Poon, Ka Ho. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-63). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract of the thesis entitled --- p.ii / 摘要 --- p.iii / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Chapter Section 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Section 2. --- Review of Useful Concepts --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Terms and Methodologies - Pattern Recognition --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Rolling Windows --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Smoothing Function - Kernel Regression --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Filtering Function ´ؤ Search for Extrema --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Filtering Function - The Pattern Detection Algorithm --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- Risk-adjustment Model --- p.10 / Chapter Section 3. --- Data and Methodology --- p.12 / Chapter 3.1 --- Data --- p.12 / Chapter 3.2 --- Methodology --- p.12 / Chapter Section 4. --- Results --- p.17 / Chapter Section 5. --- Further Extension --- p.21 / Chapter Section 6. --- Discussions and Conclusion --- p.22 / APPENDIX 1 --- p.23 / References --- p.62

在現今的社會，協整技術已被廣泛應用於金融和計量經濟領域，特別用於構建股票市場的統計套利策略。在這一篇論文中，我們主要考察在衍生品市場中，基於協整技術的套利交易策略，這一策略的主要研究對象是隱含波動率。利用隱性波動率的線性組合的均值回歸的特性，通過配對兩隻帶有正利差(如theta) 的短期平價歐式跨式期權來獲利。同時，構建實際波動率的模型和預測未來實際波動率的模型將會用於補充這一交易策略的不足，隱性一實際條件和Gamma-Vega條件被引入來提高交易策略的效率。這一策略的績效分析是基於三年的歷史外匯期權數據。從實證數據中，基於協整技術的策略能賺取利潤，而且Vega在利潤中起著重要的作用，並且無論是隱性一實際條件還是Gamma-Vega條件都是有效的。 / The notion of cointegration has been widely used in finance and econometrics, in particular in constructing statistical arbitrage strategies in the stock market. In this thesis, an arbitrage trading strategy for derivatives based on cointegration is studied to account for the volatility factor. Pairs of short dated at-the-money straddles of European options with positive net carry (i.e. theta) are used to capture the mean-reverting property of the linear combinations of implied volatilities. Furthermore, modeling and forecasting realized volatility are also considered as a supplement to the trading strategy. Implied-Realized Criertion and Gamma-Vega Criterion are introduced to improve the trading strategy. A performance analysis is conducted with a 3-year historical data of Foreign Exchange Options. From the empirical results, the portfolio based on the cointegration strategy makes a profit, where Vega plays a dominant role, and either the Implied-Realized Criertion or the Gamma-Vega Criterion is effective. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Pun, Lai Fan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-45). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / List of Tables --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.vi / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Basic Ideas --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Cointegration and Johansen’s Methodology --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Cointegration --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Johansen’s Methodology --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2 --- Cointegration Pairs Trading Strategy --- p.6 / Chapter 2.3 --- Modelling and Forecasting Realized Volatility --- p.8 / Chapter 3 --- Cointegration Pairs Trading Strategy On Derivatives --- p.10 / Chapter 3.1 --- Trading On Implied Volatility --- p.10 / Chapter 3.2 --- Cointegration Trading Strategy --- p.12 / Chapter 3.3 --- Greek Letters --- p.13 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Requirements of the Trade --- p.13 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Approximation of the Expected P/L --- p.15 / Chapter 3.4 --- Foreign Exchange Options --- p.18 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Cointegration Pairs --- p.19 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Trading Process --- p.21 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- More Examples --- p.22 / Chapter 4 --- Further Trading Strategies --- p.26 / Chapter 4.1 --- Estimation of Realized Volatility --- p.26 / Chapter 4.2 --- Implied-Realized Criterion --- p.27 / Chapter 4.3 --- Gamma-Vega Criterion --- p.29 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.32 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusion and Further Discussion --- p.37 / A --- p.39 / B --- p.41 / Bibliography --- p.43

