Globally tobacco use and exposure to tobacco smoke represent some of the greatest risk factors for mortality. Best practice guidelines and standards of practice support nurses' provision of smoking cessation interventions. Nurses employed in primary health care settings interact with large numbers of people who smoke, and have the potential to significantly reduce tobacco use in the population. Evidence shows that nurses do not consistently implement smoking cessation interventions. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to describe nurses' perceptions of factors that influence their intentions related to providing smoking cessation interventions in primary health care settings. A conceptual framework derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior and relevant empirical literature guided the study. A questionnaire measuring the concepts of interest was mailed to a random sample of Registered Nurses and Nurse Practitioners in Ontario. Responses of 237 eligible participants were available for analysis. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the hypothesized relationships between nurses' attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control, and their intention to implement smoking cessation interventions, and the association between intention and practice related to smoking cessation. The Theory of Planned Behavior concepts explained up to 48.5% of variance in behavioural intention. Perceived behavioural control was most strongly associated with intention to provide smoking cessation interventions. Behavioural intention was correlated with smoking cessation practice. Analysis of responses to open-ended questions identified factors that facilitated (wish to improve patients' health, organizational support, access to resources, a perception of patient readiness to quit, and training in smoking cessation) and hindered (lack of time, lack of patient readiness, lack of support and resources, and lack of knowledge) nurses' provision of smoking cessation interventions. Overall, the study results suggest that nursing intention to engage in smoking cessation practices in primary health care settings was associated with organizational factors. Further research is required to explore how primary health care organizations can support nurses so that they fully realize their role in reducing the impact of tobacco use on the health of the people in Ontario.

Globally tobacco use and exposure to tobacco smoke represent some of the greatest risk factors for mortality. Best practice guidelines and standards of practice support nurses' provision of smoking cessation interventions. Nurses employed in primary health care settings interact with large numbers of people who smoke, and have the potential to significantly reduce tobacco use in the population. Evidence shows that nurses do not consistently implement smoking cessation interventions. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to describe nurses' perceptions of factors that influence their intentions related to providing smoking cessation interventions in primary health care settings. A conceptual framework derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior and relevant empirical literature guided the study. A questionnaire measuring the concepts of interest was mailed to a random sample of Registered Nurses and Nurse Practitioners in Ontario. Responses of 237 eligible participants were available for analysis. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the hypothesized relationships between nurses' attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control, and their intention to implement smoking cessation interventions, and the association between intention and practice related to smoking cessation. The Theory of Planned Behavior concepts explained up to 48.5% of variance in behavioural intention. Perceived behavioural control was most strongly associated with intention to provide smoking cessation interventions. Behavioural intention was correlated with smoking cessation practice. Analysis of responses to open-ended questions identified factors that facilitated (wish to improve patients' health, organizational support, access to resources, a perception of patient readiness to quit, and training in smoking cessation) and hindered (lack of time, lack of patient readiness, lack of support and resources, and lack of knowledge) nurses' provision of smoking cessation interventions. Overall, the study results suggest that nursing intention to engage in smoking cessation practices in primary health care settings was associated with organizational factors. Further research is required to explore how primary health care organizations can support nurses so that they fully realize their role in reducing the impact of tobacco use on the health of the people in Ontario.

Thesis (MCur(Advanced Community Nursing)--Faculty of Health Sciences)-University of Pretoria, 2008. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Thesis (MCur.(Advanced Community Nursing)--Faculty of Health Sciences)-University of Pretoria, 2008. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references.

Tuberculosis is one of the major health tragedies facing South Africa. It is estimated that nearly two-thirds of the population of the country are infected with the tuberculosis bacterium and 160 000 South Africans from all walks of life become ill with tuberculosis every year (Department of Health, 1997: 4). An innovative approach is needed to fight the problem of tuberculosis. In view of the important role played by primary health care nurses with regard to the care of patients with tuberculosis, the overall aim of the study is to contribute to an improvement of tuberculosis patient care, inter alia, by attending to the problems pertaining to the provision of tuberculosis patient care at the government clinics in the Qwa-Qwa district of the Free State. The study attempts to describe the difficulties that primary health care nurses at the government clinics in Qwa-Qwa experience in the provision of tuberculosis patient care, and how their attitudes towards patients affect their service. The nurses need to be informed about how their attitudes influence their service. The perceptions of primary health care nurses in this matter are ascertained to assess their personal experience in their routine care of tuberculosis patients. The results of this research study indicate the following obstacles for primary health care nurses to render effective tuberculosis patient care at the government clinics in Qwa-Qwa: · Lack of knowledge, training and skills amongst some of the nurses in the treatment of tuberculosis, · Poor access to tuberculosis information, which include the procedures that protect nurses from tuberculosis infection; · Poor management system for nurses in tuberculosis patient care; · Lack of key health resources related to tuberculosis treatment; · Fear of the consequences of contracting tuberculosis by some of the nurses, and; · Negative attitudes of some nurses towards tuberculosis patients as well as towards their work. / Dissertation (MA (Sociology))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Sociology / unrestricted

