintaining a sound city water-management plan. Its flexibility and openness to innovative alliances between various stakeholders creates great potential for this approach.

Os sistemas prediais de água não potável podem ser do tipo centralizado, quando os efluentes oriundos de diversas edificações são coletados e transportados para um único local de tratamento e redistribuídos para um conjunto de residências; ou descentralizado, quando a coleta, o tratamento e o transporte dos efluentes ocorrem próximos ao local de produção. Porém, tanto o sistema centralizado quanto o descentralizado possui particularidades que os fazem interessantes ou não em aspectos sociais, econômicos e ambientais. Desta forma, o objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi formular modelos matemáticos que permitissem comparar o sistema centralizado com o descentralizado. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica com o intuito de coletar informações sobre as principais variáveis que interferem na tomada de decisão de cada tipo de sistema. A partir dos princípios da Programação Linear Inteira foram formulados três modelos que permitiram encontrar qual tipo de sistema apresenta o menor custo total acumulado, quanto é o valor desse custo ao longo do tempo e quantos sistemas são necessários instalar para atender a uma demanda específica. Com base nos dados da literatura consultada, o sistema centralizado apresentou-se mais vantajoso do que os sistemas descentralizados quanto aos custos de implantação, de manutenção e de operação considerando uma vida útil de 20 anos. Todavia, verificou-se que a escolha do sistema mais viável não deve se concentrar apenas nos custos, mas também devem ser consideradas variáveis qualitativas. Deste modo, as formulações gerais dos modelos permitem a inserção de outras variáveis de decisão e restrições para aprimorar a tomada de decisão quanto ao tipo de sistema predial de água não potável a ser implantado. / Non-potable water systems may be of the centralized type when effluents from several buildings are collected and transported to a single treatment site and redistributed to a set of residences; or decentralized, when the collection, treatment and transportation of the effluent occurs near the place of production. However, both the centralized and decentralized systems have particularities that make them interesting or not in social, economic and environmental aspects. In this way, the main objective of this research was to formulate mathematical models that allowed to compare the centralized system with the decentralized one. For the development of the study a bibliographic review was carried out in order to collect information on the main variables that interfere in the decision making of each type of system. From the principles of Linear Programming, three models were formulated that allowed to find out which type of system has the lowest cumulative total cost, what is the value of this cost over time and how many systems are needed to meet a specific demand. Based on the data of the literature, the centralized system was more advantageous than the decentralized systems in terms of the implantation, maintenance and operation costs considering a useful life of 20 years. However, it has been found that the choice of the most viable system should not only focus on costs but should also be considered as qualitative variables. In this way, the general models formulations allow the insertion of other decision variables and constraints to improve the decision making regarding the type of non-potable water system to be implanted.

A preocupação mundial com o cenário de escassez do recurso natural \"água\" é sintetizada no slogan adotado pela WateReuse Research Foundation em campanha pelo reuso de água: \"Water... it\'s too valuable to be used just once\". Progressivamente tem-se melhorado os processos de gestão da água, com controle de desperdício, procedimentos e utilização de fontes alternativas de abastecimento, não apenas na escala dos sistemas públicos, mas nos sistemas prediais. No Brasil, seguindo esta tendência global, existem iniciativas independentes de sistemas prediais de água não potável sendo instalados em edifícios residenciais e comerciais. Estas iniciativas, no entanto, contam hoje com pequeno respaldo técnico normativo, diretrizes ou legislação que orientem gestores, executores e profissionais sobre as práticas adequadas de implantação, gestão e monitoramento deste tipo de sistema, colocando em risco a segurança dos usuários e o sucesso da tecnologia. Considerando-se que para produzir um edifício de qualidade é fundamental atender às necessidades dos usuários, adequando as soluções ao uso que será feito do produto, a Avaliação Durante Operação (ADO) do edifício apresenta-se como uma ferramenta adequada para a análise da situação atual do sistema. Inserindo-se neste contexto, esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de propor uma ferramenta que auxilie a avaliação de desempenho de sistemas prediais de água não potável durante sua operação em edifícios residenciais, no que se refere à operação e manutenção. Para tanto, foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico sobre sistemas prediais de água não potável, tratamentos de água disponíveis e avaliação de desempenho. Seguindo a metodologia de ADO, foram realizados estudos de casos em edifícios residenciais para levantamento de dados atuais de desempenho. Ao término da análise dos casos selecionados, foi possível validar a ferramenta proposta e constatar que a falta de capacitação técnica, normas técnicas e legislações específicas que orientem projetistas, executores, gestores e usuários e padronizem os sistemas prediais de água não potável contribui para o cenário encontrado nos estudos, caracterizado por sistemas que operam com desempenho inferior ao adequado para atender às necessidades e garantir a segurança de seus usuários. / The global concern with the scenario of increasing natural resource scarcity is synthesized in the slogan adopted by WateReuse Research Foundation for a reuse campaign: \"Water... it\'s too valuable to be used just once.