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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Assessment of pre-pregnancy dietary intake and physical activity of Alberta women

Thomas, Stephanie Unknown Date
No description available.
2

An Innovative Strategy to Understand and Prevent Premature Delivery: The Pre-Pregnancy Health Status of Women of Childbearing Age

Arbour, Megan Wood 29 September 2008 (has links)
No description available.
3

The Role of Psychosocial and Health Behavioral Factors in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension

Rozario, Sylvia Sreeparna 01 January 2019 (has links)
Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is the leading cause of maternal mortality and a major contributor to preterm birth and neonatal mortality. Literature suggests that several modifiable psychosocial and health behavioral factors may play significant roles in the development of PIH. However, interrelationships among these factors and their collective impact on PIH are not well understood. Objectives: This study aims to: 1) Examine the relationship between pre-pregnancy physical activity and risk of PIH, 2) Determine the association between prepregnancy depression and PIH and the role of race/ethnicity in this association, 3) Evaluate the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) in women before and/or during pregnancy and PIH, and the role of utilization of prenatal care (PNC) as a mediator in this association. Methods: This study utilized the national Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey data (years 2009-2015). The outcome variable PIH was defined as a dichotomized variable (Yes; No) utilizing a birth certificate variable data. Domain-adjusted multiple logistic regression, multiple logistic regression with stratification, and structural equation modeling analyses were used to investigate the study aims. Results: No significant reduced risk of PIH was observed in women who were physically active prior to pregnancy compared to sedentary women. However, women with prepregnancy depression were more likely to have PIH compared to women without prepregnancy depression and this association was significant for non-Hispanic White women when stratified by race/ethnicity. Further, PNC utilization was a significant mediator in the association between IPV before and/or during pregnancy and PIH. However, IPV had no direct or total effect on PIH in this study. Conclusions: Public health professionals and health care providers should be aware of the relationships between prepregnancy depression, race/ethnicity, IPV, and prenatal care utilization, and PIH, and utilize the information in risk profiling, screening, early detection and intervention in women at risk of PIH.
4

Consumo alimentar na gestação e ganho ponderal: um estudo de coorte de gestantes da zona oeste do município de São Paulo / Dietary intake and weight gain during pregnancy: a cohort study of pregnant women in western São Paulo