本研究主要探討附保證最低提 (Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits, GMWB)的變額(Variable Annuity, VA) 在隨機模型下之定價。保證最低提是變額的一種附加約 (rider) 並在市場下跌的情況下為變額持有人提供保障。它保證持有人在合約期內的總提少於一個預先訂的額，而變額的投資表現。一般，這個保證額相等於變額的初始投資額。本研究的融模型假設投資標的基價格符合對維過程 (exponential Lévy process)，而隨機則符合由維過程驅動的瓦西克模型 (Vasiček model)。融模型中的個維過程的相依結構 (dependence structure) 會由維關結構 (Lévy Copula) 描述。這個方法的好處是可描述同型的相依結構。用一個配合維關結構而有效的蒙地卡模擬方法，我們研究在同相依結構及模型下保證最低提的價值變化。在固定的特別情況下，保證最低提的價值能夠透過卷積方法 (convolution method) 而得到半解析解 (semi-analytical solution) 。最後，我們將本研究中的學模型擴展以研究近期出現由保證最低提演化而成的一種保證產品。這個產品名稱為保證終身提 (Guaranteed Lifelong Withdrawal Benefit, GLWB)，而此產品的到期日則與持有人的壽命相關。 / In this thesis, we study the problem of pricing the variable annuity(VA) with the Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits (GMWB) under the stochastic interest rate framework. The GMWB is a rider that can be elected to supplement a VA. It provides downside protection to policyholders by guaranteeing the total withdrawals throughout the life of the contract to be not less than a pre-specied amount, usually the initial lump sum investment, regardless of the investment performance of the VA. In our nancial model, we employ an exponential L´evy model for the underlying fund process and a Vasiček type model driven by a L´evy process for the interest rate dynamic. The dependence structure between the two driving L´evy processes is modeledby the L´evy copula approach whichis exible to model a wide range of dependence structure. An effcient simulation algorithm on L´evy copula is then used to study the behavior of the value of the GMWB when the dependence structure of the two L´evy processes and model parameters Vry. When the interest rate is deterministic, the value of the GMWB can be solved semi-analytically by the convolution method. Finally, we extend our model to study a recent variation of GMWB called Guaranteed Life long Withdrawal Benefits (GLWB) in which the maturity of the GLWB depends on the life of the policyhodler. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Chan, Wang Ngai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-121). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iv / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Variable Annuity & Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefit --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Literature Review --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Financial Model for GMWB --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- L´evy Copulas and the Simulation Algorithm --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1 --- Definitions and Theorem --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2 --- Examples of L´evy Copulas --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Independence case --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Complete Dependence --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- The Clayton L´evy Copula --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3 --- Simulation algorithm for two-dimensional dependent L´evy process --- p.22 / Chapter 3 --- Model Formulation for GMWB --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1 --- Financial Model for GMWB --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2 --- Underlying Fund of VA and the Interest Rate --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3 --- A Special Case of Deterministic Interest Rate --- p.34 / Chapter 4 --- Numerical Implementation --- p.38 / Chapter 4.1 --- The Clayton L´evy Copula --- p.39 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Underlying Fund and the Interest Rate Processes --- p.42 / Chapter 4.3 --- Kendall’s Tau Coefficient --- p.47 / Chapter 4.4 --- The GMWB Option Value --- p.49 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Control Variate for Simulation --- p.49 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Simulation Results --- p.51 / Chapter 4.5 --- Deterministic Interest Rate --- p.52 / Chapter 5 --- GMWB Pricing Behavior --- p.56 / Chapter 5.1 --- L´evy model for the underlying fund --- p.57 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- The Skewness --- p.57 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- The Kurtosis --- p.65 / Chapter 5.2 --- The Vasiček model driven by L´evy process --- p.73 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- The Volatility Parameter ôV --- p.73 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- The Mean Reverting Parameter aV --- p.77 / Chapter 5.3 --- Dependence between the underlying fund and rate processes --- p.81 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- The jump direction dependence parameter n{U+1D9C} --- p.83 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- The jump magnitude dependence parameter θ{U+1D9C} --- p.90 / Chapter 6 --- GMWB for Life --- p.96 / Chapter 6.1 --- Model Formulation --- p.98 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Mortality model --- p.99 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Financial Model for GLWB --- p.101 / Chapter 6.2 --- GLWB product from John Hancock --- p.103 / Chapter 6.3 --- GLWB Pricing Behavior --- p.104 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- The correlation effect --- p.106 / Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.108 / A Proofs --- p.113 / Chapter A.1 --- Proof of Equation 3.1 --- p.113 / Chapter A.2 --- Proof of Equation 3.3 --- p.114 / Bibliography --- p.115

