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AvaliaÃÃo da EficiÃncia Produtiva das Ferrovias de Carga no Brasil: uma AplicaÃÃo da Metodologia DEA / EVALUATION OF THE PRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY OF FREIGHT RAIL LINES IN BRAZIL: AN APPLICATION OF THE DEA METHODOLOGYMarcos Martins Santos 02 December 2011 (has links)
A AgÃncia Nacional de Transportes Terrestres (ANTT) acompanha o desempenho das ferrovias de carga atravÃs de diversos indicadores e verifica se as metas estabelecidas estÃo sendo cumpridas ou nÃo, investigando as causas do descumprimento. Entretanto, quando se busca os relatÃrios de avaliaÃÃo das concessÃes ferroviÃrias, nÃo consta uma investigaÃÃo aprofundada dos nÃveis de eficiÃncia das ferrovias brasileiras â um dos argumentos utilizados a favor da privatizaÃÃo das ferrovias e um dos princÃpios a serem perseguidos pela agÃncia. Avaliar o desempenho de unidades produtivas implica no estudo de diversos processos produtivos e no cÃlculo de uma grande variedade de medidas de produtividade, alÃm da escolha entre uma gama igualmente abrangente de metodologias que buscam identificar as unidades mais eficientes na produÃÃo de determinados bens ou serviÃos. De uma forma geral, essas metodologias envolvem o cÃlculo de taxas (ou Ãndices) de eficiÃncias em termos de produto por unidade de insumo (por exemplo: custo por unidade de produto, lucro por empregado, receita por unidade de capital empregado, etc). Cooper et al. (2000) denominam essas anÃlises como sendo a busca por medidas de produtividade parcial jà que os indicadores resultantes nÃo abrangem a totalidade de insumos e produtos utilizados no processo. Para uma anÃlise completa seria necessÃria, entÃo, uma metodologia que incluÃsse na anÃlise todos os insumos e todos os produtos presentes em um determinado processo produtivo. Com este objetivo, Charnes, Cooper e Rhodes (1978) apresentaram o seu trabalho seminal denominado Measuring the efficiency of decision making units no qual descrevem os fundamentos da AnÃlise EnvoltÃria de Dados ou Data Envelopment Analysis, em inglÃs, ou ainda simplesmente DEA. Ã, na verdade, uma ampliaÃÃo do estudo inicialmente apresentado por Farrel (1957), onde foram analisados os problemas das medidas parciais de eficiÃncia. Este trabalho faz uma aplicaÃÃo do mÃtodo DEA para avaliar a eficiÃncia produtiva das ferrovias de carga brasileiras baseando-se nos dados coletados pela a ANTT no perÃodo de 2006 a 2009. A partir destes dados foram elaborados oito modelos de anÃlise, sendo quatro considerando-se rendimentos constantes de escala e as demais se considerando rendimentos variÃveis de escala. Os modelos propostos foram resolvidos utilizando-se o pacote Benchmarking para R. A hipÃtese principal deste trabalho à que as ferrovias de bitola larga tenderiam a serem mais eficientes do que as ferrovias de bitola mÃtrica. Os resultados aqui obtidos sugerem que esta hipÃtese deve ser refutada. / The AgÃncia Nacional de Transportes Terrestres (ANTT) monitors the performance of rail freight through various indicators, and ensures that goals are being met or not by investigating the causes of noncompliance. However, there is no evidence of a deep investigation of the level of efficiency of the railway freight transport in Brazil. Note that it was one of the arguments used in favor of privatization of the railways and is one of the principles to be pursued by the agency. The appraisal of the performance of productive units involves analysis to several processes and calculation of a wide variety of productivity measures. Either, it requires choices between an equally comprehensive range of methodologies that seek to identify the most efficient units in the production of certain goods or services. In general, these methods involve the calculation of rates of efficiencies in terms of output per unit of input (eg, cost per unit of output, profit per employee, revenue per unit of capital employed, etc.). Cooper et al. (2000) called this analysis as the search for partial productivity measures since the resulting indicators do not cover all the materials and products used in the process. For a given production process, a complete analysis of efficiency requires the inclusion of all inputs and all outputs. To ensure it, Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (1978) presented their seminal work called Measuring the efficiency of decision-making units in which describe the fundamentals of Data Envelopment Analysis, or simply DEA. It is actually an extension of the study initially presented by Farrell (1957), which analyzed the problems of partial measures of efficiency. This work is an application of DEA to evaluate the productive efficiency of freight rail lines in Brazil based on data collected by ANTT from 2006 to 2009. From these data, eight models were prepared for analysis. Four was prepared considering constant returns to scale and the other considering variable returns to scale. The proposed models were solved using the package Benchmarking for R. The main hypothesis of this paper is that the large gauge railways tend to be more efficient than the metric gauge railways. The results obtained here suggest that this hypothesis should be rejected.