Santana, Andreia Cardoso de 27 August 2013 (has links)
Introdução: O ambiente obesogênico atual faz com que práticas alimentares não saudáveis, exerçam influência sobre o ganho ponderal na gestação. O ganho de peso excessivo associa-se a várias complicações da gravidez e é um forte preditor de sobrepeso/obesidade das mulheres no pós-parto. Objetivos: 1) - Descrever o consumo alimentar durante a gestação. 2) avaliar sua influência sobre o ganho de peso semanal no segundo e terceiro trimestre. 3) - Avaliar o percentual de ganho ponderal excessivo e insuficiente de acordo com o estado nutricional pré-gestacional, segundo o IOM 2009. Metodologia: Realizou-se estudo de coorte com 195 gestantes adultas, saudáveis, de gestação única e com idade gestacional inicial inferior a 16 semanas. A captação ocorreu em 3 unidades básicas de saúde da região do Butantã, entre abril de 2011 e agosto de 2012. Foram aplicados questionários socioeconômicos, questionário de freqüência alimentar e 2 recordatórios de 24 horas (R24hs) por trimestre de gestação. As medidas antropométricas foram aferidas uma vez em cada trimestre gestacional. O ganho ponderal foi obtido pela diferença entre o peso medido na última e na primeira entrevista (X= 10,7 semanas), expresso como média de ganho semanal. A influência do consumo alimentar sobre o ganho ponderal foi analisada mediante regressão linear simples e múltipla ajustada por potenciais variáveis de confusão. Estimou-se a adequação do ganho semanal de acordo com o estado nutricional pré-gestacional, segundo o IOM 2009. Resultados: No segundo e terceiro trimestres o consumo médio de energia foi de aproximadamente 2200kcal. A gordura saturada apresentou porcentagem igual a 11 por cento , ligeiramente acima do valor recomendado. O consumo médio de gordura trans foi 5.8g em ambos trimestres mais que o dobro do recomendado. A média de consumo de açúcares totais da dieta foi igualmente elevada - cerca de 120g. A maioria das gestantes não atingiu a recomendação diária de frutas, verduras e legumes de 400g/dia. No primeiro trimestre de gestação o consumo médio de energia, gordura saturada, gordura trans, açúcares e refrigerantes foi inferior ao dos demais trimestres. Verificou-se associação positiva entre o ganho de peso semanal os tercis de consumo de energia no segundo e terceiro trimestre de gestação, mesmo após ajuste por IMC pré-gestacional, estatura e escolaridade (p de tendência 0,028 e 0,042, respectivamente). O consumo de gordura saturada mostrou resultado semelhante com p de tendência 0,026 nos dois trimestres. Com relação à gordura trans detectou-se associação positiva com o ganho de peso somente no terceiro trimestre, p de tendência 0,001 (no modelo ajustado). As demais variáveis de consumo alimentar não apresentaram associação significativa com o ganho ponderal. No período pré-gestacional, 34,4 por cento das mulheres apresentaram sobrepeso e 18 por cento obesidade. Foi elevado o percentual de ganho de peso excessivo (63,2 por cento ) e mais freqüente nas gestantes com baixo peso (80 por cento ) seguido por aquelas com sobrepeso inicial (73,8 por cento ). A freqüência de ganho insuficiente foi 12,1 por cento . Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo revelam que práticas alimentares inadequadas e ganho ponderal excessivo condizem com a epidemia atual de obesidade. Apontam para a relevância da promoção de práticas alimentares saudáveis durante o pré-natal e de intervenções com visitas a prevenir e controlar o ganho ponderal excessivo durante a gestação / Background: Nowadays, the obesogenic environment is associated with unbalanced food intake have increase excessive weight gains during pregnancy. This high weight gain is related to complications during pregnancy and is a strong predictor of overweight/obesity in women in the postpartum. Objectives: 1) To describe diet during pregnancy 2) To evaluate its relation to maternal weight gain per week in second and third trimesters. 3) To evaluate gestational weight gain in above, appropriate or below according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) Guidelines. Methods: Cohort study with 195 pregnant women, 20 years, healthy, singleton pregnancies, under than 16 gestational weeks and recruited from three basic units of Butantã. Recruitment began in April 2011 and ended in August 2012. Women were questioned about socioeconomic status, educational level and presence of a partner. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the 24h recall were applied, and anthropometric measurements were obtained. This procedure was repeated in the second and third trimester, with the exception of FFQ. The weight gain was obtained by the difference between the weight measured in the first and in the last interview (mean=10.7 weeks), to give us the weekly gestational weight gain. The influence of food intake on weight gain was analyzed by simple and multiple linear regression, adjusted for confounders. The adequacy of weight gain per week was estimated according to nutritional status before pregnancy, as stated by the IOM, 2009 recommendation. Results: In the second and third trimesters, the mean of energy intake was 2200 Kcal. The daily intake of saturated fat was 11 per cent , little upper the limit of recommendation. The mean of total trans fatty acids intake was 5.8g/day. The mean consumption of sugar was also high (120g/day). Almost two-thirds of pregnant women eat less than the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables (400 g/day). In the first trimester, the mean intake of energy, saturated fat, trans fatty acids, sugar and soft drinks were less than others trimesters. The tertiles of energy intake on second and third trimesters were positively associated with maternal weight gain, after adjust for BMI, pre-gestational weight, stature and education (p trend=0.028 and 0.042, respectively). Saturated fat consumption was also positively associated with pregnancy weight gain (p trend=0.026 in second and third trimesters), and trans fatty acids was strongly associated with pregnancy weight gain in the third trimester (p trend=0.001 in the adjusted model). Among other dietary variables and pregnancy weight gain, no significant associations were observed. In pre-gestational period, 34 per cent were overweight and 18 per cent were obese. The incidence of excessive weight gain was 63,2 per cent , and it was more frequent low weight women (80 per cent ) and after in overweight women (73,8 per cent ). The frequency of insufficient weight gain was 12,1 per cent . Conclusion: The results of the present study show that unhealthy diet and excessive weight gain are corresponded with the actual obesity epidemic. They indicate the importance of promoting healthy food practices during antenatal and supporting nutritional interventions to prevent and control the excessive weight gain during pregnancy
5

