Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1973.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1973.

Orientadores: Wu Feng Chung, Huei Diana Lee / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T17:40:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Machado_RenatoBobsin_D.pdf: 21928006 bytes, checksum: efd4a25c4c6dd6e8c6a3f4f4426de95c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A área computacional aplicada à medicina tem contribuído para aumentar a eficiência no armazenamento, na transmissão e na análise de dados referentes aos pacientes e, consequentemente, na precisão do diagnóstico. Nesse contexto, para ampliar ainda mais estas ações, tornam-se essenciais a formação e a consolidação de redes integradas e colaborativas de apoio à área médica à distância. Outro aspecto fundamental que deve ser considerado no trato de informações pertencentes aos pacientes e profissionais médicos é a segurança, contemplando critérios como integridade, confidencialidade e autenticidade dessas informações. Neste trabalho, desenvolveu-se um método original em telemedicina para o acompanhamento e a interação remota entre especialistas da área médica, em tempo real, durante a realização de exames videocolonoscópicos. Para a proteção de dados e para a transmissão segura e eficiente das informações referentes aos pacientes e aos exames, propôs-se um método de segurança específico. Esses métodos foram implementados em um sistema computacional aplicando tecnologia Web e ferramentas open source. Para aferir o desempenho desse sistema, avaliou-se a taxa Quadros por Segundo (QPS) durante a transmissão de vídeos sem compactação. Este processo se deu em dois ambientes distintos, com diferentes resoluções, sendo o primeiro caracterizado apenas pela rede local e, o segundo, pela rede local juntamente com a Internet, simulando ambientes reais de aplicação do método proposto. As análises dos resultados desse trabalho permitiram concluir que: 1. O método proposto, implementado no sistema computacional, cumpre os requisitos estabelecidos para transmissão de dados, segurança de informações e interação em tempo real entre os usuários; 2. O método proposto é aplicável para a realização de procedimentos videocolonoscópicos, em redes locais e na Internet. 3. O método de segurança definido neste trabalho prove privacidade para a transmissão de dados, de vídeos e de imagens, assim como para a interação entre os participantes locais e remotos / Abstract: Computational methods and tools applied to medicine have contributed to increase efficiency in storage, transmission and analysis of data related to patients and, consequently, the accuracy of diagnoses. In this context, to further expand these actions, it became essential the creation and consolidation of integrated and collaborative networks to support the medical area. Another fundamental aspect which must be considered in dealing with information about patients and medical professionals is security, considering criteria such as integrity, confidentiality and authenticity of this information. In this work, we have developed an original telemedicine method for monitoring and remotely interaction among medical experts, in real time, during the performance of video-colonoscopic procedures. For data protection, secure transmission and efficient use of information related to patients and their examinations, we have proposed a specific security method. Both methods were implemented in a computing system by applying Web technology and open source tools. In order to assess the performance of this system, we have evaluated the transmission rate in frames per second (FPS) during the streaming of an uncompressed video. We performed our experiments simulating real environments in two different scenarios with distinct resolutions, one being characterized only by the local network and the second considering the local network and the Internet. The analysis of the results has shown that: (1) the proposed method, implemented in the computational system, meets the requirements for data transmission, information security and real-time interaction among the users; (2) the proposed method is applicable for performing video-colonoscopic procedures, via local networks and the Internet, and; (3) the security method built for this system provides privacy during the transmission of the data, video and images, as well as the interaction between the local and remote participants / Doutorado / Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica / Doutor em Ciências

Please read the abstract in the section front of this document / Dissertation (MSc (Mathematical Statistics))--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Statistics / unrestricted

The overall aim of the present thesis was to study aspects of patient safety in critically ill patients with special focus on airway management, respiratory complications and nursing procedures. Study I describes a method called pharyngeal oxygen administration during intubation in an experimental acute lung injury model. The study showed that pharyngeal oxygenation prevented or considerably increased the time to life-threatening hypoxemia at shunt fractions by at least up to 25% and that this technique could be implemented in airway algorithms for the intubation of hypoxemic patients. In study II, we investigated short-term disconnection of the expiratory circuit from the ventilator during filter exchange in critically ill patients. We demonstrated that when using pressure modes in the ventilator, there was no indication of any significant deterioration in the patient's lung function. A bench test suggests that this result is explained by auto-triggering with high inspiratory flows during the filter exchange, maintaining the airway pressure. Study III was a clinical observational study of critically ill patients in which adverse events were studied in connection with routine nursing procedures. We found that adverse events were common, not well documented, and potentially harmful, indicating that it is important to weigh the risks and benefits of routine nursing when caring for unstable, critically ill patients. In study IV, we conducted a retrospective database study in patients with pelvis fractures treated in the intensive care unit. We found that the incidence of respiratory failure was high, that the procedure involved in surgical stabilization affected the respiratory status in patients with lung contusion, and that the mortality was low and probably not influenced by the respiratory condition. In conclusion, the results obtained in the present thesis have increase our knowledge in important areas in the most severely ill patients and have underlined the need for improvements in the field of patient safety.