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Evaluating System Performance in a Complex and Dynamic EnvironmentVaneman, Warren Kenneth 10 January 2003 (has links)
Realistically, organizational and/or system efficiency performance is dynamic, non-linear, and a function of multiple interactions in production. However, in the efficiency literature, system performance is frequently evaluated considering linear combinations of the input/output variables, without explicitly taking into account the interactions and feedback mechanisms that explain the causes of efficiency behavior, the dynamic nature of production, and non-linear combinations of the input/output variables. Consequently, policy decisions based on these results may be sub-optimized because the non-linear relationships among variables, causal relationships, and feedback mechanisms are ignored.
This research takes the initial steps of evaluating system efficiency performance in a dynamic environment, by relating the factors that effect system efficiency performance to the policies that govern it. First, this research extends the concepts of the static production axioms into a dynamic realm, where inputs are not instantaneously converted into outputs. The relationships of these new dynamic production axioms to the basic behaviors associated with system dynamics structures are explored. Second, this research introduces a methodological approach that combines system dynamics modeling with the measurement of productive efficiency. System dynamics is a modeling paradigm that evaluates system policies by exploring the causal relationships of the important elements within the system. This paradigm is coupled with the fundamental assumptions of production theory in order to evaluate the productive efficiency of a production system operating within a dynamic and non-linear environment. As a result, a subsystem within the system dynamics model is introduced that computes efficiency scores based on the fundamental notions of productive efficiency. The framework's ability to combine prescriptive and descriptive modeling characteristics, as well as dynamic and combinatorial complexity, can potentially have a greater impact on policy decisions and how they affect system efficiency performance. Finally, the utility of these concepts is demonstrated in an implementation case study. This methodology generates a prescriptive dynamical production frontier which defines the optimal production resources required to satisfy system requirements. Additionally, the dynamical production frontier allows for analysis for comparisons between options during a transient period, insight into possible unintended consequences, and the ability to forecast optimal times for introducing system or process improvements. / Ph. D.
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Κλαδική δημογραφία και παραγωγική αποτελεσματικότητα στην ενεργειοβόρο ελληνική βιομηχανία / Industrial demograpfy and productive efficiency in the greek energy intensive manufacturing industryΔασκαλοπούλου, Ειρήνη 25 June 2007 (has links)
Η διατριβή εξετάζει το ρόλο της παραγωγικής αποτελεσματικότητας ως μιας σύνθετης μεταβλητής (τεχνική αποτελεσματικότητα και αποτελεσματικότητα κλίμακας) που αποτυπώνει τη συμπεριφορά των επιχειρήσεων ενός κλάδου.σε επίπεδο διακλαδικής ανάλυσης εξετάζεται ο ρόλος της παραγωγικής αποτελεσματικότητας ως μεταβλητή η οποία αποτυπώνει στρατηγικά διαμορφωμένα εμπόδια εισόδου στους ενεργειοβόρους κλάδους της ελληνικής βιομηχανίας. σε επίπεδο ενδοκλαδικής ανάλυσης εξετάζεται ρόλος της παραγωγικής αποτελεσματικότητας ως μεταβλητή η οποία επηρεάζει την πιθανότητα εισόδου νέων επιχειρήσεων σε ένα κλάδο και την πιθανότητα εξόδου υπαρχόντων επιχειρήσεων απο ένα κλάδο. / It analyses the role of multifaceted productive efficiency (technical and scale efficiency)as a variable that captures the conduct of firms in an industry. at the interindustry level of analysis productive efficiency is analysed as a variable that captures strategic entry barriers in the greek energy intensive manufacturing industries. at the intraindustry level of analysis productive efficiency is analysed as a variable that affects the probability of new firms entering an industry and the probability of existing firms exiting the industry.
