Thesis (Ph.D.)--Victoria University of Wellington, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.Sc.). / Written for the Faculty of Dentistry, [Dept. of Dental Sciences]. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2009/07/08). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: James Whyte IV, Florida State University, School of Nursing. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 30, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 52 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Edinburgh, 2005. / Includes bibliography (p. 323-332). Also available in print format.

Thesis (M. Communication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Tobakskonsumtion är ett folkhälsoproblem och tobaksförebyggande arbete är en viktig del i arbetet för att främja en hållbar utveckling. Distriktssjuksköterskor inom primärvården har en betydande roll i det hälsofrämjande och förebyggande arbetet inom tobaksavvänjning. Syftet var att belysa distriktssjuksköterskans hälsobefrämjande arbete vid tobaksavvänjning med inriktning på rökning. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats. Intervjuer genomfördes med nio distriktssjuksköterskor verksamma inom primärvården i tre olika kommuner i Västra Sverige. Intervjuerna spelades in på band och transkriberades sedan. Intervjuerna analyserades genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Intervjutexter strukturerades utifrån meningsbärande enheter, kondenserade meningsenheter, koder, underkategorier och kategorier. Resultatet har delats in i fyra huvudkategorier: Distriktssjuksköterskans roll, Förhållningssätt, Arbetssätt och Resurser. I resultatet framkommer att distriktssjuksköterskan utformar en behandlingsplan tillsammans med patienten, stöttar under processen och följer sedan upp patienten. Resultatet påvisar att distriktssjuksköterskorna har olika arbetssätt och olika förhållningssätt. Det är viktigt att anpassa hela behandlingen efter patientens förutsättningar för att uppnå bäst resultat. Nyckeln till en framgångsrik tobaksavvänjning är patientens motivationsnivå. För ett lyckosamt arbete inom tobaksavvänjning behövs resurser som exempelvis tid ses över och anpassas efter behov. Studien visar att utbildning i motiverande samtal är en angelägenhet för distriktssjuksköterskor som jobbar med livsstilsförändringar. All vårdpersonal inom vården bör motivera patienten till rökstopp. / Tobacco consumption is a public health problem and its prevention is an important part of the work to promote sustainable development. District nurses in primary health care have an important role in health-promotion and prevention work in tobacco cessation. The aim of the study is to highlight the role of the district nurse in tobacco cessation in primary care. The study has a qualitative approach. The interviews were conducted with nine district nurses who work in primary care in three municipalities in western Sweden. They were recorded on tape and then transcribed and analysed through qualitative content analysis. The interview texts were structured based on meaning units, condensed meaning units, codes, subcategories and categories. The results have been classified into four main categories: Role of the district nurse, Attitude, Method of working and Resources. The results show that the district nurse draws up a treatment plan together with the patient, provides support during the process and then follows up the patient. They also indicate that district nurses have different ways of working and different attitudes. To achieve the best results, it is important to adapt all the treatment to the conditions of the patient. The key to successful tobacco cessation is the motivational level of the patient. For successful work on tobacco cessation, resources such as, for example, time, need to be reviewed and adapted to the needs. The study shows that training in motivational interviewing is important for district nurses who work with lifestyle changes. All nursing staff in the care sector should motivate the patient to stop smoking.

Introduction Primary health care in South Africa is predominantly provided by clinics and Community Health Centres (CHC). These primary care facilities are situated in the community to ensure accessibility to care. 1 As part of ensuring quality planning, implementation and transformation of the health system, good knowledge of which cases are prevalent at our primary health facilities is important. Thus the rationale for this study as to know what are the reasons our patients come to our facilities and which diagnoses are made by the attending health care workers based on these reasons. Aim The aim of this study was to describe the spectrum of clinical and non-clinical problems encountered and the diagnoses made at our primary care facilities in the North West province of South Africa. Methods A prospective, cross-sectional survey at 19 Clinics and 5 Community Health Centres in 4 sub-districts of the Ngaka Modiri Molemma District of NW Province, South Africa. The International Classification of Primary Care-Version 2 (ICPC-2) was used to code data on selected days over a 10-month period from patients presenting at the participating clinics and community health centres. Results In total, 5082 patient encounters were recorded of which 3438 (67.7%) were females while 1644 ( 32.3%) were males. The category with highest reasons for encounter (RFE) was the general and unspecific component