by Wong Leung-Chung Chris. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-[92]). / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Routing Overview --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- Routing in the Internet --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Inter-Domain Routing --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Intra-Domain Routing --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- The Future Trend --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Inter-Domain Routing --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Inter-Domain Routing Protocols --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Inter-Domain Policy Routing (IDPR) --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Other Protocols --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- The Need for Pricing on Inter-Domain Routing Protocols --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3 --- Pricing Scheme on the Inter-Domain level --- p.15 / Chapter 2.4 --- Routing Protocols to Support Pricing on the Internet --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Routing Towards Multiple-Additive Metrics --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- "Network Model, Notations and Assumptions" --- p.16 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- The Problem Statement --- p.18 / Chapter 3 --- Application of Neural Nets in Route Selection --- p.20 / Chapter 3.1 --- Neural Network (NN) Overview --- p.20 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Brief History on Neural Network Research --- p.20 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Definition of Neural Network --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Neural Network Architectures --- p.22 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Transfer Fucntion of a Neuron --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- Learning Methods --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- Applications in Telecommunications --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2 --- Review on the Applications of Neural Networks in Packet Routing --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- The JEB Branch --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- The Hopfield/Energy Minimization Branch (HEM) --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Supervised Learning (SL) --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3 --- Discussions --- p.35 / Chapter 4 --- Route Selection as “Link-state´ح Classification --- p.36 / Chapter 4.1 --- Multi-Layer Feedforward Network (MLFN) --- p.37 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Function Approximation Power of MLFN --- p.38 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Choosing MLFN parameters..........´ب --- p.40 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Trailing a MLFN --- p.41 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Utility Function --- p.43 / Chapter 4.3 --- The Neural Network Architecture --- p.46 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Routing Graph Representation with Successor Sequence Table (SST) --- p.46 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- The Neural Network Layout --- p.52 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- How the Neural Network Controller Works --- p.55 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Training --- p.56 / Chapter 4.4 --- Simulation --- p.56 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Performance Parameters --- p.56 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Simulation Results --- p.57 / Chapter 4.5 --- Conclusions and Discussions --- p.70 / Chapter 5 --- Route Selection as Energy Minimization - A Theoretical Study --- p.73 / Chapter 5.1 --- The Hopfield/Tank NN Model --- p.73 / Chapter 5.2 --- Boltzman's Machine --- p.76 / Chapter 5.3 --- Boltzman's Machine Model for Multiple-Metrices Routing --- p.79 / Chapter 5.4 --- Conclusions --- p.82 / Chapter 6 --- Conclusions --- p.84 / Bibliography --- p.86

Yu Lian. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-84). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.4 / Chapter 3 --- An Index Tracking Model with Downside Chance Risk Mea- sure --- p.12 / Chapter 3.1 --- Statement of the Model --- p.13 / Chapter 3.2 --- Efficient Frontier --- p.16 / Chapter 3.3 --- Application of the Downside Chance Index Tracking Model --- p.29 / Chapter 3.4 --- Chapter Summary --- p.34 / Chapter 4 --- Index Tracking Models with High Order Moment Downside Risk Measure --- p.35 / Chapter 4.1 --- Statement of the Models --- p.35 / Chapter 4.2 --- Mean-Downside Deviation Financial Index Tracking Model --- p.38 / Chapter 4.3 --- Chapter Summary --- p.45 / Chapter 5 --- Numerical Analysis --- p.45 / Chapter 5.1 --- Data Analysis --- p.45 / Chapter 5.2 --- Experiment Description and Discussion --- p.48 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Efficient Frontiers --- p.48 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Monthly Expected Rate of Return --- p.50 / Chapter 5.3 --- Chapter Summary --- p.52 / Chapter 6 --- Summary --- p.54 / Chapter A --- List of Companies --- p.57 / Chapter B --- Graphical Result of Section 5.2.1 --- p.61 / Chapter C --- Graphical Result of Section 5.2.2 --- p.67 / Chapter D --- Proof in Chapter 3 and Chapter4 --- p.73 / Bibliography --- p.81

The master thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and deals with the development of tourism, business strategy in hotel trade and marketing mix. The second part is practical and is focused on the analysis of business strategy of Smaragd Hotel. Within the business strategy strengths and weaknesses of the hotel, competition, income and expenses, and marketing mix are analyzed. Based on the analysis, possible solutions of the future development of the hotel are proposed.

