Using grounded theory, action research and ethnographic case study methodology this research explores the contrasting ways in which a prescribed curriculum is translated into an enacted curriculum. The current study looks at a 12 week secondary engineering unit (helmet design) which was designed with significant input from a university based team including content experts, learning scientists, master teachers, classroom teachers and school district administrators as part of a grant focused on the creation of a high school engineering course. The unit was enacted in a rural/suburban school by a group of average students by a teacher with high content knowledge in engineering. Five thrusts were identified for analysis including Assessment, Activities, Apparatus, Technology and Standards. Findings indicate much alignment with Apparatus, Standards and Technology thrusts and disparity within the Assessment and Activities thrusts. / text

Läroplanen för gymnasiets Kemi 1 och Kemi 2 förespråkar elevplanerade laboratorieövningar. Men de nuvarande populära kurslitteratur som används för att undervisa Kemi 1 och Kemi 2 beskriver primärt bara elevlaboratorier med fullständiga instruktioner för eleverna att följa. Denna litteraturstudie listar och beskriver 15 undersökande elevaktiviteter för i Kemi 1 och Kemi 2. Beskrivningen fokuserar på elevaktivitet, förutsättningar och läranderesultat. Varje aktivitet hittades i en publicerad referentgranskad artikel. Dessa 15 elevaktiviteter kan sammanlagt användas till undervisning av 11 av de 19 screenade centrala innehåll från läroplanen för Kemi 1 och Kemi 2. / The state prescribed curriculum for the two chemistry courses Kemi 1 and Kemi 2 for Swedish upper secondary school, advocates student planned laboratory exercises. But the current popular course literature book systems used for teaching Kemi 1 and Kemi 2 primarily describe student laboratory exercises with complete step-by-step instructions for the students to follow. This literature study lists and describes 15 inquiry-based learning activities for students attending Kemi 1 and Kemi 2, the descriptions focus on student activity, preconditions, and learning outcome. Each activity was found in a published peer-reviewed article. Combined these 15 student activities can be used for teaching 11 out of the 19 screened core contents listed in the state prescribed curriculum for Kemi 1 and Kemi 2.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Jose Lima Bezerra.pdf: 1511193 bytes, checksum: 7d527a2abd62cfd495e8f222ae84290a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The theme of this work is the relationship between prescribed curriculum, curriculum knowledge and experiential teaching and educational practices of teaching history in public high schools at interior of Pernambuco. We start from the premise that educational practice in history is much more driven conceptions of history and experience-based knowledge derived from education teachers than by curricular and pedagogical orientations arising from institutional and official documents. We base our work on the concepts and theories formulated by authors such as Maurice Tardif et al (2001, 2005 and 2010), Ivor Goodson (1995), Moreira and Silva (2011), Gimeno Sacristan (1998), Francisco Imbernon (2010), Antoni Zabala (1998 ) among others, on teacher knowledge and curriculum and Silva and Fonseca (2007) theories, Davies (1996); Siman (2004), Monteiro (2007) Bittencourt (2009), Gasparello (2001, 2007), Martin (2007) among others, to study the teaching of history, in addition to the documents that constitute the curriculum policy in history and Pernambuco in Brazil, such as the National Curricular Parameters for the Humanities and its technologies, Theoretical and Methodological Guidelines for teaching History from the Department of Education of Pernambuco, beyond the political-pedagogical projects and Teachers of Schools Planning Teacher Ivonita Alves Guerra and the School for Excellence in Secondary Education Arnaldo Assunção empiricus locus of this work. We seek to conduct this research through a qualitative approach, through the use of recorded oral interviews, semi-structured questionnaires and structured observations. Research has shown us that history teachers recognize the importance of official curriculum documents for the teaching of this subject, however pursue their educational practice based more on their teaching experiences acquired over time than in the curricular requirements for teaching history in stage of basic education / O tema do presente trabalho é a