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Αποτελεσματικότητα τεχνολογιών υγείας / Health technology efficiencyΠαπαθανασόπουλος, Φώτιος 05 July 2012 (has links)
Η παρούσα διατριβή έχει στόχο τη διερεύνηση της επίδρασης της νέας ιατρικής τεχνολογίας στην αποτελεσματικότητα παραγωγής των Μονάδων Εντατικής Θεραπείας (ΜΕΘ) στην Ελλάδα, καθώς και τον εντοπισμό των στοιχείων που επηρεάζουν τη διαδικασία λήψης αποφάσεων στο πλαίσιο του Εθνικού Συστήματος Υγείας (ΕΣΥ) για την υιοθέτηση ιατρικής τεχνολογίας.
Για την εκτίμηση της αποτελεσματικότητας κάθε μονάδας, εφαρμόζεται η τεχνική bootstrapped DEA των Simar και Wilson (2007), ενώ για την διερεύνηση των στοιχείων που οδηγούν στην απόφαση υιοθέτησης γίνεται χρήση υποδειγμάτων probit. Κατόπιν, με τη χρήση υποδειγμάτων επιβίωσης εντοπίζονται οι παράγοντες που κατηγοριοποιούν τις Νοσοκομειακές μονάδες αναφορικά με το χρόνο υιοθέτησης. Ο αξονικός τομογράφος στα δημόσια νοσοκομεία χρησιμοποιείται σαν μελέτη περίπτωσης.
Η μελέτη κατέδειξε ελλείμματα τόσο στην τεχνική αποτελεσματικότητα όσο και στην αποτελεσματικότητα κλίμακας στις περισσότερες μονάδες που εξετάστηκαν, κυρίως λόγω έλλειψης νοσηλευτικού προσωπικού. Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν ότι αν και η τεχνική αποτελεσματικότητα επωφελείται από την ενσωμάτωση των νέων ιατρικών τεχνολογιών, η αποτελεσματικότητα κλίμακας παραμένει ανεπηρέαστη. Αναφορικά με το την πιθανότητα και το χρόνο υιοθέτησης, διαπιστώθηκε ότι το μέγεθος του νοσοκομείου και η πληρότητα επιδρούν θετικά.
Τέλος, τα συμπεράσματα επεξηγούν το βαθμό στον οποίο η υιοθέτηση νέας τεχνολογίας επηρεάζει τόσο την αποτελεσματικότητα των Νοσοκομειακών μονάδων γενικότερα, όσο και τη διαδικασία λήψης σχετικών αποφάσεων.
Η παρούσα Διατριβή συμβάλλει στην γενικότερη ανάπτυξη της αποτελεσματικότητας του Συστήματος Υγείας και στην προώθηση του διαλόγου μεταξύ των εμπλεκόμενων στα θέματα διοίκησης και διαχείρισης του Συστήματος Υγείας. / This thesis aims to investigate the effect of new medical technology on the production efficiency of Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in Greece and unravel the elements which influence the decision making process concerning the adoption of new medical technologies in the context of the Greek Health System.