Estado nutricional pré-gestacional e seus efeitos sobre o índice de massa corporal ao nascer: Coorte de Pré-Natal BRISA, São Luís - MA / Maternal nutritional status and its effect on the size of the newborn: Cohort Prenatal BRISA, São Luís - MA

Aráujo, Allanne Pereira 17 December 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T12:59:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-AllannePereiraAraujo.pdf: 10380773 bytes, checksum: d164f581706013a6ea4ad9cfa61ad26f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-17 / Objective. This study aims to examine the association maternal nutritional status on the size of the newborn. Methodology. Cohort study of 1365 pregnant women and their newborns, who attended the St. Louis BREEZE research - MA. Data were collected in 2010 and 2011 and were applied two questionnaires: one during the prenatal and the other was applied after delivery. The main explanatory variable was the body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy. This was classified as underweight/normal weight, overweight and obesity. From the theoretical assumptions, a theoretical model was proposed by directed acyclic graphs (DAGs English): 1) Total effects (ET) adjusted to economic class, education, marital status, maternal age and occupation, 2) direct effect (ED) adjusted to economic class, education, marital status, maternal age, occupation, alcohol and maternal smoking, high blood pressure during pregnancy and conducting prenatal care. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with BMI as the outcome of the newborn (NB). Results. The infants had birth average BMI of 13.4 ± 1.7 kg / m2.As for the pre-pregnancy BMI and BMI RN, association was observed in the model proposed by DAG to full effect. However, for the direct effects model, the type of delivery and the realization of prenatal were protective factors to the increase of the BMI RN: ED (p = <0,001; Coef .: 0,51; CI: 0,31 ; 0,70), ED (p: 0,027; Coef: -. 1,88; CI: -3,55, -0,21). However, schooling between 8-11 years of study in all models (ET and ED) were protective factor for increasing RN BMI. As for the pre-pregnancy BMI and BMI RN, is observed even as overweight (p: 0,008; Coef .: 0,08: CI: -0,06; 1,84) and obesity (p : 0,009; Coef .: 0,89; CI: -0,09, 1,86) pre-pregnancy increase the RN BMI also increases. Conclusion. Overweight and pre-gestational obesity appears to be associated with BMI RN such associations underscore the need for early prenatal care and continuing to pregnant women, which may contribute to reducing maternal and child mortality rates and other adverse developments that context. / Objetivo. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a associação entre estado nutricional pré-gestacional e o índice de massa corporal do recém-nascido. Metodologia. Estudo de coorte que envolveu 1365 gestantes e seus recém-nascidos, que participaram da pesquisa BRISA de São Luís - MA. Os dados foram coletados no ano de 2010 e 2011 e aplicaram-se dois questionários: um por ocasião do pré-natal e o outro após o parto. A variável explanatória principal foi o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) pré-gestacional. Este foi classificado em magreza/eutrofia, sobrepeso e obesidade. A partir dos pressupostos teóricos, um modelo teórico foi proposto pelos gráficos acíclicos direcionados (do inglês DAGs): 1) efeito total (ET) ajustado para classe econômica, escolaridade, situação conjugal, idade materna e ocupação, 2) efeito direto (ED) ajustado para classe econômica, escolaridade, situação conjugal, idade materna, ocupação, etilismo e tabagismo materno, hipertensão e diabetes mellitus na gestação e número de consultas realizadas durante o pré-natal. Os dados foram analisados por regressão linear múltipla tendo como desfecho o IMC do recém-nascido (RN). Resultados. Os RN tiveram IMC ao nascer médio de 13,4 ± 1,7 kg/m2. Quanto ao IMC pré-gestacional e sua relação com o IMC do RN, foi observada associação no modelo proposto pelo DAG para efeito total. Porém, para o modelo de efeito direto, o parto vaginal e a realização de pré-natal foram fatores de proteção ao aumento do IMC do RN: ED (p: <0,001; Coef.: 0,51; IC: 0,31;0,70), ED (p: 0,027; Coef.:-1,88; IC: -3,55;-0,21). A escolaridade entre 8 a 11 anos de estudo, em todos os modelos (ET e ED), foi fator de proteção para o aumento do IMC do RN. Quanto ao IMC pré-gestacional e o IMC do RN, observa-se ainda que à medida que o sobrepeso (p: 0,008; Coef.: 0,08: IC: 0,06;1,84) e a obesidade (p: 0,009; Coef.: 0,09; IC: 0,09;1,86) pré-gestacionais aumentam, o IMC do RN também aumenta. Conclusão. O sobrepeso e a obesidade pré-gestacionais parecem estar associados a valores elevados de IMC do RN, tais associações ressaltam a necessidade de assistência pré-natal precoce e contínua às gestantes, o que poderá contribuir para redução dos índices de morbimortalidade materno-infantil e demais evoluções desfavoráveis nesse contexto.
6