Este trabalho propõe uma metodologia para evidenciar o efeito da cumulatividade de tributos no preço de venda de um produto ao longo da cadeia produtiva. Foi apresentado um panorama sobre o setor coureiro no Brasil, com o objetivo de identificar os estágios mais relevantes de um segmento da produção do couro e mensurar o efeito da cumulatividade da COFINS que ocorre nesse segmento. Os procedimentos da metodologia contemplam a demonstração do encadeamento do efeito cascata do tributo em cada um dos estágios, mensurando a taxa de majoração do preço de venda do couro que acontece de um agente e o seguinte do segmento. Por meio da metodologia sugerida, foi possível evidenciar que em cada estágio do segmento da cadeia produtiva do couro (produtor, abatedouro, curtume, indústria de artefatos de couro) as taxas de majoração do preço de venda foram 4,27%, 5,56%, 5,23% e 4,97%, respectivamente. A metodologia evidencia, também, que o percentual de 7,91% do preço de venda no último estágio do segmento considerado representa o valor do tributo nele incorporado. Não obstante estes percentuais serem válidos somente para os valores dos preços de cada estágio ilustrados no exemplo deste estudo, a metodologia poderá ser utilizada para apurar os percentuais de outros estágios e segmentos. / This work suggests a methodology to disclosure effects of the cumulative taxes on the selling prices along the supply chain. We presented a panorama about the leather production segment in Brasil aiming to identify the main phases of the leather production process by measuring the effects of COFINS taxation that occurs in the segment. The methodological procedures adopted here allow us to verify the cumulative taxation in each referred phase by measuring the rate of in crease of the leather selling prices which occurs from one element to the following one of the supply chain, Through the methodology suggested we achieved to demonstrate that in each of the leather production phase (producer, slaughter, tannery, leather company) the increasing rates of selling prices was 4,27%, 5,56%, 5,23% and 4,97%, respectively. The method also indicates that the increasing rate of 7,91% on the selling prices relatives to the last phase correspond to the amount of tax added to the product. Though these percentage are valid only for these example utilized in this work, we conclude that this methodology applies to other cases and segments.

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender a relação entre as características intrínsecas e extrínsecas dos calçados sociais masculinos e o seu preço de varejo no município de São Paulo. Para isso, o trabalho utiliza a teoria dos atributos proposta por Lancaster (1966) e o método de preços hedônicos de Rosen (1974). Para a precificação dos atributos intrínsecos e extrínsecos dos calçados sociais masculinos foi desenvolvido um modelo de regressão múltipla com variáveis dummy para identificação e precificação dos atributos mais importantes na composição dos preços oferecidos ao consumidor final. O banco de dados da pesquisa foi composto por 1.120 observações, levantadas no período entre 20 de junho e 21 de novembro de 2015, envolvendo 21 lojas e redes de lojas, todas localizadas no município de São Paulo. Dentre as diversas formas funcionais utilizadas (linear, semilogarítimica e dupla logarítmica), escolheu-se a forma linear (LIN-LIN) que forneceu um poder de explicação para o modelo (R2) de 80%. Os resultados encontrados indicam que a principal variável presente foi o acabamento do couro em cromo alemão, cujo preço implícito, quando esse tipo de couro é utilizado na fabricação do calçado, impacta o preço de varejo em R$ 593,92. Outros itens que também são bastante significativos para a formação do preço final de varejo dos calçados sociais masculinos, quando presentes, pertencem a cinco variáveis. A primeira classifica os distritos municipais de São Paulo em populares ou nobres, e reduz o preço em R$ 75,05, quando o distrito é popular. A segunda refere-se ao tipo de solado; no caso de borracha, também diminui o preço final em R$ 77,83. As regiões Sul, Norte e Central impactam negativamente o preço final do calçado em R$ 63,40, R$ 44,77 e R$ 18,09, respectivamente. Também foi encontrado que o preço básico dos calçados sociais masculinos situa-se em R$ 318,56 (valor da constante). A pesquisa corroborou a aplicabilidade do método dos preços hedônicos para precificar os atributos existentes em calçados sociais masculinos / This research seeks to understand the link between intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of men´s formal shoes and its retail price in São Paulo. To achieve this goal, it applies the theory of attributes proposed by Lancaster (1966) and the hedonic method proposed by Rosen (1974). For the evaluation of prices for the intrinsic and extrinsic attributes of men´s formal shoes, it was developed a multiple regression model, with dummy variables linked to the most important attributes of these shoes . The research database consists of 1,120 observations gathered between June 20 and November 21, 2015, which involved 21 stores and chain stores, all located in São Paulo. Among the various functional forms generally used for regressions (linear, semi logarithmic and double logarithmic), the linear (LIN-LIN) was chosen, because it provided an explanatory power of 80% to the model (R2). The results also indicate that the main variable found was the use of German chrome at the leather finishing, whose implicit price (when this type of leather finishing is used in the manufacture of male footwear) impacts the retail price in the amount of R$ 593,92. Other factors that are also quite significant for the formation of the final retail price of men´s formal shoes, when present, are the five following variables. The first one divides the municipal districts of São Paulo in popular or affluent, and leads to a price reduction of R$ 75.05 when the district is popular. The second type refers to the outsole; if rubber is used it also decreases the final cost in R$ 77,83. São Paulo´s South ,North and Central regions negatively impact the final price of footwear in R$ 63,40, R$ 44,77 and R$ 18,09, respectively. Yet, it was concluded that the base price for men´s formal footwear is R$ 318,56 (constant value of the regression line). Finally, the survey corroborates the applicability of the method of hedonic pricing to attributes in men´s formal shoes.