In order to evaluate the efficiency of each Unit, the bootstrapped DEA of Simar and Wilson (2007) is applied, while a probit model is used for exploring the elements that lead to the adoption decision. Then, the factors that categorize hospitals regarding the timing of adoption are identified through the use of survival models. Computerized tomography in the Greek public sector is used as a case study.
The study demonstrated deficits in both technical and scale efficiency in most Units, mainly due to lack of nursing staff. The results show that while technical efficiency has benefited from new medical technology integration, the scale efficiency remains unaffected. With respect to the likelihood and the time of adoption, it was found that the hospital’s size and plenitude have positive impact.
Finally, the findings explain the extent to which health technology adoption affects both the hospital’s efficiency and the decision-making process.
The present thesis contributes to the overall increase of the Health System efficiency as well as in promoting the dialogue between health administrators.
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Viabilidade agroeconômica da cenoura adubada com jitirana. / Productive viability of carrot fertilized with scarlet starglory.Oliveira, Mychelle Karla Teixeira de 29 December 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-12-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Green manure can assume an important role in the development of cultivation techniques that improve the use of crop residues. Among the species used is the scarlet starglory (Merremia aegptya L.), spontaneous plant that is presented as a potential source for green manure in semi-arid northeast of Brazil. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the agro-economic viability of carrot fertilized with scarlet starglory before and after carrot sowing. The first experiment was conducted at the teaching garden of the Plant Sciences Department, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, from September to December 2008, while the second one was conducted at the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm located in rural area of Mossoró, from September to December 2009. Both experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with treatments arranged in a 4 x 4 + 1 factorial scheme, with 3 replications. The first factor was composed of the quantities of scarlet starglory incorporated into the soil (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15.6 t ha-1 on a dry basis), and the second factor was the times of scarlet starglory incorporation into the soil. In the first experiment, the scarlet starglory was incorporated in the times: 0, 10, 20 and 30 days before sowing of carrot - DBS, and in the second experiment the incorporation was in the times: 0, 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing of carrot - DAS. The additional treatment (control) was fertilized with 80 t ha-1 of cattle manure. The cultivar of carrot planted was 'Brasilia'. The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, leaf number per plant, dry mass of shoot, commercial productivity, scrap productivity, classified productivity, gross income and net income, rate of return, profitability index and profit per unit. There was no significant interaction between the quantities of scarlet starglory incorporated into the soil and its times of incorporation before and after carrot sowing on any of those evaluated characteristics. The highest productive performance of carrot was obtained in the amount of 15.6 t ha-1 of scarlet starglory incorporated into the soil at the time of 20 days prior to the carrot planting time and at 15 days after carrot sowing. The carrot cultivation is agro-economically viable with the use of scarlet starglory as green manure. / A adubação verde pode assumir importante papel no desenvolvimento de técnicas de cultivo que melhorem a utilização de resíduos vegetais. Entre as espécies utilizadas está a jitirana (Merremia aegptya L.), planta espontânea que se apresenta como uma fonte potencial para adubação verde no nordeste semi-árido do Brasil. Dois experimentos foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade agroeconômica da cenoura adubada com jitirana antes e depois de sua semeadura. O primeiro experimento foi conduzido na horta didática do Departamento de Ciências Vegetais da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2008, enquanto que o segundo foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes, localizada na zona rural de Mossoró-RN, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2009. O delineamento experimental usado foi em blocos completos casualizados com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 + 1, com três repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído pelas quantidades de jitirana incorporadas ao solo (5,4, 8,8, 12,2 e 15,6 t ha-1 em base seca), para ambos os experimentos, e o segundo fator constituído pelos tempos de incorporação da jitirana ao solo. No primeiro experimento a jitirana foi incorporada nos tempos: 0, 10, 20 e 30 dias antes da semeadura da cenoura DAS, e no segundo experimento a incorporação foi realizada nos tempos: 0, 15, 30 e 45 dias depois da semeadura da cenoura - DDS. O tratamento adicional (testemunha) foi de 80 t ha-1 de esterco bovino. A cultivar de cenoura plantada foi a Brasília . As características avaliadas foram: altura das plantas, número de folhas por planta, massa seca da parte aérea, produtividade comercial, produtividade refugo, produtividade classificada, renda bruta e renda líquida, taxa de retorno, índice de lucratividade e lucro unitário. Não houve interação significativa entre os fatores quantidades de jitirana incorporadas ao solo e seus tempos de incorporação antes e depois da semeadura da cenoura em nenhuma das características avaliadas. .