36 pp. / The Arizona 4-H Volunteer Handbook has been designed to guide the volunteer 4-H leader along the way toward developing a successful 4-H club and will help them to become effective 4-H volunteers. The handbook contains information regarding 4-H structure, 4-H policies and procedures and practical information for working with youth and 4-H families.

Class of 2010 Abstract / OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this project was to analyze the accuracy of season two, episodes 13-­‐24 of the popular medical drama, House, MD. METHODS: This study was a descriptive retrospective analysis of the second half of season two of House, MD. The accuracy of the presenting signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment in each episode was rated on a scale of one to four. A rating of one described a correct and usual representation. A rating of two described a correct but somewhat unusual representation. A rating of three described a correct but extremely unusual representation. A rating of four described an incorrect representation. Each researcher independently rated the episodes, and then a collaborative rating was agreed upon by all researchers. RESULTS: Results of the ANOVA test demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the three dependent variables (p=0.003). The Tukey post-­‐hoc test confirmed a significant difference between the accuracy of treatment when compared with signs and symptoms (p=0.003), and with diagnosis (p=0.022). The average rating for the treatment variable was 1.50 (±0.707), whereas the average ratings for the signs and symptoms and diagnosis variables were 2.80 (±0.919) and 2.50 (±0.707), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The treatments presented in the last twelve episodes of season two of House, MD were more accurate than both the presenting signs and symptoms and the diagnosis.

Class of 2009 Abstract / OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this work was to quantify the magnitude of factual inaccuracies in the first twelve episodes of the second season of the medical drama, House, MD. METHODS: This study was a descriptive retrospective evaluation of the first twelve episodes in the second season of the popular television show, House, MD. The degree of accuracy of the signs and symptoms (presentation), diagnosis, and treatment for the one major disease portrayed in each show was rated on a scale of one to four. Each researcher evaluated these ratings independently, and after subsequent collaborative discussion, a combined rating was determined for all the data. RESULTS: Both a three-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis data analyses found significance among the data. The Tukey HSD post hoc test revealed a significant difference between the accuracy of signs and symptoms to treatment variables (p = 0.045). Analysis by the Mann-Whitney U test also determined that a significant difference was evident between the accuracy of signs and symptoms when compared with treatment (p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: The treatments presented in the twelve episodes evaluated were determined to be more accurate than the show's description of the patient's presenting signs and symptoms.

Quality of appearance is important in nature and individuals have a basic need to establish the normality of appearance to confirm their acceptability to others. In daily inter-relationships of the same species, for instance, normal-appearing members of a species group reject or kill other members who appear abnormal. In human society, appearance is considered as one of the most direct sources of information about other people, and unattractiveness is often accompanied by negative judgments, which can cause emotional distress and isolation. Accordingly, humans tend to pay great attention to their personal appearance and make improvements to enhance their self-representations. The growth of the beauty and cosmetic surgery industries is an indication of an increasing willingness to enhance physical appearance. However, despite the growing demand for cosmetic procedures, the consumer research literature on this topic is extremely sparse. In fact, little is known about the attitudinal and motivational drivers that facilitate undergoing such procedures. This dissertation enriches our understanding of factors that affect consumers’ motivation to pursue cosmetic procedures and examines the role of emotions in such decisions. To that end, objective self-awareness (OSA) theory is applied and the interplay between the state of public OSA, beauty standards, and self-conscious emotions of shame and pride is explored. The results of two experimental studies indicate that access to beauty standards coupled with the state of public OSA generates self-standard comparison thoughts that may yield self-standard discrepancies. Negative emotions experienced due to such discrepancies move individuals into a self-regulatory cycle with the purpose of discrepancy reduction and impact their motivation to undergo cosmetic procedures. Pride and shame, two central self-conscious emotions, influence self-regulatory strategies and differently impact the approach to discrepancy reduction. These findings contribute to the research advocating the role of emotions in decision making and provide more insights about self-conscious emotions and their role in regulating goal pursuit behavior. The findings provide practical implications for marketers of cosmetics products and services, social marketers trying to encourage or discourage certain behaviors, and public policy makers. Moreover, the results have wide-ranging implications for structuring programs designed to contribute to consumer welfare.

Dendrochronological collections include continuously expanding multi-taxon records of tree growth that encompass millennia and often offer irreplaceable sources of biological, environmental, and cultural information. Nevertheless, each departure of a scholar from the field—whether because of death, retirement, career change, shift in research priorities, or even move to a new institution—places collections in increased danger of being lost as viable resources. Without an organized and concerted effort to address outstanding and future issues of specimen curation, dendrochronology as a whole may become mired in the same trap that befalls many other scientific fields: collections apathy. Dendrochronological collections exist as a result of decades of effort and should function to support current and future scientific endeavors, education, and outreach, but cannot do so without adequate attention to their future. Intended as a ‘‘call to arms’’ this paper, focused on dendrochronology in the academic and public sector, aims to encourage discussion and, more importantly, to provide a foundation for and to instill a sense of urgency regarding long-term preservation of dendrochronological specimens.