\" Progressively, the water management processes have been improved, by controlling waste, procedures and use of alternative sources of water supply, not only at the city level but also individually. In Brazil, following this global trend, there are independent initiatives of non-potable water systems being installed in residential and commercial buildings. These initiatives, however, have today little technical normative support, guidelines or legislation to orientate managers, performers and professionals on the appropriate practices for deployment, management and monitoring of this type of system, endangering the safety of users and the success of technology. Considering that to produce a quality building it is critical to meet the user\'s needs, suiting the solutions according to the product use, the evaluation during operation (EDO) presents itself as adequate tool for analyzing the current situation and proposing improvements on the system performance. In this context, this study aims to propose a tool that assists the performance evaluation of non-potable water systems during its operation in residential buildings, regarding the design, implementation, operation and maintenance. In order to do that, it was performed bibliographical survey on nonpotable water systems, available water treatments and performance evaluation. Following the EDO methodology, case studies were conducted in a sample of residential buildings for current performance data collection. Upon completion of the analysis of selected cases, the proposed tool was validated and it was found that the lack of technical training, technical standards and specific legislation to guide designers, performers, managers and users, and to standardize the non-potable water systems contributes to the scenario found in the case studies, characterized by systems operating with performance unsuited to meet the needs and ensure the safety of its users.

Water quality and availability are important issues in many developing countries where portions of populations still lack access to potable water. Throughout the English-speaking Caribbean and parts of Latin America, households and businesses invest in water supply systems even when they are connected to and pay for water services from a private or state owned provider. Inconsistent supplies of water from the water companies have led many people to invest in storage tanks which, if operated correctly, can provide water throughout the day even when the supply from the main is low or zero. While these individual systems help to guarantee a more constant supply of water, they may impact water quality when it does reach the household tap. The tanks could become breeding grounds for vectors of human disease and may also affect the concentrations of bacteria, heavy metals and organics in the water. The goal of this research was to understand how households use water storage tanks and determine the effect of these tanks and the individual practices on water quality. Target plots were used to visualize linkages between water quality parameters and household surveys of localized water practices and perception on water quality. The study focused on three field sites: Siparia, Trinidad and Tobago, Region 4 Subset in Guyana, and Villa Litoral, Bolivia. Convenience sampling was used to administer surveys to households in the rural areas of Siparia (39), Region 4 Subset (40), and Villa Litoral (57). The Region 4 Subset is comprised of two rural areas, Mon Repos and Mocha, and Georgetown, the country's capital. Black, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) tanks and water storage drums are predominantly used in the field sites within Siparia and Region 4 Subset, while cement tanks, drums, and jerry cans are used in Villa Litoral. The average age of household water storage devices was 4-10 years in Siparia and Region 4 Subset, and 0- 3 years in Villa Litoral. These devices were found on various elevations to accommodate piped connection, indoor pumping, and rainwater catchment. Cleaning frequency of tanks in Siparia was every few months, while in Region 4 Subset it varied from weekly to every few months. In Villa Litoral 26.3% of the population surveyed cleaned weekly and 38.6% cleaned annually. Disinfection of water sources was practiced by 30% of residents in Siparia and 60% of residents in the Region 4 Subset. While disinfection was practiced, issues with frequency and correct dosage led to inadequate disinfection. Eighty-four percent of households in Siparia and 50% of households in Region 4 Subset disinfected on a monthly or quarterly basis. Of the households that did disinfect, the bleach and/or disinfectant used was allowed to mix for at least 30 minutes in 50% of households in Siparia and 91.6% of households in the Region 4 Subset. Disinfection was not practiced by the majority of households in Villa Litoral. With regards to health, 15% of households in Region 4 Subset and 40.4% in Villa Litoral reported recent waterborne illnesses among house members. Water samples were taken from households in Siparia (24), Region 4 Subset (40), and Villa Litoral (26). The majority of households in all three communities relied on piped water from their respective main pump. Those who were not connected to piped water relied on rain water. In the Region 4 Subset, 18% of samples tested positive for fecal coliform and 45% for total coliform. In Villa Litoral, 85% of samples tested positive for fecal coliform and 100% for total coliform. The majority of samples from all three communities exceeded the WHO guideline values for lead (0.01 mg/L) and iron (0.3 mg/L). This was most likely due to the material used in the household plumbing and distribution pipe infrastructure as these could leach. Five indicators (chemical and biological water quality, reach of risk, storage device, female involvement, and household belief) were conveniently projected on target plots to link the results from water quality assessments with reported household practices and beliefs. The greatest risk factors seen were poor water quality and household beliefs like the security of water storage containers and safety of stored water, perceived water description and pressure, and access to water safety media.