Consumo alimentar na gestação e ganho ponderal: um estudo de coorte de gestantes da zona oeste do município de São Paulo / Dietary intake and weight gain during pregnancy: a cohort study of pregnant women in western São Paulo

Andreia Cardoso de Santana 27 August 2013 (has links)
Introdução: O ambiente obesogênico atual faz com que práticas alimentares não saudáveis, exerçam influência sobre o ganho ponderal na gestação. O ganho de peso excessivo associa-se a várias complicações da gravidez e é um forte preditor de sobrepeso/obesidade das mulheres no pós-parto. Objetivos: 1) - Descrever o consumo alimentar durante a gestação. 2) avaliar sua influência sobre o ganho de peso semanal no segundo e terceiro trimestre. 3) - Avaliar o percentual de ganho ponderal excessivo e insuficiente de acordo com o estado nutricional pré-gestacional, segundo o IOM 2009. Metodologia: Realizou-se estudo de coorte com 195 gestantes adultas, saudáveis, de gestação única e com idade gestacional inicial inferior a 16 semanas. A captação ocorreu em 3 unidades básicas de saúde da região do Butantã, entre abril de 2011 e agosto de 2012. Foram aplicados questionários socioeconômicos, questionário de freqüência alimentar e 2 recordatórios de 24 horas (R24hs) por trimestre de gestação. As medidas antropométricas foram aferidas uma vez em cada trimestre gestacional. O ganho ponderal foi obtido pela diferença entre o peso medido na última e na primeira entrevista (X= 10,7 semanas), expresso como média de ganho semanal. A influência do consumo alimentar sobre o ganho ponderal foi analisada mediante regressão linear simples e múltipla ajustada por potenciais variáveis de confusão. Estimou-se a adequação do ganho semanal de acordo com o estado nutricional pré-gestacional, segundo o IOM 2009. Resultados: No segundo e terceiro trimestres o consumo médio de energia foi de aproximadamente 2200kcal. A gordura saturada apresentou porcentagem igual a 11 por cento , ligeiramente acima do valor recomendado. O consumo médio de gordura trans foi 5.8g em ambos trimestres mais que o dobro do recomendado. A média de consumo de açúcares totais da dieta foi igualmente elevada - cerca de 120g. A maioria das gestantes não atingiu a recomendação diária de frutas, verduras e legumes de 400g/dia. No primeiro trimestre de gestação o consumo médio de energia, gordura saturada, gordura trans, açúcares e refrigerantes foi inferior ao dos demais trimestres. Verificou-se associação positiva entre o ganho de peso semanal os tercis de consumo de energia no segundo e terceiro trimestre de gestação, mesmo após ajuste por IMC pré-gestacional, estatura e escolaridade (p de tendência 0,028 e 0,042, respectivamente). O consumo de gordura saturada mostrou resultado semelhante com p de tendência 0,026 nos dois trimestres. Com relação à gordura trans detectou-se associação positiva com o ganho de peso somente no terceiro trimestre, p de tendência 0,001 (no modelo ajustado). As demais variáveis de consumo alimentar não apresentaram associação significativa com o ganho ponderal. No período pré-gestacional, 34,4 por cento das mulheres apresentaram sobrepeso e 18 por cento obesidade. Foi elevado o percentual de ganho de peso excessivo (63,2 por cento ) e mais freqüente nas gestantes com baixo peso (80 por cento ) seguido por aquelas com sobrepeso inicial (73,8 por cento ). A freqüência de ganho insuficiente foi 12,1 por cento . Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo revelam que práticas alimentares inadequadas e ganho ponderal excessivo condizem com a epidemia atual de obesidade. Apontam para a relevância da promoção de práticas alimentares saudáveis durante o pré-natal e de intervenções com visitas a prevenir e controlar o ganho ponderal excessivo durante a gestação / Background: Nowadays, the obesogenic environment is associated with unbalanced food intake have increase excessive weight gains during pregnancy. This high weight gain is related to complications during pregnancy and is a strong predictor of overweight/obesity in women in the postpartum. Objectives: 1) To describe diet during pregnancy 2) To evaluate its relation to maternal weight gain per week in second and third trimesters. 3) To evaluate gestational weight gain in above, appropriate or below according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) Guidelines. Methods: Cohort study with 195 pregnant women, 20 years, healthy, singleton pregnancies, under than 16 gestational weeks and recruited from three basic units of Butantã. Recruitment began in April 2011 and ended in August 2012. Women were questioned about socioeconomic status, educational level and presence of a partner. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the 24h recall were applied, and anthropometric measurements were obtained. This procedure was repeated in the second and third trimester, with the exception of FFQ. The weight gain was obtained by the difference between the weight measured in the first and in the last interview (mean=10.7 weeks), to give us the weekly gestational weight gain. The influence of food intake on weight gain was analyzed by simple and multiple linear regression, adjusted for confounders. The adequacy of weight gain per week was estimated according to nutritional status before pregnancy, as stated by the IOM, 2009 recommendation. Results: In the second and third trimesters, the mean of energy intake was 2200 Kcal. The daily intake of saturated fat was 11 per cent , little upper the limit of recommendation. The mean of total trans fatty acids intake was 5.8g/day. The mean consumption of sugar was also high (120g/day). Almost two-thirds of pregnant women eat less than the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables (400 g/day). In the first trimester, the mean intake of energy, saturated fat, trans fatty acids, sugar and soft drinks were less than others trimesters. The tertiles of energy intake on second and third trimesters were positively associated with maternal weight gain, after adjust for BMI, pre-gestational weight, stature and education (p trend=0.028 and 0.042, respectively). Saturated fat consumption was also positively associated with pregnancy weight gain (p trend=0.026 in second and third trimesters), and trans fatty acids was strongly associated with pregnancy weight gain in the third trimester (p trend=0.001 in the adjusted model). Among other dietary variables and pregnancy weight gain, no significant associations were observed. In pre-gestational period, 34 per cent were overweight and 18 per cent were obese. The incidence of excessive weight gain was 63,2 per cent , and it was more frequent low weight women (80 per cent ) and after in overweight women (73,8 per cent ). The frequency of insufficient weight gain was 12,1 per cent . Conclusion: The results of the present study show that unhealthy diet and excessive weight gain are corresponded with the actual obesity epidemic. They indicate the importance of promoting healthy food practices during antenatal and supporting nutritional interventions to prevent and control the excessive weight gain during pregnancy
7