relação entre currículo prescrito, saberes docentes curriculares e experienciais e as práticas educativas do ensino de história em escolas públicas de ensino médio do interior de Pernambuco. Partimos da premissa de que a prática educativa em história é muito mais orientada pelas concepções de história e educação oriundas dos saberes experienciais docentes do que pelas orientações curriculares e pedagógicas advindas dos documentos oficiais e institucionais. Fundamentamos nosso trabalho nos conceitos e teorias formulados por autores como Maurice Tardif et al (2001, 2005 e 2010), Ivor Goodson (1995), Moreira e Silva (2011), Gimeno Sacristán (1998), Francisco Imbernón (2010), Antoni Zabala (1998) entre outros sobre os saberes docentes e as teorias curriculares e Silva e Fonseca (2007), Davies (1996); Siman (2004), Monteiro (2007), Bittencourt (2009), Gasparello (2001;2007), Martín (2007) entre outros, para o estudo do ensino de história, além dos documentos que constituem a política curricular em história no Brasil e em Pernambuco, como os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para as Ciências Humanas e suas tecnologias, as Orientações Teórico-Metodológicas para o ensino de História a partir da Secretaria de Educação de Pernambuco, além dos Projetos Político-Pedagógicos e os Planejamentos Docentes das Escolas Professora Ivonita Alves Guerra e da Escola de Referência em Ensino Médio Arnaldo Assunção, locus empiricus da realização deste trabalho. Procuramos realizar esta pesquisa por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, através do uso de entrevistas orais gravadas, questionários semiestruturados e observações estruturadas. A pesquisa nos mostrou que os professores de história reconhecem a importância dos documentos curriculares oficiais para o ensino desta disciplina, entretanto exercem a sua prática educativa com base muito mais nas suas experiências docentes adquiridas ao longo do tempo do que nas prescrições curriculares para o ensino de história na etapa média da educação básica

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:32:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Migdalia Rodriguez Cabrera.pdf: 897286 bytes, checksum: a9bc15b06b17f0a4cf4bacb39a85d250 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-25 / This research aimed to describe, characterize and analyze the prescribed curriculum of 8th Grade of discipline of physics in Secondary School in Mozambique and its relations with the curriculum expressed in the documents of previous years. It s delimited the following hypothesis: the official policy proposals which governing the current Mozambican educational system arise from global reform movement governed by international organisms. As methodological procedure was carried a documental research in which it s important to highlight the existence and access to official proposals which normalize and guide the discipline of physics in secondary school and the curriculum programs of the discipline of physics in the 8th Grade (2004, 2006 and 2008) in Mozambique belonging to the political actions and components of the thematic field of Science Teaching. In the documental analysis were included the official proposals which regulate the teaching process of discipline of physics in the 8th Grade of General Secondary School in the Mozambican educational system: Five-year Program of Government (2005 2009), Strategic Plans of Education and Culture (1999 2003) and (2006 2010/2011), the Curricular Plan of the General Secondary School (2007) and the Curricular Programs of Physics the 8th Grade (2004, 2006 and 2008) of the General Secondary School. In the data analysis, we seek to select and classify the principles and standards of action adopted, based on the contributions of Chervel (1990), Goodson (1997) and Gimeno Sacristán (1998 and 2000). The introduction of new Curricular Programs in the 8th Grade of General Secondary School didn t result positive changes for the teaching of physics at the prospect of delivering broader and deeper education. Otherwise, cause movements in the area four proposals in five years. The few changes have made teaching more pragmatic, impoverished and prepared for market / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever, caracterizar e analisar o currículo prescrito da 8ª Classe da disciplina de Física no Ensino Secundário em Moçambique e suas relações com o currículo expresso nos documentos dos anos anteriores. Delimita-se a seguinte hipótese: As propostas políticas oficiais que regem o sistema educacional moçambicano atual decorrem de