Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-06-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:29:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 nakamura_pm_me_rcla.pdf: 977354 bytes, checksum: 873bca04b790978eafb71273c0bd0d92 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / É bem conhecida a influência da música no desempenho do exercício no domínio moderado e nos estados de ânimo. Poucos estudos investigaram essa relação em exercícios no domínio intenso e severo. Além disso, a audição de música é bastante disseminada entre praticantes de atividade física, os quais devem selecionar músicas de acordo com suas preferências pessoais. Entretanto, a relação entre a preferência musical e o desempenho e o estado de ânimo não está esclarecido. Desse modo, dois estudos foram propostos. O objetivo do estudo 1 foi de verificar a influência da audição da música preferida e não preferida no desempenho, nas respostas fisiológicas, na percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE) e nos estados de ânimo em exercícios no domínio severo no cicloergômetro. O objetivo do estudo 2 foi de verificar a influência da audição da música preferida e não preferidas nas mesmas variáveis do estudo 1 em exercícios no domínio intenso no cicolergômetro. No primeiro estudo foram determinados os parâmetros da Potência Crítica (PCrit) em diferentes protocolos, Música Preferida (MP), Não Preferida (NP) e Sem Música (SM). Foram submetidos para o estudo quatro mulheres e seis homens. Após ouvirem ou não a música os sujeitos realizaram o aquecimento e o teste. Foram avaliados a Freqüência Cardíaca (FC), concentração de lactato sanguíneo [LAc]s, PSE e estado de ânimo. A FC, PSE, [LAC]s e os parâmetros da PCrit não apresentaram diferença estatística para os três diferentes protocolos. Porém os estados de ânimo para os adjetivos positivos apresentaram maiores valores no momento da fadiga para a MP. Conclui-se que a audição da música preferida só é capaz de influenciar os estados de ânimo no domínio severo. Participaram do estudo 2, cinco mulheres e seis homens,os quais foram submetidos a 2 protocolos de teste. No primeiro foi obtido os... / The music influence in the performance, in moderate exercise and mood states has already been well elucidated in literature. However, some studies have found improvement in these variables in the intense and severe exercise. Besides, listening to music is enough disseminated among physical activity apprentices, who can select music in accordance to their personal preferences. However, the relation musical preference between the performance and mood state is not explained. Therefore, two goals were proposed. The first study was to analyze the influence of listening preferred and non-preferred music considering the performance, physiologic responses, Rating Perceived Exertion (RPE) and mood states in the severe exercise on ergometer cycle. The second goal was to analyze the influence of listening preferred and non-preferred music according to the same variables of the first goal, but in the intense exercise on the ergometer cycle. The study one determined Critical Power model parameters (CP) in different protocols, Preferred Music (PM), Non- Preferred Music (NP) and Without Music (WM). Four women and six men were submitted to the study. After listening or not to the music the subjects carried out the warm-up and the test. The Heart Rate (HR), Blood Concentration Lactate ([LA]), RPE and mood states were examined. Significant differences were not found in HR, [LA], RPE and CP parameters. However, the data showed that the positive mood states in fatigue moment was higher in PM than in NP and WM. The data also showed that the audition of the preferred music is only able to influence the mood state in severe exercise. Four women and six men were submitted on the second study. CP parameters were determined across the two loads after two tests (Load CP and Load below CP). In this study, the HR, [LA], RPE and mood states were examined during twenty minutes... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Eduardo Kokubun / Banca: Fábio Yuzo Nakamura / Banca: Silvia Deutsch / Resumo: É bem conhecida a influência da música no desempenho do exercício no domínio moderado e nos estados de ânimo. Poucos estudos investigaram essa relação em exercícios no domínio intenso e severo. Além disso, a audição de música é bastante disseminada entre praticantes de atividade física, os quais devem selecionar músicas de acordo com suas preferências pessoais. Entretanto, a relação entre a preferência musical e o desempenho e o estado de ânimo não está esclarecido. Desse modo, dois estudos foram propostos. O objetivo do estudo 1 foi de verificar a influência da audição da música preferida e não preferida no desempenho, nas respostas fisiológicas, na percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE) e nos estados de ânimo em exercícios no domínio severo no cicloergômetro. O objetivo do estudo 2 foi de verificar a influência da audição da música preferida e não preferidas nas mesmas variáveis do estudo 1 em exercícios no domínio intenso no cicolergômetro. No primeiro estudo foram determinados os parâmetros da Potência Crítica (PCrit) em diferentes protocolos, Música Preferida (MP), Não Preferida (NP) e Sem Música (SM). Foram submetidos para o estudo quatro mulheres e seis homens. Após ouvirem ou não a música os sujeitos realizaram o aquecimento e o teste. Foram avaliados a Freqüência Cardíaca (FC), concentração de lactato sanguíneo [LAc]s, PSE e estado de ânimo. A FC, PSE, [LAC]s e os parâmetros da PCrit não apresentaram diferença estatística para os três diferentes protocolos. Porém os estados de ânimo para os adjetivos positivos apresentaram maiores valores no momento da fadiga para a MP. Conclui-se que a audição da música preferida só é capaz de influenciar os estados de ânimo no domínio severo. Participaram do estudo 2, cinco mulheres e seis homens,os quais foram submetidos a 2 protocolos de teste. No primeiro foi obtido os... