Prospektteorin presenterades av Kahneman och Tversky år 1979. Teorin förklarar hur beslutsfattande sker under risk. Kahneman belönades år 2002 med Alfred Nobels Ekonomipris för sitt arbete inom beslutsfattande, riskbedömning och rationalitet. Hans forskning nådde den breda massan med boken Tänka, snabbt och långsamt. Sedan boken släpptes år 2011 har den getts ut i över 30 länder och utsågs till en av årets bästa böcker av The Wall Street Journal, The Economist och The New York Times. Studiens syfte var att med hjälp av prospektteorin förklara hur investerare fattar beslut om hållbara investeringar under risk inom den svenska gruvindustrin. För att uppnå syftet identifierades investerares uppfattning av konsekvenser i svenska gruvföretag. Studien utfördes genom att låta investerare bedöma konsekvenser utifrån ett flertal scenarier och sedan fatta beslut om en hållbar investering. På så sätt erhålls en djupare förståelse för hur beslut fattas under risk. Den kvalitativa empiriinsamlingen gjordes i två steg. En inledande intervju gjordes för att fånga respondenternas uppfattning om gruvindustrins risker och potentiella konsekvenser. Därefter utformades med grund i prospektteorin och tidigare studier ett flertal scenarier samt ett mätinstrument för att analysera resultatet. Resultatet bekräftar att investerares beslutsfattande inom den svenska gruvindustrin påverkas i enlighet med prospektteorins grundantaganden kring beslutsfattande under risk. Det visade även att den finansiella risken var avgörande i majoriteten av besluten. Att testa konsekvensernas påverkan på besluten utifrån givna scenarion har bidragit med en fördjupad förståelse för investerares uppfattning om risk inom den svenska gruvindustrin utifrån prospektteorin. / Prospect theory was presented by Kahneman and Tversky in 1979. The theory explains how decision-making takes place under risk. In 2002, Kahneman was awarded the Alfred Nobel Finance Prize for his work in decision making, risk assessment and rationality. His research reached the broad mass with the book Thinking, fast and slow. Since the book was released in 2011, it has been published in over 30 countries and was voted one of the best books of the year by The Wall Street Journal, The Economist and The New York Times. The purpose of the study was to explain how investors make decisions about sustainable investments under risk with the help of prospect theory. To achieve this purpose, investors' perceptions of the consequences in Swedish mining companies were identified. The study was conducted by allowing investors to assess the consequences based on several scenarios and then decide on a sustainable investment. In this way, a deeper understanding of how decisions are made under risk is obtained. The qualitative empirical data collection was done in two steps. An initial interview was conducted to capture respondents' perceptions of the mining industry's risks and potential consequences. Subsequently, based on prospect theory and previous studies, several scenarios and a measuring instrument were developed to analyze the results. The result confirms that investors' decision-making in the Swedish mining industry is affected in accordance with the prospect theory's basic assumptions about decision-making under risk. It also showed that the financial risk was decisive in most decisions. Testing the impact of the consequences on decisions based on given scenarios has contributed to a deeper understanding of investors' perceptions of risk in the Swedish mining industry based on prospect theory.

The purpose of this research is to study the advantages of 5G technological innovation in the development of smart cities, i.e., to find out in what way this technology plays the main driving force of other relevant technologies essential to developing smart cities. In addition, this study explores the potential consequences of developing smart cities using 5G technology. Main Research Question How does 5G technological innovation influence the development of smart cities?  Sub-Research Questions 1.1 What are the advantages of smart city development using 5G technology?  1.2 What are the hindrances to smart city development using 5G technology? The methodology of this study includes bibliometric data analysis and a systematic literature review. The journal databases have been searched with appropriate keywords to get published articles on 5G technological innovation, its advantages, and potential consequences on the development of smart cities, technological hindrances, and sustainability threats to the development of smart cities. The relevant literature was then analyzed precisely. In the development of smart cities, the 5G technological innovation is to act as the backbone of smart cities. There are different types of technologies contributing to the development of smart cities. Among them, the Internet of Things, Information and Communication Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Sensors, Geospatial Technology, Blockchain, Robotics, and Industry 4.0 are fundamental technologies. 5G technological innovations are strategic. Therefore, whether this innovation has a strategic impact has been found in this analysis.  Recommendations We must welcome and utilize the advantages of new technological innovation. We still need more practical studies of using 5G in smart cities. Telecom operators, relevant service providers, and vendors can collaborate with public health and environmental researchers to clearly disclose the 5G advantages and potential consequences.  Further research is required to finalize the unknown facts of EMF pollution, and other controversial areas like privacy, safety, and security could be studied to determine whether the 5G wireless technology is secure and adds real value for the users.