Saúde Mental Materna e Retenção de Peso no Pós-parto / Maternal Mental health and post-partum weight retention

Izabel Cristina Oliveira da Silva Joia 13 March 2015 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a associação entre a depressão pós-parto e a retenção de peso no pós-parto. Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal, com 563 mulheres no baseline acolhidas em unidades de saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro entre 2005 e 2009, acompanhadas até o 6 mês pós-parto, com dados sobre peso e estatura aos 15 dias pós-parto e peso pré-gestacional. O peso retido após o parto foi calculado a partir da diferença entre o peso aferido nas ondas de seguimento (15 dias, 1, 2, 4 e 6 mês) e o peso pré-gestacional. O estado nutricional pré-gestacional foi classificado de acordo com a OMS. A presença de depressão pós-parto foi avaliada a partir da versão em português da Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edimburgo (EPDS) aos 15 dias e no 2 mês após o parto, utilizando-se 11/12 da EPDS como ponto de corte. Considerou-se depressão recorrente quando houve presença de depressão nos dois momentos. Inicialmente analisaram-se características da população. Para as análises estatísticas do efeito do estado nutricional pré-gestacional e do efeito da depressão pós-parto sobre a retenção de peso pós-parto empregou-se o proc mixed do pacote estatístico SAS. Dentre os principais achados, destaca-se que 22,7% (IC 95% 19,3-26,4) das mulheres iniciaram a gravidez com sobrepeso e 10,9% (IC 95% 7,0-15,7) apresentaram depressão recorrente. A retenção média de peso foi de 5,6 kg (IC 95% 5,1-6,1) aos 15 dias pós-parto. Na análise das trajetórias no tempo do peso pós-parto por estado nutricional pré-gestacional ajustadas por idade, escolaridade, número de filhos, aleitamento materno e ganho de peso gestacional, observou-se diminuição da retenção de peso pós-parto para os grupos de baixo peso e sobrepeso pré-gestacional e aumento da retenção de peso pós-parto para o grupo de obesidade pré-gestacional. Na análise das trajetórias no tempo do peso pós-parto por depressão pós-parto verifica-se que o efeito entre o tempo e a retenção de peso pós-parto se modifica para mulheres com depressão pós-parto recorrente nas análises bruta e ajustadas por idade, escolaridade, estado nutricional pré-gestacional, número de filhos, ganho de peso gestacional, aleitamento materno e rede social, nas quais observa-se que as mulheres com depressão pós-parto recorrente perdem menos peso. Os resultados permitem identificar que há no pós-parto perda e ganho de peso, apesar de ser esperada perda de peso almejando o retorno ao peso pré-gestacional. Ressalta-se o impacto da depressão pós-parto observado nesta dinâmica de peso, uma vez que mulheres com depressão pós-parto recorrente apresentaram menor perda de peso. Destaca-se a relevância dos resultados deste estudo para o desenvolvimento da promoção da saúde e da segurança alimentar e nutricional, visando um monitoramento do estado nutricional pós-parto e avaliação da saúde mental materna de forma a contribuir para a prevenção da obesidade feminina e comorbidades / The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between postpartum depression and weight retention in the same period. This is part of a cohort study conducted with 563 women in the baseline that were treated in public services from the city of Rio de Janeiro, between 2005 and 2009, followed up to the 6th month after delivery, and data regarding weight and height at 15 days after delivery (baseline) and this pre-pregnancy weight were collected. The retained weight after delivery was calculated as the difference between the weight measured at 15 days, 1, 2, 4 and 6 months after delivery and the pre-pregnancy weight. The womens nutritional status was classified according to WHO. The presence of postpartum depression was evaluated using the portuguese version of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) at 15 days and 2 months after delivery, and using as cutoff 11/12 points in the Scale. Recurrent depression was considered when there was presence of depression at both times. Firstly, general, characteristics of the population were analyzed. To the statistical analysis of the effect of pre-pregnancy nutritional status and the effect of postpartum depression on postpartum weight retention the package proc mixed from SAS was applied. The results show that 22.7% (95% CI 19.3-26.4) of the women started pregnancy overweight, 10.9% (95% CI 7.0-15.7) presented recurrent depression. The average weight retention was 5.6 kg (95% CI 5.1-6.1) at 15 days postpartum. When the time trajectories of weight after delivery according to pre-pregnancy nutritional status were analyzed adjusted for age, schooling years, number of children, breastfeeding and gestational weight gain, it was observed a reduction of weight retention after delivery to those women who were classified as underweight and overweight before pregnancy and an increased in the same trajectory for the who were obese. When the time trajectories of weight after delivery according to postpartum depression were analyzed it was showed that the effect between time and weight retention changes for women with recurrent postpartum depression in the crude and adjusted analyzes by age, schooling years, pre-pregnancy nutritional status, number of children, gestational weight gain, breastfeeding and social network, in this analysis women with recurrent postpartum depression lose less weight. The results show that during the postpartum period the impact of postpartum depression in this dynamic weight is important, since women with recurrent postpartum depression showed less weight loss. The results of this study present the importance of it to the development of health promotion and food and nutrition security, assessment of maternal mental health in order to contribute to the prevention of female obesity and comorbities
8

Saúde Mental Materna e Retenção de Peso no Pós-parto / Maternal Mental health and post-partum weight retention