with 16.5% (n = 1202), followed by the respiratory component at 14.7% (n= 1066) and the cardiovascular component at 12.1% (n=882). The most common diagnoses were in the general component at 16.5% (n= 981) followed by cardiovascular at 16.0% (n= 951) and the respiratory component at 14.5% (n= 865). The average numbers of RFE was 1.4 per encounter among females and 1.5 amongst males. Diagnoses per encounter averaged 1.2 among females and males. Younger people under 40 years of age 67% (n = 3409) and females 68% (n = 3438) made up the majority of encounters. Conclusion Of all the health care facilities surveyed, there were mixtures of RFEs and various diagnoses of mixture of disease components. There were very few patients that came to the facilities for administrative purposes. Majority of the attendees were women. Collection of hypertension medication was the most common reason for encounter (RFE) with uncomplicated hypertension being the commonest diagnoses while psychosocial and problems related to male genitals were the least RFEs. There were more RFEs presented by patients than the diagnoses made by the attending HCWs. The ICPC-2 is a very user friendly tool that can be successfully utilised to monitor encounters and diagnoses at any health care facilities.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-13T14:50:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-03-06Bitstream added on 2014-08-13T18:00:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000756785.pdf: 1628896 bytes, checksum: f7152c6e0cca1ec856522ba8cc62eb75 (MD5) / Muitas escolas médicas no mundo têm buscado reorientar a formação profissional na expectativa de impactar na correção de alguns dos problemas da atual medicina tecnológica. Estas instituições têm sido estimuladas a transformarem-se na direção de um ensino que valorize a qualidade da assistência e a humanização das práticas. No Brasil após a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) as escolas médicas têm sido provocadas a adaptar-se às necessidades deste último. As diretrizes curriculares e o papel indutivo dos Ministérios da Saúde e Educação, mediante diferentes programas de apoio a reestruturação da formação profissional na saúde, foram um dos elementos de incentivo a tais processos de mudança. Dentre as estratégias propostas e adotadas está a exposição mais precoce dos estudantes de medicina à pacientes, familiares e comunidades. Nesta perspectiva, a Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, criou, em 2002, o Programa de Interação Universidade, Serviços e Comunidade, IUSC, dirigido aos alunos dos três primeiros anos de graduação médica, em cenários de ensino – aprendizagem junto à comunidade. Este estudo tomou como campo a disciplina IUSC III ministrada aos alunos do 3º ano médico que tem como atividade principal a realização de consulta médica supervisionada e orientada pelas concepções de humanização e integralidade. A disciplina tem como uma de suas estratégias de avaliação, o registro pelo aluno das atividades realizadas, com suas dificuldades, facilidades e reflexões, em diário de campo. Tendo este diário do aluno como fonte documental, esta investigação buscou compreender as vivências e percepções dos alunos sobre a disciplina, identificar, descrever e analisar os principais temas tratados e, por fim, analisar o diário como potencial instrumento de avaliação formativa do aluno. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, documental, esta investigação buscou ... / Many medical schools worldwide have sought to redirect professional education with the purpose to cause an impact on the correction of some of the problems in the current technological medicine. These institutions have been encouraged to change towards teaching procedures that will value care provision quality and the humanization of practices. In Brazil, after the creation of the Unified Public Health System (SUS), medical schools have been provoked to adapt to the needs of the system. Curricular guidelines and the inductive role played by the Ministries of Health and Education, in face of different programs for support to the restructuration of professional education in health care, were some of the elements of support to such processes of change. Among the strategies proposed and adopted is the earlier exposure of medical students to patients, patients’ relatives and communities. In this perspective, in 2002, the Botucatu School of Medicine created the University, Services and Community Interaction Program (IUSC), which is managed by students attending the three first years of the Undergraduate Medical Program, in teaching-learning scenarios in the community. The field of this study was the IUSC III course taught to third-year students in the medical program. The main activity in this course is the performance of supervised medical consultation which is guided by the conceptualizations of humanization and integrality. One of the evaluation strategies in the course is the recording of the activities performed, including its difficult and easy aspects, as well as of reflections, on a field diary produced by students. By basing on such diary as a documental source, this investigation sought to understand students’ experiences and perceptions of the course, to identify, describe and analyze the main topics addressed and, finally, to analyze the diary as a potential instrument to evaluate students´education. It is a qualitative ...