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The music influence in the performance, in moderate exercise and mood states has already been well elucidated in literature. However, some studies have found improvement in these variables in the intense and severe exercise. Besides, listening to music is enough disseminated among physical activity apprentices, who can select music in accordance to their personal preferences. However, the relation musical preference between the performance and mood state is not explained. Therefore, two goals were proposed. The first study was to analyze the influence of listening preferred and non-preferred music considering the performance, physiologic responses, Rating Perceived Exertion (RPE) and mood states in the severe exercise on ergometer cycle. The second goal was to analyze the influence of listening preferred and non-preferred music according to the same variables of the first goal, but in the intense exercise on the ergometer cycle. The study one determined Critical Power model parameters (CP) in different protocols, Preferred Music (PM), Non- Preferred Music (NP) and Without Music (WM). Four women and six men were submitted to the study. After listening or not to the music the subjects carried out the warm-up and the test. The Heart Rate (HR), Blood Concentration Lactate ([LA]), RPE and mood states were examined. Significant differences were not found in HR, [LA], RPE and CP parameters. However, the data showed that the positive mood states in fatigue moment was higher in PM than in NP and WM. The data also showed that the audition of the preferred music is only able to influence the mood state in severe exercise. Four women and six men were submitted on the second study. CP parameters were determined across the two loads after two tests (Load CP and Load below CP). In this study, the HR, [LA], RPE and mood states were examined during twenty minutes... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

There is some evidence about the efficacy of preferred music on agitation in elders with dementia; however, little is known about its effectiveness on agitation when implemented by nursing staff in long-term care facilities. Even less is known about use of preferred music for managing anxiety in those with dementia. This quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate the implementation of a preferred music intervention delivered by nursing staff on agitation and anxiety of institutionalised elders with dementia. The sample comprised of 57 elders with dementia residing in two building complexes which provided similar care routines and staffing in a large Taiwanese residential care facility. These two building complexes were randomly assigned as the experimental and control group. Nursing staff in the experimental group received a facilitation program to prepare them for implementing the preferred music intervention; whereas nursing staff in the control group received no facilitation program. The music intervention based on each resident's music preferences was then provided by the trained nursing staff for 32 experimental residents twice a week for six weeks. Meanwhile, 25 residents in the control group only received the usual standard care without music. All residents were assessed by Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) for overall and three subtypes of agitated behaviours and by Rating of Anxiety in Dementia for anxiety at baseline and week 6. Additionally, the modified CMAI measured the 30-minute occurrence of agitation at baseline, session 4, and session 12. The results indicate that institutionalised elders with dementia who received six weeks of preferred music intervention implemented by trained nursing staff had significant reductions on overall, three subtypes of agitated behaviours, anxiety, and 30-minute occurrence of agitation over time compared to those who received the usual standard care without music. Preferred music shows promise as a strategy for reducing agitation and anxiety in those with dementia when implemented by trained nursing staff. Such intervention can be incorporated into routine activities to improve the quality of care provided by nursing staff and the quality of life of those with dementia in long-term care settings. Our study results provide clinically relevant evidence which contribute to closing the gap between research and practice.

Currently, little evidence has been gathered on the impact of listening to preferred music on the healing experiences of cancer patients, justifying the need for qualitative inquiry. Three disease-free women that survived breast cancer were invited to share their stories about how listening to preferred music assisted in decreasing their symptoms of depression, fatigue, and pain during their recovery. Data analysis followed a multiple case study methodology. Findings reveal the importance of listening to music and its affect on the emotional and physiological state of cancer patients, as well as their ability to cope with their illness. Four major themes emerged from the transcripts of participants: Music as Vibration, Music as Getaway, Music as Emotion Regulation, and Music as Spiritual Validation.