movimento mundial de reformas regidas pelos organismos internacionais. Como procedimento metodológico foi realizado estudo documental em que importa destacar a existência e o acesso às propostas oficiais que normalizam e orientam a disciplina de Física no Ensino Secundário, e os programas curriculares da disciplina de Física da 8ª Classe (2004, 2006 e 2008) em Moçambique que são parte de ações políticas e integrantes do campo temático do Ensino de Ciências. Na análise documental foram incluídas as propostas oficiais que regulam o processo de ensino da Disciplina da Física da 8ª Classe no Ensino Secundário Geral no sistema educacional moçambicano: Programa Quinquenal do Governo (2005-2009); Planos Estratégicos de Educação e Cultura (1999-2003) e (2006- 2010/2011), o Plano Curricular do Ensino Secundário Geral (2007), e os Programas Curriculares de Física da 8ª Classe (2004, 2006 e 2008) do Ensino Secundário Geral. Na análise de dados procurou-se selecionar e classificar os princípios e normas de ação adotados, com base nas contribuições de Chervel (1990), Goodson (1997) e Gimeno Sacristán (1998 e 2000). A introdução dos novos Programas Curriculares da 8ª Classe do Ensino Secundário Geral não redundou em mudanças de melhoria para o ensino da disciplina de Física na perspectiva de fornecer formação mais ampla e profunda. Ao contrário ocasionam movimentos na área com quatro propostas em cinco anos. As poucas modificações realizadas tornaram o ensino mais pragmático, empobrecido e preparador para o mercado

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EMILIO CELSO DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 2156724 bytes, checksum: 0e555081f027fa9f482bde1c58db064d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This thesis is about the impacts in the area of Mathematics Education in curriculum prescribed and practiced in the basic education system in Brazil and Argentina. This research aims at identifying common shared aspects and specificities about Mathematics and how it is organized in both countries, as well as identifying the ways which regulate the prescribed curriculum. It also aimed at carrying on data research about Mathematics teachers assimilation towards the official curriculum orientations and also aimed at looking for clues referring to the curriculum practiced by teachers. By means of methodological procedures referred to comparative studies, the present research does a documental analysis of the National Curriculum Parameters - Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN/Brazil) and of the Contents of the Basic Commons- Conteúdos Básicos Comuns (CBC/Argentina). It also draws a comparison of data collected in interviews by analyzing the different opinions of various professionals in Education concerning the construction of the prescribed curriculum and its implementation. As far as the results are concerned, the research presents evidence in the documents about the striking influences in the Mathematics Education relating to: the principles of curricular organization; Mathematics objectives in the curriculum; selection and organizational criteria for the contents; reference to pedagogical and methodological options; and specially conceptions about learning, problem solving, contextualization, didactic value of the History of Mathematics, the use of technology in Mathematics classes as well as recommendations about learning evaluation processes. Concerning the collected statements we can highlight the difference in teachers relation with the curricular prescriptions in both countries, bearing in mind the compulsory feature they have in Argentina and the status of orientation which is assumed in Brazil. By analyzing the interviews it was found evidence about the fact that teachers, in both countries, look for a conception about learning, present in the prescribed curriculum, in which students participate in the construction of mathematical concepts, although the impression registered is that classes are still teachers-centered. As far as the curriculum, which is used in classes, is concerned, in both countries, they are in search of incorporating the didactic orientations about context, problem-solving, the History of Mathematics and the use of technology, specially the adding machine, which prove to be impacts on Mathematics Education in the classroom / Esta tese trata dos impactos da área de Educação Matemática em currículos prescritos e praticados na escolaridade básica de Brasil e Argentina e tem como objetivos: identificar aspectos comuns e especificidades de Matemática organizados