Submitted by Deyse Queiroz (deysequeirozz@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-05T12:47:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA ELSA LUCAS SIQUEIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2016..pdf: 8207026 bytes, checksum: ddfd97723b7b53d510be8d7b0333d91c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-05T12:47:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA ELSA LUCAS SIQUEIRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2016..pdf: 8207026 bytes, checksum: ddfd97723b7b53d510be8d7b0333d91c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido no período de maio a setembro de 2015, no Instituto Federal da Paraíba IFPB - Campus de Sousa, situado no Perímetro Irrigado de São Gonçalo, com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade e a qualidade físico-química e microbiológica da cenoura irrigada com efluente da agroindústria cultivada em vasos, em solo, (areia, barro) como também em solo adicionado à substratos (Esterco bovino e esterco ovino). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com os tratamentos arranjados de cinco tipos de água residuária e dois diferentes substratos (estercos bovino e esterco ovino) com quatro repetições totalizando 40 parcelas experimentais. As características avaliadas foram: A qualidade físico-química e microbiológica do efluente bruto e diluído; características física e química do solo antes e após o experimento; altura das plantas; massa fresca e seca da parte aérea; diâmetro transversal e longitudinal da raiz; avaliação do tubérculo. Mostrou-se que é possível produzir hortaliças com reúso de água, surgindo como uma alternativa economicamente viável, condição que permite economizar água potável, possibilitando produção de alimentos, diminuindo o alto consumo de água potável, por consequência, desperdícios. Os menores acúmulos de MFPA foram encontrados nos tratamentos com as diluições 25%AR e 100%AR nas raízes cultivadas com esterco bovino. Como também, foram encontradas quantidades menores de MSPA dos tratamentos 25%AR e 100%AR estercos bovino e ovino. Portanto, o uso da água residuária e suas diferentes diluições adicionadas aos estercos bovino e ovino foram eficientes na produção da cenoura da cultivar Alvorada desenvolvida neste experimento. / This study was conducted in the period May to September 2015, the Federal Institute of Paraíba IFPB - Campus de Sousa, located in the Irrigated Perimeter of São Gonçalo, in order to evaluate the productivity and physical-chemical and microbiological quality of carrot irrigated with wastewater agribusiness grown in pots, soil (sand, clay) as well as in soil added to substrates (manure cattle and sheep dung). The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC), with treatments arranged five types of wastewater and two different substrates (manure and sheep manure) with four replications totaling 40 experimental plots. The evaluated characteristics were: The physicochemical and microbiological quality of the raw wastewater and diluted; Physical and chemical characteristics of the soil before and after the experiment; Plant height; fresh and shoot dry; transverse and longitudinal diameter of the root; evaluation of the tubercle, as the physical, chemical, microbiological parameters. It has been shown that it is possible to produce vegetables with water reuse, emerging as an economically viable alternative, a condition that allows you to save drinking water, allowing food production, reducing the high consumption of drinking water, therefore waste. Smaller accumulations of MFPA were found in treatments with 100% and 25% dilutions AR AR roots grown with cattle manure. As also found smaller amounts of DMAP treatments 100% AR and 25% AR manures cattle and sheep. Therefore, the use of wastewater and its different dilutions added to manure cattle and sheep were effective in carrot production of cultivar Alvorada developed in this experiment.