Thèse de doctorat présenté en vue de l'obtention du doctorat en psychologie - recherche intervention, option neuropsychologie clinique (Ph.D) / Les traumatismes craniocérébraux (TCC) peuvent entraîner de lourdes conséquences physiques, cognitives, émotionnelles et comportementales. Parmi celles-ci, l’agitation est très fréquente et se caractérise par une hyperactivité motrice, une désorientation, des problèmes d'attention, une labilité émotionnelle, une désinhibition et de l’agressivité. Elle interfère avec le rétablissement et les processus de réadaptation, mais il n'existe pas à ce jour de consensus sur son traitement, outre la contention physique ou la prise de médicaments, qui peuvent respectivement causer des blessures ou entraver la récupération. De récentes données suggèrent que les interventions musicales peuvent réduire l’agitation chez les patients TCC mais la capacité des patients TCC à percevoir et traiter la musique pendant la phase aiguë post-blessure n'a pas été établie. Le premier article de cette thèse visait à évaluer la perception musicale chez les patients TCC hospitalisés en phase aiguë. Dans la présente étude, 42 patients ayant subi un TCC ont été comparés à un groupe témoin. Tous les participants ont complété les tests de Scale et Rhythm de la Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia pour mesurer la perception musicale, et le test d’empan numérique pour mesurer la mémoire verbale à court terme. Comparativement au groupe témoin, les patients TCC ont obtenu des performances significativement inférieures; 43% d'entre eux présentaient des déficits de traitement de la hauteur et 40% des déficits de traitement du rythme. Les patients présentant des lésions à l'hémisphère droit ont obtenu des résultats plus faibles que ceux présentant des lésions à l'hémisphère gauche. Les déficits de traitement de la hauteur et du rythme coexistaient dans 31% des cas, ce qui suggère l'existence de réseaux neuronaux partiellement dissociables. Le deuxième article est une revue non systématique dont l’objectif était de caractériser l'agitation et son traitement. Plusieurs types d’interventions comportementales, dont les interventions musicales, ont été explorées dans cette revue. Les limites méthodologiques ont été discutées et des recommandations ont été faites pour une approche plus systématique de la recherche utilisant des études de cas et de séries de cas chez les patients agités. Le troisième article est une étude pilote de phase II dans laquelle sont inclus des patients ayant subi un TCC modéré à sévère (n = 3) ou un accident vasculaire cérébral de l'artère cérébrale moyenne (n = 1). Ils ont été exposés à leurs musiques préférées, de la musique classique relaxante et un extrait sonore non musical (cascade) pendant la phase aiguë de récupération. Les comportements d’agitation ont été évalués à l'aide de l'Échelle d’Agitation (Agitated Behaviour Scale), de mesures actigraphiques et d’une observation qualitative. Les résultats indiquent que l’agitation a diminué lors de l’écoute de la musique classique relaxante et la cascade. L’agitation est restée stable lors de la musique préférée, mais certains patients ont exprimé des émotions positives ou présenté un comportement plus organisé, comme taper du pied ou chanter. Compte tenu des importantes limites méthodologiques dans ce champ d’études, la présente étude a permis d’explorer la faisabilité et l’effet d’une intervention musicale, ce qui permettra de guider les études futures. / Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has serious physical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioural consequences. Agitation is highly prevalent among patients with TBI, and is characterized by motor hyperactivity, disorientation, attention problems, emotional lability, disinhibition, and aggression. It often results in decreased engagement in rehabilitative treatment, and poorer functional outcomes. There is no consensus on the treatment for agitation. Most often, it is managed with medication and physical restraints, which may cause injury or impede cognitive recovery. Few studies examine novel non-pharmacological interventions for agitation in TBI patients. However, recent evidence suggests that music interventions may decrease agitated behavior in TBI patients. The ability of TBI patients to perceive and process music during the acute phase has not been established, though it may influence the efficacy of preferred music interventions. The first article of this thesis evaluated music perception in acutely hospitalized TBI patients. Music perception deficits have been identified in populations with acquired brain injury due to epilepsy, stroke, and after aneurysmal clipping. However, few studies have evaluated deficits following TBI, resulting in an underdiagnosis in this population. Forty-two patients completed the Scale and Rhythm tests of the Montreal Battery for the Evaluation of Amusia to measure music perception, and Digit Span Forward to measure verbal short-term memory. TBI patients were more often impaired than controls, with 43% demonstrating pitch processing deficits, and 40% demonstrating rhythm processing deficits. Patients with right hemisphere damage performed more poorly than those with left hemisphere damage. Pitch and rhythm deficits co-occurred 31% of the time, suggesting partly dissociable neural networks. Results are discussed in the context of current research and clinical implications. The second article was a non-systematic review in which we characterized agitation and its treatment. We explored behavioural interventions, including music interventions, occupational therapy, the Intervention Contingencies Awareness Relationship behavioural model, operant contingency management, and general therapeutic activities. The methodological limitations were discussed and recommendations made for a more systematic approach to research using case and case series studies in agitated patients. The third article was a phase-II development-of-concept pilot study in which four patients with moderate to severe TBI (n = 3), and middle cerebral artery stroke: (n = 1) were exposed to preferred music, relaxing classical music, and a nonmusical control (waterfall) during the acute phase of recovery. Agitated behaviours were assessed using the Agitated Behavior Scale, actigraphy, and qualitative observation. Agitated behaviour decreased during relaxing classical music, and waterfall. It remained stable in the preferred music condition. However, certain patients expressed positive emotions and organized behaviour such as tapping or singing along. Given important methodological limitations in current studies, a phase-II study allowed for the evaluation of outcomes and the practicality of delivering music listening interventions, which may guide future studies.