WHO rekommenderar exklusiv amning i sex månader och därefter delamning i två år eller längre. Amning och bröstmjölk har flera hälsofördelar för både mamma och barn. Amningsfrekvensen har minskat både globalt och i Sverige de senaste åren. Stöd vid amning har en positiv inverkan på amningen. Tidigare forskning har visat att mammor avslutar amningen tidigare än önskat och att distriktssköterskan har en betydelsefull roll i att stödja, främja och skydda amning. Därav är det angeläget att få ökad förståelse kring fenomenet och få mer kunskap om distriktssköterskors upplevelser. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva distriktssköterskors upplevelser av att ge amningsstöd inom barnhälsovården. En kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats användes där distriktssköterskor intervjuades. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med åtta distriktssköterskor. Datamaterialet analyserades enligt innehållsanalys och två generiska kategorier framträdde Förmåga att identifiera individuella förutsättningar och behov och Förmåga att ge amningsstöd påverkas av olika förutsättningar. Resultatet visar att distriktssköterskorna upplever att de ger mammorna ett individuellt professionellt amningsstöd. I diskussionen framkom att ge amningsstöd är mångdimensionellt. Diskussion fördes kring betydelsen av att involvera medförälder, att ge amningsstöd vid hembesök samt ett gemensamt amningsstöd i hela vårdkedjan. Vidare diskuterades vikten av vårdande relation. Genom ett holistiskt förhållningssätt kan distriktssköterskan ge ett professionellt amningsstöd med utgångspunkt ur mammans och familjens livsvärld. Resultatet av studien kan vara av värde för vidare reflektion hos distriktssköterskor inom barnhälsovården. / WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for six months and then partial breastfeeding for two years or more. Breastfeeding and human milk have several health benefits for both mother and child. Breastfeeding has decreased both globally and in Sweden in recent years. Breastfeeding support has a positive impact on breastfeeding. Previous research has shown an earlier cessation of breastfeeding by mothers than desired and that the primary health care nurse has an important role in supporting, promoting and protecting breastfeeding. Hence, it is important to obtain an increased understanding of the phenomenon and gain more knowledge about the experiences of primary health care nurses. The aim of this study is to describe primary health care nurses' experiences of providing breastfeeding support in child health care. A qualitative method with an inductive approach was used where primary health care nurses were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight primary health care nurses. The data material was analyzed according to content analysis and two generic categories emerged. Ability to identify individual conditions and needs and Ability to provide breastfeeding support are affected by different conditions. The results show that the primary health care nurses feel that they provide an individual professional breastfeeding support. In the discussion, it emerged that providing breastfeeding support is multidimensional. Using a holistic approach, the primary health care nurse can provide professional breastfeeding support based on the life world of the mother and the family. This knowledge can be of value for further reflection by district nurses in child health care.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Nursing Science)) -- University of Limpopo, 2017 / The aim of this study was to develop a model to ensure the integration of Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) services in the Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities of Limpopo Province. An explanatory sequential mixed method was used in this study to develop a model for ensuring the integration of TB and HIV services in the PHC facilities of the Limpopo Province. The researcher collected quantitative data followed by qualitative data. Quantitative data was collected through administration of questionnaires to 450 PHC nurses in the five districts of Limpopo Province. The qualitative data was collected by conducting focus group discussions to five groups of Community Home Based Carers (CHBCs) and five groups of TB/HIV co-infected patients in the five districts of Limpopo Province. Audiotape and field notes were used to capture verbal and non-verbal cues. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer programme version 22.0 was used for capturing and analysis of the quantitative data. Content analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data from the CHBCs and the TB and HIV co-infected patients’ focus group discussions. The study revealed lack of knowledge and skills on TB and HIV management due to insufficient training of PHC nurses about TB and HIV management. Staff shortage of PHC nurses in the facilities was also indicated by PHC nurses. Furthermore, TB and HIV coinfected patients are faced with challenges in the PHC facilities and in the community. Challenges that are faced by CHBCs and the TB and HIV co-infected patients include negative attitudes of some clinic staff members towards them. The patients’ families also have some negative attitudes towards the CHBCs as they leave the patients to them without assisting them in the caring duties. The community members also has negative attitudes as they do not accept the CHBCs in their homes to support the patients. Based on the results, a model was developed to ensure the integration of TB and HIV services. The model was validated by PHC nurses and the experts in research and model development. The validation results showed that the model was clear and simple to be used in the PHC facilities for integration of TB and HIV services. The study recommends that the model should be used by PHC facilities for integration of TB and HIV services. The PHC nurses should attend TB and HIV capacity-building courses.