em cada um desses países, bem como as formas de organização dos currículos prescritos; levantar dados sobre a assimilação dos professores de Matemática às orientações curriculares prescritas nos documentos oficiais e buscar indícios referentes aos currículos praticados pelos professores. Por meio de procedimentos metodológicos referentes a estudos comparativos, faz análise documental - Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN/Brasil) e Conteúdos Básicos Comuns (CBC/Argentina) - e compara dados obtidos em entrevistas analisando visões de diferentes profissionais de educação sobre a elaboração dos currículos prescritos e sua implementação. Como resultados, a investigação evidencia que nos documentos há influências marcantes da Educação Matemática em relação a: princípios de organização curricular; finalidades da Matemática no currículo; critérios de seleção e de organização dos conteúdos; referências a opções didáticas e metodológicas, em especial, concepção de aprendizagem, resolução de problemas, contextualização, valor didático da História da Matemática e emprego de tecnologias nas aulas de Matemática; e recomendações sobre a avaliação da aprendizagem. Com relação aos depoimentos coletados, destaca-se a diferença na relação dos professores com as prescrições curriculares nos dois países, tendo em vista o caráter de obrigatoriedade que elas têm na Argentina e o estatuto de orientações que assumem no Brasil. Pelas entrevistas, percebemos indícios de que os professores dos dois países buscam uma concepção de aprendizagem, presente nos currículos prescritos, em que os alunos participem da construção dos conceitos matemáticos, embora a impressão que tivemos seja de que as aulas ainda sejam centradas no professor. No que diz respeito aos currículos praticados em sala de aula, é promissor constatar que professores, dos dois países, procuram incorporar as orientações didáticas acerca da contextualização, resolução de problemas, História da Matemática e uso de tecnologias, em especial, a calculadora, o que evidencia impactos da Educação Matemática na sala de aula

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:02:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Janaina Esfalsini Figueira Assereuy.pdf: 1754254 bytes, checksum: c61866d2d299d613b609a03e4335cdd5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-24 / O presente estudo busca compreender a construção diária de um currículo de Educação Física, analisando os referenciais e documentos teórico-metodológicos com os quais um professor participante ativo de um processo de revisão curricular lida/mobiliza em seu dia a dia para a objetivação do currículo em ação, quais os condicionantes externos e internos influenciaram as escolhas e as formas desse sujeito perceber, explicar e descrever a organização e o trato pedagógico conferido aos conteúdos desse componente curricular no seu contexto educacional de trabalho. Referencia suas análises numa abordagem sociológica sobre a construção do currículo de Educação Física e opta pela perspectiva qualitativa, apoiando-se na etnometodologia. Utiliza a abordagem interpretativa, exprimindo um caminho metodológico que confere centralidade às ações do sujeito no processo investigado. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram: a observação de caráter participante, as entrevistas e a análise de documentos. Investiga os espaços de discussão coletiva, a sistematização dos documentos, as propostas, as ações e as aulas da professora colaboradora. Constata a influência de condicionantes externos e internos que tanto, potencializam a autoria e autonomia da professora colaboradora na construção diária do currículo vivido de Educação Física, quanto geram tensões, lutas e conflitos. As análises evidenciam que as escolhas da professora na construção do projeto pedagógico para á área de Educação Física pautam-se numa perspectiva que considera as vivências e experiências dos alunos, bem como a realidade da comunidade onde atua / This study seeks to understand the daily construction of a physical education curriculum, analyzing references and theoretical and methodological documents with which a participant and active teacher in a process of curriculum revision deal / mobilizes in his daily tasks for the objectification of the curriculum, what external and internal constraints had influence in the choices and ways of someone to perceive, explain and describe the organization and pedagogical treatment given to the content of this component in its curricular educational context of work. Support its analyzes in a