Orientador: Vera Lucia Pamplona Tonete / Resumo: Introdução: as internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária - ICSAP são ocorrências que podem ser evitadas caso a Atenção Primária à Saúde exerça sua função corretamente, ou seja, realizando o tratamento de doenças agudas e o devido controle de doenças crônicas, sendo hospitalizados somente aqueles que necessitem de atenção especializada e de nível tecnológico avançado. Objetivo: elaborar material educativo sobre ICSAP para pais/responsáveis de crianças usuárias de unidades básicas de saúde, considerando as causas de internação mais prevalentes em hospital de referência de um município do interior paulista. Aspectos metodológicos: trata-se de pesquisa de abordagem mista, realizada em três etapas. Na primeira etapa, foi realizado um estudo observacional sobre as ICSAP de crianças no primeiro ano de vida, internadas em hospital público estadual de julho de 2015 a junho de 2016, com dados coletados dos seus prontuários. Para verificar a associação das condições mais prevalentes e variáveis explanatórias foi realizado teste quiquadrado ou Exato de Fisher, considerando-se o valor de p<0,05 para nível de significância, com cálculo de Odds Ration e respectivos intervalos de confiança. Para realizar as análises foi empregado o programa Epinfo, versão 7.2.2.2. A segunda etapa foi realizada no primeiro semestre de 2017, quando foram entrevistadas mães/responsáveis de crianças internadas por CSAP sobre suas concepções e experiências quanto à atenção à saúde de seus filhos pela... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction: the hospitalizations for conditions sensitive to primary care - ICSAP are occurrences that can be avoided if Primary Health Care performs its function properly, that is, performing treatment of acute diseases and due control of chronic diseases, and hospitalized only those that require specialized attention and advanced technological level. Objective: to elaborate educational material on ICSAP for parents / guardians of children using basic health units, considering the most prevalent causes of hospitalization in a referral hospital in a city in the state of São Paulo. Methodological aspects: this is a mixed approach research, carried out in three stages. In the first stage, an observational study on the ICSAP of children in the first year of life was carried out, hospitalized in a state public hospital from July 2015 to June 2016, with data collected from their charts. To verify the association of the most prevalent conditions and explanatory variables, a chi-square or Fisher's exact test was performed, considering the value of p <0.05 for level of significance, with Odds Ration calculation and respective confidence intervals. Epinfo, version 7.2.2.2 was used to perform the analyzes. The second stage was carried out in the first semester of 2017, when mothers / guardians of children hospitalized by CSAP were interviewed about their conceptions and experiences regarding the health care of their children by the basic health units. The statements were analyzed acc... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:47:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2424042 bytes, checksum: c596305ec2a921677ea1cd88f9d05421 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) affects approximately one third of individuals worldwide and is considered one of the diseases more common in the Brazilian population. Due to its high prevalence, hypertension is seen as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the control of blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive accompanied (1 year, 2 years and 3 years) by the Family Health Teams (FHS) of João Pessoa (JP) and Campina Grande (CG) during the period 2009-2011. This was an observational, retrospective population-based cohort. The BP control was assessed by comparing the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of hypertensive PAs grouped by follow-up time in years, by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). In another step the perception and knowledge of hypertensive (followed by three years in the city of JP) on the disease and treatment, using a qualitative approach based on the analysis of the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) was evaluated. In monitoring groups and the two counties there was a profile of hypertensive women, elderly, white or brown, low schooling, retired with uncontrolled blood pressure. No significant differences between the mean systolic and diastolic APs for hypertensive municipalities JP and CG was observed, as well as no differences were found between the means of monitoring groups in years. Statistical evidence (p-value 0.0062) that the follow-up time is related to blood pressure levels were found. The analyzes suggest that the longer follow-up by the user, the less discrepancy (pressure levels) between control and no control of the PA. In the qualitative phase was observed on reasonable knowledge of hypertensive disease, the treatment and control forms. Despite efforts by the government and health teams, it was found that the control of blood pressure levels, and as a consequence, the reduction of morbidity and mortality have not yet reached adequate levels. Alert to the need to review and change in the tracking system of hypertensive as recommended by the Ministry of Health transcends easier access to the drug, ie to seek an effective follow-up treatment, prevention and control of complications associated with SAH. / A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) afeta aproximadamente um terço dos indivíduos em todo o mundo e é considerada uma das doenças mais presentes na população brasileira. Devido a sua alta prevalência, a HAS é vista como principal fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. O objetivo principal do estudo foi avaliar o controle da pressão arterial (PA) em hipertensos acompanhados (1 ano, 2 anos e 3 anos) pelas Equipes de Saúde da Família (ESFs) dos municípios de João Pessoa (JP) e Campina Grande (CG) durante o período de 2009 a 2011. Tratou-se de um estudo observacional, de coorte retrospectiva e de base populacional. O controle da PA foi avaliado por meio da comparação das médias das PAs sistólicas e diastólicas dos hipertensos agrupados por tempo de acompanhamento em anos, através da Análise de Variância (ANOVA) e Análise de Covariância (ANCOVA). Em outra etapa foi avaliada a percepção e o conhecimento dos hipertensos (acompanhados por três anos no município de JP) sobre a doença e o tratamento, utilizando-se da abordagem qualitativa a partir da análise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Nos grupos de acompanhamento e para os dois municípios observou-se um perfil de hipertensos do sexo feminino, idosos, brancos ou pardos, de baixa escolaridade, aposentados, com níveis pressóricos não controlados. Observou-se que não existem diferenças significativas entre as médias das PAs sistólicas e diastólicas para os hipertensos dos municípios de JP e CG, como também não foram encontradas diferenças entre as médias dos grupos de acompanhamento em anos. Foram encontradas evidências estatísticas (p-valor 0,0062) de que o tempo de acompanhamento tem relação com os níveis pressóricos. As análises sugerem que quanto maior o tempo de acompanhamento pelo usuário, menor a discrepância (dos níveis pressóricos) entre o controle e não controle da PA. Na etapa qualitativa observou-se razoável conhecimento dos hipertensos sobre a doença, o tratamento e as formas de controle. Apesar dos esforços do governo e das equipes de saúde, verificou-se que o controle dos níveis pressóricos, e como consequência, a redução da morbimortalidade ainda não atingiram patamares adequados. Alerta-se para a necessidade de avaliação e alterações no sistema de acompanhamento dos hipertensos já que o preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde transcende a facilitação do acesso ao medicamento, ou seja, buscar um acompanhamento efetivo do tratamento, prevenção e controle de complicações associadas a HAS.