Lam, Yim Hung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 40). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- Terminology --- p.4 / Chapter 3. --- Literature Review --- p.4 / Chapter 4. --- The Model --- p.13 / Chapter 5. --- Main Results --- p.18 / Chapter 6. --- Extensions / Chapter 6.1 --- Market with informed speculators and uninformed speculators --- p.26 / Chapter 6.2 --- "Market with informed speculators, uninformed speculators and noise traders" --- p.33 / Chapter 7. --- Conclusion --- p.36 / Appendix --- p.37 / References --- p.40

Cheung, Yang. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-89). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgement --- p.iv / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 2 --- Related Works --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Pricing Mechanisms --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Current Situation --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Proposed Pricing Mechanisms --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Congestion Pricing --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Bandwidth Allocation Mechanism --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2 --- Revenue Distribution Mechanisms --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Current Situation --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Novel Revenue Distribution Mechanisms --- p.13 / Chapter 3 --- Problems in Revenue Collecting Stage --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Desirable Characteristics of Internet Pricing Mechanism --- p.19 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Existing Solution --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Applying Insurance into Internet Pricing --- p.22 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Internet Pricing Model --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- System Model --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Decisions Time Scales --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Micro Time Scale Pricing --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Macro Time Scale Pricing --- p.29 / Chapter 3.3 --- Actuarially Fair Coinsurance Function --- p.30 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- The Actuarially Fair Coinsurance Function --- p.32 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Properties of the Actuarially Fair Coinsurance Function --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- How Much Insurance Should a User Buy? --- p.35 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Numerical Examples --- p.37 / Chapter 3.4 --- Premium Coinsurance Function --- p.40 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Problems of Allowing Pull Insurance --- p.41 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- The Premium Coinsurance Function --- p.43 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Properties of the premium coinsurance function --- p.44 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Numerical Example --- p.46 / Chapter 4 --- Problems in Revenue Distributing Stage --- p.48 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.50 / Chapter 4.2 --- System Models --- p.52 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Topology Model --- p.52 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Traffic Model --- p.54 / Chapter 4.3 --- Settlement Model and Definition of Fair Price --- p.55 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Bilateral Settlement --- p.55 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Shapley Settlement --- p.58 / Chapter 4.4 --- Fair Price Achieving the Shapley Value: The Symmetric Case --- p.61 / Chapter 4.5 --- Properties of the Fair Prices in the Symmetric Case --- p.65 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Sensitivity to traffic pattern α --- p.65 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Sensitivity to network topology parame- ters p and d --- p.67 / Chapter 4.6 --- Fair Price Achieving the Shapley Value: The Asym- metric Case --- p.70 / Chapter 4.7 --- Distributed and Local Approximation of the Fair Price --- p.71 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusions --- p.74 / Chapter A --- Mathematical Proofs --- p.77 / Chapter A.l --- Mathematical Proof for Chapter 3 --- p.77 / Chapter A.1.1 --- Proof of Theorem 3.3.2 --- p.77 / Chapter A.1.2 --- Proof of Proposition 3.3.5 --- p.77 / Chapter A.1.3 --- Proof of Proposition 3.3.6 --- p.78 / Chapter A.1.4 --- Proof of Proposition 3.3.7 --- p.78 / Chapter A.1.5 --- Proof of Proposition 3.4.1 --- p.79 / Chapter A.1.6 --- Proof of Proposition 3.4.3 --- p.79 / Chapter A.1.7 --- Proof of Proposition 3.4.5 --- p.80 / Chapter A.2 --- Mathematical Proof for Chapter 4 --- p.81 / Chapter A.2.1 --- Proof of Theorem 4.4.2 --- p.81 / Chapter A.2.2 --- Proof of Theorem (4.6.1) --- p.83 / Chapter A.2.3 --- Terms Description of Equation (4.1) --- p.84 / Bibliography --- p.85