sociological approach about the construction of the physical education curriculum and opts for a qualitative perspective, relying on an ethnomethodology. Uses the interpretive approach, expressing a methodological way that gives centrality to subject actions on the in the investigated process. The instruments for the data collection were: participant observation, interviews and document analysis. Investigates collective discussion; documents systematization; the proposals, actions and the cooperating teacher s classes. Notes the influence of external and internal constraints that potentiate the authorship and autonomy of the contributor teacher in building the curriculum experienced on daily physical education as generate tensions, struggles and conflicts. The present analyzes shows that the choices of the teacher, in the teaching project construction of physical education area, will be guided in a perspective that considers the experiences of students, as well as the reality of the community where she works

Text in Afrikaans / Due to the radical reform in mathematics education worldwide, the mathematics curriculum underwent dramatic changes in order to meet the new objectives in mathematics. This has placed a huge responsibility on curriculum compilers and the authors of mathematics textbooks and mathematics teachers to enhance the cognitive development of learners. This study takes the view that: What happens in the class is what you get. Based on the above statement, the foundation of mathematics teaching, namely the mathematics curriculum, the mathematics textbook and the teacher’s instruction in the teaching venue were scrutinised. During a diagnostic examination of teachers’ interpretation, knowledge and application of the mathematics curriculum and the content of mathematics textbooks on the East Rand, the following problems regarding mathematics teaching emerged: The most important finding of TIMMS is that the differences in performance in mathematics between different countries can be linked to the way teachers interpret and present the content of mathematics. Research has revealed that the interaction of teachers with curriculum content follow a dynamic and constructive application instead of direct application based on the mathematics curriculum. Teachers often change the prescriptions and order of content in the mathematics curriculum to suit their teaching style, knowledge and previous experience. Consequently, align application of mathematical concepts and skills does not take place and this creates a gap in learners’ cognitive development. It also leaves a gap in the application of the Type 5 cognitive development tasks in mathematics which enable a verifying deductive application of concepts. The action research created a structure which could meet this need. Authors of mathematics textbooks present their own vision, interpretation and style in mathematics textbooks, which influences the order of mathematics content and concepts. The result is that mathematics content and concepts are at times not aligned with representations in the mathematics curriculum and objectives are therefore not reached. The different interpretations of mathematics textbooks by teachers differ greatly and these differences place great pressure on teachers to decide how the mathematics textbook will be used in the teaching venue. In this study a mathematics textbook profile and a task analysis were formulated in the cause of action research which will enable teachers to make a professional analysis which they can use. Because a variety of mathematics textbooks are selected for use in schools, teachers assume that these approved mathematics textbooks focus on the curriculum. They therefore slavishly follow the mathematics textbooks without consulting the mathematics curriculum. Shortcomings in mathematics textbooks and teachers’ own interpretation of mathematics content leave a big gap in their own alignment of mathematics teaching. To satisfy this need, an assessment profile and an methodology for alignment are provided to enable teachers to monitor the curriculum alignment presentation of concepts and skills. / As gevolg van die radikale hervorming in wiskunde-onderrig wêreldwyd het die wiskundekurrikulum dramatiese veranderings ondergaan ten einde die nuwe doelstellings in wiskunde te bereik. Dit het enorme verantwoordelikheid geplaas op kurrikulumsamestellers en outeurs van wiskundehandboeke en wiskunde-onderwysers om die kognitiewe ontwikkeling van leerders te bevorder. In hierdie studie is van die volgende standpunt uitgegaan: What happens in the class is what you get. Derhalwe is die fondasie van wiskunde-onderrig, naamlik die wiskundekurrikulum, wiskundehandboek en die onderwyser se instruksies in die klaskamer ondersoek. In `n diagnostiese ontleding van onderwysers se interpretasie, kennis en toepassing van die wiskundekurrikulum en die wiskundehandboekinhoude aan die Oos-Rand het die volgende probleme in verband met wiskunde-onderrig na vore gekom: Die belangrikste bevinding van TIMMS is dat die verskille in wiskundeprestasie tussen lande verband hou met die wyse waarop onderwysers die wiskudekurrikuluminhoude interpreteer en aanbied. Navorsing toon dat die interaksie van onderwysers met kurrikulummateriaal op ʼn dinamiese en konstruktiewe toepassing geskied in plaas van direkte toepassing vanuit die wiskundekurrikulum. Onderwysers verander dikwels die wiskundekurrikulum se voorskrifte en volgorde van inhoude om by hulle onderrigstyl, kennis en vorige ervarings te pas. Die gevolg is dat geen inlyntoepassing van wiskundebegrippe en vaardighede plaasvind nie en dit laat ʼn leemte in leerders se kognitiewe ontwikkeling. Verder laat dit ʼn leemte in die toepassing van die 5-tipe kognitiewe ontwikkelingstake in wiskunde wat ʼn verifiërend deduktiewe toepassing van begrippe bewerkstellig. In die aksienavorsing is ʼn struktuur geskep wat in hierdie behoefte voorsien. Outeurs van wiskundehandboeke het ʼn eie visie, interpretasie en styl wat hulle in wiskundehandboeke aanbied. Dit het ʼn invloed op die volgorde van wiskunde-inhoude en begrippe en gevolglik is wiskunde-inhoude en -begrippe soms nie inlyn geplaas met voorstellings van die wiskundekurrikulum nie, en word doelstellings nie bereik nie. Onderwysers se verskillende interpretasies van wiskundehandboekinhoude verskil radikaal van mekaar en plaas gevolglik groot druk op onderwysers om ʼn keuse te maak wat betref die gebruik van ʼn wiskundehandboek vir gebruik in die klaskamer. In die studie is ʼn wiskundehandboekprofiel en ʼn taakontleding tydens aksienavorsing geformuleer wat onderwysers in staat sal stel om ʼn professionele ontleding te maak vir gebruik. As gevolg van die verskeidenheid wiskundehandboeke wat gekeur word vir gebruik in skole neem onderwysers aan dat hierdie gekeurde wiskundehandboeke op die kurrikulum gerig is. Gevolglik word wiskundehandboeke slaafs nagevolg sonder om die wiskundekurrikulum te raadpleeg. Tekortkominge in wiskundehandboeke en die eie interpretasie van wiskundeinhoude deur onderwysers laat ʼn groot leemte in hul eie inlynwiskunde-onderrig. Om te voorsien in hierdie behoefte is ʼn assesseringsprofiel en ʼn inlynmetodiek saamgestel om onderwysers in staat te stel om die inlynaanbieding van begrippe en vaardighede te monitor. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Didaktiek)

Text in Afrikaans, abstract in English and Afrikaans / Due to the radical reform in mathematics education worldwide, the mathematics curriculum underwent dramatic changes in order to meet the new objectives in mathematics. This has placed a huge responsibility on curriculum compilers and the authors of mathematics textbooks and mathematics teachers to enhance the cognitive development of learners. This study takes the view that: What happens in the class is what you get. Based on the above statement, the foundation of mathematics teaching, namely the mathematics curriculum, the mathematics textbook and the teacher’s instruction in the teaching venue were scrutinised. During a diagnostic examination of teachers’ interpretation, knowledge and application of the mathematics curriculum and the content of mathematics textbooks on the East Rand, the following problems regarding mathematics teaching emerged: The most important finding of TIMMS is that the differences in performance in mathematics between different countries can be linked to the way teachers interpret and present the content of mathematics. Research has revealed that the interaction of teachers with curriculum content follow a dynamic and constructive application instead of direct application based on the mathematics curriculum. Teachers often change the prescriptions and order of content in the mathematics curriculum to suit their teaching style, knowledge and previous experience. Consequently, align application of mathematical concepts and skills does not take place and this creates a gap in learners’ cognitive development. It also leaves a gap in the application of the Type 5 cognitive development tasks in mathematics which enable a verifying deductive application of concepts. The action research created a structure