A maior performance produtiva da cenoura foi obtida na quantidade de 15,6 t ha-1 de jitirana incorporada ao solo, no tempo de 20 dias antes de sua semeadura e no tempo de 15 dias depois de sua semeadura. O cultivo da cenoura é viável agroeconomicamente com o uso da jitirana como adubo verde.
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Viabilidade agroeconômica da cenoura adubada com jitirana. / Productive viability of carrot fertilized with scarlet starglory.Oliveira, Mychelle Karla Teixeira de 29 December 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:18:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
MychelleKTO_DISSERT.pdf: 671690 bytes, checksum: 4fd557fe95faacd0065178d40c5f5f09 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-12-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Green manure can assume an important role in the development of cultivation techniques that improve the use of crop residues. Among the species used is the scarlet starglory (Merremia aegptya L.), spontaneous plant that is presented as a potential source for green manure in semi-arid northeast of Brazil. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the agro-economic viability of carrot fertilized with scarlet starglory before and after carrot sowing. The first experiment was conducted at the teaching garden of the Plant Sciences Department, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, from September to December 2008, while the second one was conducted at the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm located in rural area of Mossoró, from September to December 2009. Both experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with treatments arranged in a 4 x 4 + 1 factorial scheme, with 3 replications. The first factor was composed of the quantities of scarlet starglory incorporated into the soil (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15.6 t ha-1 on a dry basis), and the second factor was the times of scarlet starglory incorporation into the soil. In the first experiment, the scarlet starglory was incorporated in the times: 0, 10, 20 and 30 days before sowing of carrot - DBS, and in the second experiment the incorporation was in the times: 0, 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing of carrot - DAS. The additional treatment (control) was fertilized with 80 t ha-1 of cattle manure. The cultivar of carrot planted was 'Brasilia'. The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, leaf number per plant, dry mass of shoot, commercial productivity, scrap productivity, classified productivity, gross income and net income, rate of return, profitability index and profit per unit. There was no significant interaction between the quantities of scarlet starglory incorporated into the soil and its times of incorporation before and after carrot sowing on any of those evaluated characteristics. The highest productive performance of carrot was obtained in the amount of 15.6 t ha-1 of scarlet starglory incorporated into the soil at the time of 20 days prior to the carrot planting time and at 15 days after carrot sowing. The carrot cultivation is agro-economically viable with the use of scarlet starglory as green manure. / A adubação verde pode assumir importante papel no desenvolvimento de técnicas de cultivo que melhorem a utilização de resíduos vegetais. Entre as espécies utilizadas está a jitirana (Merremia aegptya L.), planta espontânea que se apresenta como uma fonte potencial para adubação verde no nordeste semi-árido do Brasil. Dois experimentos foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade agroeconômica da cenoura adubada com jitirana antes e depois de sua semeadura. O primeiro experimento foi conduzido na horta didática do Departamento de Ciências Vegetais da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró-RN, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2008, enquanto que o segundo foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes, localizada na zona rural de Mossoró-RN, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2009. O delineamento experimental usado foi em blocos completos casualizados com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 + 1, com três repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído pelas quantidades de jitirana incorporadas ao solo (5,4, 8,8, 12,2 e 15,6 t ha-1 em base seca), para ambos os experimentos, e o segundo fator constituído pelos tempos de incorporação da jitirana ao solo. No primeiro experimento a jitirana foi incorporada nos tempos: 0, 10, 20 e 30 dias antes da semeadura da cenoura DAS, e no segundo experimento a incorporação foi realizada nos tempos: 0, 15, 30 e 45 dias depois da semeadura da cenoura - DDS. O tratamento adicional (testemunha) foi de 80 t ha-1 de esterco bovino. A cultivar de cenoura plantada foi a Brasília . As características avaliadas foram: altura das plantas, número de folhas por planta, massa seca da parte aérea, produtividade comercial, produtividade refugo, produtividade classificada, renda bruta e renda líquida, taxa de retorno, índice de lucratividade e lucro unitário. Não houve interação significativa entre os fatores quantidades de jitirana incorporadas ao solo e seus tempos de incorporação antes e depois da semeadura da cenoura em nenhuma das características avaliadas. .