Izabel Cristina Oliveira da Silva Joia 13 March 2015 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a associação entre a depressão pós-parto e a retenção de peso no pós-parto. Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal, com 563 mulheres no baseline acolhidas em unidades de saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro entre 2005 e 2009, acompanhadas até o 6 mês pós-parto, com dados sobre peso e estatura aos 15 dias pós-parto e peso pré-gestacional. O peso retido após o parto foi calculado a partir da diferença entre o peso aferido nas ondas de seguimento (15 dias, 1, 2, 4 e 6 mês) e o peso pré-gestacional. O estado nutricional pré-gestacional foi classificado de acordo com a OMS. A presença de depressão pós-parto foi avaliada a partir da versão em português da Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edimburgo (EPDS) aos 15 dias e no 2 mês após o parto, utilizando-se 11/12 da EPDS como ponto de corte. Considerou-se depressão recorrente quando houve presença de depressão nos dois momentos. Inicialmente analisaram-se características da população. Para as análises estatísticas do efeito do estado nutricional pré-gestacional e do efeito da depressão pós-parto sobre a retenção de peso pós-parto empregou-se o proc mixed do pacote estatístico SAS. Dentre os principais achados, destaca-se que 22,7% (IC 95% 19,3-26,4) das mulheres iniciaram a gravidez com sobrepeso e 10,9% (IC 95% 7,0-15,7) apresentaram depressão recorrente. A retenção média de peso foi de 5,6 kg (IC 95% 5,1-6,1) aos 15 dias pós-parto. Na análise das trajetórias no tempo do peso pós-parto por estado nutricional pré-gestacional ajustadas por idade, escolaridade, número de filhos, aleitamento materno e ganho de peso gestacional, observou-se diminuição da retenção de peso pós-parto para os grupos de baixo peso e sobrepeso pré-gestacional e aumento da retenção de peso pós-parto para o grupo de obesidade pré-gestacional. Na análise das trajetórias no tempo do peso pós-parto por depressão pós-parto verifica-se que o efeito entre o tempo e a retenção de peso pós-parto se modifica para mulheres com depressão pós-parto recorrente nas análises bruta e ajustadas por idade, escolaridade, estado nutricional pré-gestacional, número de filhos, ganho de peso gestacional, aleitamento materno e rede social, nas quais observa-se que as mulheres com depressão pós-parto recorrente perdem menos peso. Os resultados permitem identificar que há no pós-parto perda e ganho de peso, apesar de ser esperada perda de peso almejando o retorno ao peso pré-gestacional. Ressalta-se o impacto da depressão pós-parto observado nesta dinâmica de peso, uma vez que mulheres com depressão pós-parto recorrente apresentaram menor perda de peso. Destaca-se a relevância dos resultados deste estudo para o desenvolvimento da promoção da saúde e da segurança alimentar e nutricional, visando um monitoramento do estado nutricional pós-parto e avaliação da saúde mental materna de forma a contribuir para a prevenção da obesidade feminina e comorbidades / The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between postpartum depression and weight retention in the same period. This is part of a cohort study conducted with 563 women in the baseline that were treated in public services from the city of Rio de Janeiro, between 2005 and 2009, followed up to the 6th month after delivery, and data regarding weight and height at 15 days after delivery (baseline) and this pre-pregnancy weight were collected. The retained weight after delivery was calculated as the difference between the weight measured at 15 days, 1, 2, 4 and 6 months after delivery and the pre-pregnancy weight. The womens nutritional status was classified according to WHO. The presence of postpartum depression was evaluated using the portuguese version of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) at 15 days and 2 months after delivery, and using as cutoff 11/12 points in the Scale. Recurrent depression was considered when there was presence of depression at both times. Firstly, general, characteristics of the population were analyzed. To the statistical analysis of the effect of pre-pregnancy nutritional status and the effect of postpartum depression on postpartum weight retention the package proc mixed from SAS was applied. The results show that 22.7% (95% CI 19.3-26.4) of the women started pregnancy overweight, 10.9% (95% CI 7.0-15.7) presented recurrent depression. The average weight retention was 5.6 kg (95% CI 5.1-6.1) at 15 days postpartum. When the time trajectories of weight after delivery according to pre-pregnancy nutritional status were analyzed adjusted for age, schooling years, number of children, breastfeeding and gestational weight gain, it was observed a reduction of weight retention after delivery to those women who were classified as underweight and overweight before pregnancy and an increased in the same trajectory for the who were obese. When the time trajectories of weight after delivery according to postpartum depression were analyzed it was showed that the effect between time and weight retention changes for women with recurrent postpartum depression in the crude and adjusted analyzes by age, schooling years, pre-pregnancy nutritional status, number of children, gestational weight gain, breastfeeding and social network, in this analysis women with recurrent postpartum depression lose less weight. The results show that during the postpartum period the impact of postpartum depression in this dynamic weight is important, since women with recurrent postpartum depression showed less weight loss. The results of this study present the importance of it to the development of health promotion and food and nutrition security, assessment of maternal mental health in order to contribute to the prevention of female obesity and comorbities
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MATERNAL PRE-PREGNANCY BODY MASS INDEX, MACROSOMIA, AND MENTAL HEALTH IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