Submitted by Marcio Emanuel Paixão Santos (marcio.santos@ucsal.br) on 2018-06-20T23:44:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAOJANOORLANDOFONTESDECARVALHO.pdf: 1539402 bytes, checksum: b96653f9fc0d7cc509e04c4135f0dc6d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Linda Bulhosa (linda.gomes@ucsal.br) on 2018-06-21T19:18:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAOJANOORLANDOFONTESDECARVALHO.pdf: 1539402 bytes, checksum: b96653f9fc0d7cc509e04c4135f0dc6d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-21T19:18:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAOJANOORLANDOFONTESDECARVALHO.pdf: 1539402 bytes, checksum: b96653f9fc0d7cc509e04c4135f0dc6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-31 / A demanda por água na indústria é sempre crescente devido ao crescimento das capacidades produtivas ao longo dos anos. A Dow Química S.A. também segue a mesma tendência industrial no quesito consumo de água. A presente pesquisa objetivou de maneira geral a otimização do uso da água nas instalações da planta de TDI da Dow Química em Camaçari – Bahia. Especificamente se almejou identificar e avaliar (i) como otimizar o uso de água no processo produtivo; (ii) como otimizar o uso de água nas áreas que não fazem parte do processo produtivo; (iii) e avaliar o impacto do uso de água de chuva na referida unidade. Devido a sazonalidade das chuvas, um reservatório de elevada capacidade se torna necessário caso o uso no processo produtivo venha a ser implementado. Com a aplicação da metodologia de levantamento dos pontos aonde se necessita o uso da água e as demandas relativas, mais o levantamento dos prédios e construções onde se torna possível a captação das águas pluviais e promovendo pequenas alterações no arranjo das instalações atuais e pequenos investimentos correlatos, se chegou a conclusão que bons retornos ambientais e financeiros podem ser obtidos. Com possibilidades de redução de consumo de 430.200 m3/ano as propostas apresentadas reduzirão substancialmente o consumo de água na empresa. Respeitando valores teóricos de utilização estimou-se poder chegar a uma redução de 85,19% com aquele valor acima em relação ao total. Esse valor é tão expressivo que representa o consumo de água anual de uma cidade com 6.000 habitantes como Jiquiriçá, município do estado da Bahia, em 1980. Sendo necessário um investimento de R$ 352.991,00 caso não seja implementada a alteração que envolve o retorno do condensado ao fornecedor de vapor e de R$ 1.302.991,00 se a mesma for implementada. Obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados com a expectativa de, para os valores mencionados a se investir, mais o investimento na gestão da organização com foco também na otimização e reuso de todas as águas existentes e justificáveis na unidade de TDI de Camaçari da Dow Química, o retorno anual na redução de custo previsto é de R$ 871.305,00/ano para a possibilidade que não envolve o retorno do condensado para a empresa geradora de vapor e de R$ 2.298.845,00 / ano para a mudança mais abrangente e definitiva. Qualquer das alternativas escolhidas é de retorno imediato e remunerará o capital investido em menos de um ano o que é classificado como investimento altamente atraente pela empresa. Uma outra possibilidade também é a da empresa decidir investir menos inicialmente e promover pequenas alterações. Neste caso o valor a ser investido seria de R$251.419,00 e o retorno previsto seria de R$ 680.709,00/ano. Dos resultados obtidos, conclue-se que todas as propostas contidas neste trabalho apresentam retorno e rápido seja do ponto de vista ambiental com a preservação e melhor uso de um bem natural de maior importância que é a água, seja do ponto de vista econômico e de visão de sustentabilidade da empresa. / This work intends to maximize the rain water precipitation collection and use it in the gardens and sanitaries besides the production process of the TDI unit in Camaçari, Bahia of the Dow Quimica. Due to the seasonality of the rain water, an storage tank becomes necessary if the usage in the production process will happen. Using the methodology to research and identify all the places where water is necessary with its respectively demands, besides all constructions and buildings where will be possible to collect the rain water with small changes and investment in the current layout of the company unit site, the following results were obtained: investment of R$ 352,991.00 for just all the changes which does not involve the condensate return to the steam provider and R$ 1,302,991.00 if all the changes will be included. The Return of the Investment (ROI) for these two options above will be R$ 871,305.00 per year for the first case and R$ 2,298,845.00 per year for the second case. All two options will give an immediate and permanent return of the investment once implemented. This is classified as high attractive investment by the company. Another alternative would be to invest less initially and promote just small changes. In this case the investment would be R$251,419.00 and the ROI would be R$ 680,709.00 per year. This option is also very attractive. The final conclusion is that all the options showed will give a very good and quick environment and capital ROI. A reduction of more than two hundred thousand of water cubic meter per year and in all the years were estimated after the changes will be implemented.