which could meet this need. Authors of mathematics textbooks present their own vision, interpretation and style in mathematics textbooks, which influences the order of mathematics content and concepts. The result is that mathematics content and concepts are at times not aligned with representations in the mathematics curriculum and objectives are therefore not reached. The different interpretations of mathematics textbooks by teachers differ greatly and these differences place great pressure on teachers to decide how the mathematics textbook will be used in the teaching venue. In this study a mathematics textbook profile and a task analysis were formulated in the cause of action research which will enable teachers to make a professional analysis which they can use. Because a variety of mathematics textbooks are selected for use in schools, teachers assume that these approved mathematics textbooks focus on the curriculum. They therefore slavishly follow the mathematics textbooks without consulting the mathematics curriculum. Shortcomings in mathematics textbooks and teachers’ own interpretation of mathematics content leave a big gap in their own alignment of mathematics teaching. To satisfy this need, an assessment profile and an methodology for alignment are provided to enable teachers to monitor the curriculum alignment presentation of concepts and skills. / As gevolg van die radikale hervorming in wiskunde-onderrig wêreldwyd het die wiskundekurrikulum dramatiese veranderings ondergaan ten einde die nuwe doelstellings in wiskunde te bereik. Dit het enorme verantwoordelikheid geplaas op kurrikulumsamestellers en outeurs van wiskundehandboeke en wiskunde-onderwysers om die kognitiewe ontwikkeling van leerders te bevorder. In hierdie studie is van die volgende standpunt uitgegaan: What happens in the class is what you get. Derhalwe is die fondasie van wiskunde-onderrig, naamlik die wiskundekurrikulum, wiskundehandboek en die onderwyser se instruksies in die klaskamer ondersoek. In `n diagnostiese ontleding van onderwysers se interpretasie, kennis en toepassing van die wiskundekurrikulum en die wiskundehandboekinhoude aan die Oos-Rand het die volgende probleme in verband met wiskunde-onderrig na vore gekom: Die belangrikste bevinding van TIMMS is dat die verskille in wiskundeprestasie tussen lande verband hou met die wyse waarop onderwysers die wiskudekurrikuluminhoude interpreteer en aanbied. Navorsing toon dat die interaksie van onderwysers met kurrikulummateriaal op ʼn dinamiese en konstruktiewe toepassing geskied in plaas van direkte toepassing vanuit die wiskundekurrikulum. Onderwysers verander dikwels die wiskundekurrikulum se voorskrifte en volgorde van inhoude om by hulle onderrigstyl, kennis en vorige ervarings te pas. Die gevolg is dat geen inlyntoepassing van wiskundebegrippe en vaardighede plaasvind nie en dit laat ʼn leemte in leerders se kognitiewe ontwikkeling. Verder laat dit ʼn leemte in die toepassing van die 5-tipe kognitiewe ontwikkelingstake in wiskunde wat ʼn verifiërend deduktiewe toepassing van begrippe bewerkstellig. In die aksienavorsing is ʼn struktuur geskep wat in hierdie behoefte voorsien. Outeurs van wiskundehandboeke het ʼn eie visie, interpretasie en styl wat hulle in wiskundehandboeke aanbied. Dit het ʼn invloed op die volgorde van wiskunde-inhoude en begrippe en gevolglik is wiskunde-inhoude en -begrippe soms nie inlyn geplaas met voorstellings van die wiskundekurrikulum nie, en word doelstellings nie bereik nie. Onderwysers se verskillende interpretasies van wiskundehandboekinhoude verskil radikaal van mekaar en plaas gevolglik groot druk op onderwysers om ʼn keuse te maak wat betref die gebruik van ʼn wiskundehandboek vir gebruik in die klaskamer. In die studie is ʼn wiskundehandboekprofiel en ʼn taakontleding tydens aksienavorsing geformuleer wat onderwysers in staat sal stel om ʼn professionele ontleding te maak vir gebruik. As gevolg van die verskeidenheid wiskundehandboeke wat gekeur word vir gebruik in skole neem onderwysers aan dat hierdie gekeurde wiskundehandboeke op die kurrikulum gerig is. Gevolglik word wiskundehandboeke slaafs nagevolg sonder om die wiskundekurrikulum te raadpleeg. Tekortkominge in wiskundehandboeke en die eie interpretasie van wiskundeinhoude deur onderwysers laat ʼn groot leemte in hul eie inlynwiskunde-onderrig. Om te voorsien in hierdie behoefte is ʼn assesseringsprofiel en ʼn inlynmetodiek saamgestel om onderwysers in staat te stel om die inlynaanbieding van begrippe en vaardighede te monitor. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Didaktiek)