Van, Lieshout J Ryan 10 1900 (has links)
<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine associations between macrosomia, maternal body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy, and psychopathology in youth, and to determine if these are due to prenatal environmental exposures or confounding variables.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study 1 reviewed studies examining associations between macrosomia and mental health. Data from the Ontario Child Health Study (OCHS) were then used to explore these links in youth (Study 2). A second review summarized studies assessing associations between maternal pregnancy BMI and psychopathology in offspring (Study 3). Data from the Western Australia Pregnancy Cohort were then used to quantify associations between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and child behaviour at age 1 and 2 (Study 4), and from 5-17 years of age (Study 5).</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven of the 15 studies that had examined associations between macrosomia and psychopathology supported a link. In the OCHS, youth born macrosomic had elevated externalizing scores compared those born at appropriate birth weights. Eight of 12 studies suggested that links exist between elevated maternal BMI during pregnancy and psychopathology in offspring. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was positively associated with offspring externalizing problems from age 2 to 17 and linked to less favourable trajectories of internalizing symptoms from 5-17. These findings persisted despite adjustment for confounders.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Youth born macrosomic have elevated levels of externalizing symptoms, though a more robust association was noted with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. The data comprising this thesis suggest that associations between macrosomia/maternal BMI and externalizing and internalizing problems in youth may be due to intrauterine exposures rather than confounding variables.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Addressing the high adverse pregnancy outcomes through the incorporation of preconception care (PCC) in the health system of Ethiopia

Andargachew Kassa Biratu 11 1900 (has links)
Background: Preconception care (PCC) is highly recommended evidence-based intervention to optimize women’s health in particular and in so doing reduce the incidences of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO). PCC targets modification of risk factors to APO occurring before and just at early weeks of conception. Nevertheless, in Ethiopia, the need to implement PCC as part of the continuums of the comprehensive Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health Care services is not yet studied. Purpose/Aim of the study: This study aimed to develop a guideline to assist the incorporation of PCC in Ethiopian health system thereby reduce the highly incident APOs in the country, which is the purpose of the study. Methodology: This study applied the explanatory sequential mixed method to determine the determinants to the non-implementation PCC in Ethiopia. In addition, a policy document analysis was conducted to identify the existence of policy guiding the implementation of PCC in Ethiopia. Finally, the study applied a Delphi technique to increase the utility and acceptance of the guideline developed. The study was guided by a theory based framework called a Framework for Determinants of Innovation Processes (FDOIP). RESULT: Nearly all (84.7%) of the healthcare providers (HCPs) never ever practiced PCC. Even among those who ever practiced, the majority (74%), practiced it poorly. More than two third (68.6%) had poor PCC knowledge. HCP’s with good PCC knowledge had likely hood of practicing PCC by four times greater than those with poor PCC knowledge (AOR=4.4, 95% CI: 2.5-7.6). The policy document analysis identified the absence of policy guiding the practice of PCC in Ethiopia. The HCP’s curriculums also didn’t include PCC. The determinants to non-implementation of PCC, as perceived by the qualitative study participants include absence of national PCC policy , absence of PCC guideline, lack of institutional PCC plan, presence of other competing demand, lack of laboratory facilities and setup, lack of accountable body, absence of Individual or organization introduced PCC to the country, absence of trained manpower on PCC, absence of known expert in PCC, Poor public awareness about preconception health and PCC, Unplanned Pregnancy and poor health seeking behaviour. CONCLUSION The study revealed the absence of a standard and complete PCC practices by the HCPs. Nearly all HCPs never ever implement PCC. Even those very few practitioners were found practicing PCC poorly that is in a substandard, incidental, and in an inconsistent way. There is no formal policy document guiding the implementation of in Ethiopia. The HCPs training curriculum didn’t include PCC. The guideline developed base on the study findings of the study recommended to incorporating PCC in Ethiopia health system. / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

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