A maior performance produtiva da cenoura foi obtida na quantidade de 15,6 t ha-1 de jitirana incorporada ao solo, no tempo de 20 dias antes de sua semeadura e no tempo de 15 dias depois de sua semeadura. O cultivo da cenoura é viável agroeconomicamente com o uso da jitirana como adubo verde.
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Potenciál krmných směsí a obilovin jako nástroj pro udržení dobré produkce tržního kapra ve vztahu ke kvalitě vody. / The potential of compound feed and cereals as a tool for keeping the production of carp at a good level in relation to the water quality.MELKA, Václav January 2017 (has links)
The aim of this diploma thesis was to test the production effectiveness of cereals and compound feed and at the same time, find out what influence they have on the water quality when applied in the semi-intensity carp farming. The feeding test was taking place in the period of 112 days in 10 experimental storage ponds. The feed which was tested, was cereals, extruded feed from the Aller Aqua company with 24% share of protein, pelleted feed glycid type feed with the 12,5% share of protein (KP) and pellet feed glycid type compound feed with 12,5% share of protein and reduced share of phosphorus (KPminus). A tested carp population of the same density was left without any additional feeding, to be fed only on the natural nutrition. Every one of these separated carp populations were fed three times a week in the morning and on the same spot of the fish tank. The testing was taking place twice.The measuring of the parametres of the water (temperature, oxygen, pH) took place once a fortnight, taking samples of the water once a month. At the end of the experiment, the level of phosphorus and the observed production parametres were evaluated.The highest production effectiveness was reached in the carps that were fed with cereals (FCR - Food Convertion Ration 2,41 - 0,46, SGR - Specific Growth Rate 0,54 - 0,07 %.d-1). The lowest production effectiveness was achieved with the pelleted feed KPminus (FCR - 3,72 - 0,30, SGR - 0,39 - 0,02 %.d-1). The highest retention of phosphorus (88%) in the fish biomass was reached with cereals. The lowest retention of phosphorus (60%) was reached in the carps fed with the pelleted feed KP. Feeding carps with tested feeds did not have any significant influence on the water quality. From both the economic and the environmental point of view, the best feed for carp pond farming is cereals.
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Análises do sistema produtivo suinícola da região central do Rio Grande do Sul / Analysis of production system swine the central region of Rio Grande do SulSangoi, Luiz Fernando January 2014 (has links)
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal utilizar a metodologia das análises multivariadas, modelagem matemática e redes neurais artificiais, na avaliação da eficiência produtiva de propriedades produtoras de suínos no Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados utilizados foram coletados em 47 municípios da região do Vale do Taquari, estado do Rio Grande do Sul, entre fevereiro e março de 2012, compreendendo o universo de 120 produtores. Utilizou-se um diagnóstico com perguntas estruturadas fechadas, em conjunto com os resultados produtivos de 494 abates realizados nos anos de 2010 e 2011. Analisou-se as variáveis produtivas na terminação de suínos criados em dois momentos climáticos anuais distintos, primavera/verão e outono/inverno, comparando as diferenças ocorridas nas variáveis de produtividade, o que resultou no capítulo 2, “Análise das variáveis produtivas de suínos na fase de terminação em duas estações climáticas”, no qual se identificou o perfil ideal para produtores terminadores de suínos através de um modelo matemático capaz de predizer quais as chances de o produtor obter um melhor desempenho na suinocultura, que resultou no capítulo 3, “Uso da otimização de desempenho interativo na identificação do perfil ideal de produtores terminadores de suínos”. Com o auxílio da Inteligência Artificial, uma tecnologia cada vez mais usada, na tentativa de avaliar com maior precisão quais os fatores que na criação de suínos podem contribuir significativamente para um aumento da produtividade, resultou no capítulo 4, “A utilização da Inteligência Artificial para a predição dos parâmetros produtivos da suinocultura”. Com esses resultados, pode-se dizer que: identificou-se quais as condições ambientais e climáticas impactaram sobre a eficiência produtiva dos suínos, observando-se maior peso médio vivo, ganho médio diário e taxa de mortalidade nos animais criados na estação outono/inverno. Já a Conversão Alimentar não apresentou efeito significativo da estação do ano. Ainda, identificou-se o perfil ideal para produtores terminadores de suínos através de um modelo matemático capaz de predizer quais as chances de o produtor obter um melhor desempenho na suinocultura e, por meio de predições geradas, a partir do auxílio das Redes Neurais Artificiais, obteve-se como principal resultado a condição de se afirmar que o uso da metodologia das Redes Neurais Artificiais pode predizer com reduzidas margens de erro, as variáveis produtivas, conversão alimentar, mortalidade e ganho médio diário. / The main objective of the present work2 is to use the methodology of multivariate analysis, mathematical modeling and artificial neural networks in the production evaluation efficiency of swine-producing farms in Rio Grande do Sul state. The data used were collected in 47 municipalities in the region of Vale do Taquari, between February and March 2012, covering the universe of 120 producers. There are used a diagnosis with structured questions, in conjunction with the productive results of 494 slaughterings carried out in the years 2010 and 2011. Productive variables examined in swine termination phase reared in two distinct annual weather moments, spring/ summer and autumn/winter, comparing the differences occurring in the productivity variables, which resulted in section 2, "Analysis of the productive variables of swine on termination phase in two climatic seasons", where it was identified the ideal profile for producers s through a mathematical model to predict the chances of the better performance in swine production, which resulted in section 3, "Using the interactive performance optimization in identifying the ideal profile of swine terminators phase producers", and with the aid of artificial intelligence, a technology increasingly used in an attempt to assess with greater precision what factors in swine breeding can contribute significantly to improved productivity, resulted in sector 4 "The use of artificial intelligence for prediction of swine productive parameters". With these results, it can be said that: what are the identified environmental and climatic conditions that impacted on the swine productive efficiency, observing a greater average weight, daily gain and mortality rate in animals reared in autumn/winter seasons. The feed conversion did not provide any significant effect . Still, although the ideal profile for terminators producers through a mathematical model to predict the chances of the producer better performance and, by generated predictions from the artificial neural networks, obtained as main result the condition to assert that this method can aid for the predictionm with reduced margins of error, productive variables, feed conversion ratio, mortality and average daily gain.
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Análises do sistema produtivo suinícola da região central do Rio Grande do Sul / Analysis of production system swine the central region of Rio Grande do SulSangoi, Luiz Fernando January 2014 (has links)
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal utilizar a metodologia das análises multivariadas, modelagem matemática e redes neurais artificiais, na avaliação da eficiência produtiva de propriedades produtoras de suínos no Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados utilizados foram coletados em 47 municípios da região do Vale do Taquari, estado do Rio Grande do Sul, entre fevereiro e março de 2012, compreendendo o universo de 120 produtores. Utilizou-se um diagnóstico com perguntas estruturadas fechadas, em conjunto com os resultados produtivos de 494 abates realizados nos anos de 2010 e 2011. Analisou-se as variáveis produtivas na terminação de suínos criados em dois momentos climáticos anuais distintos, primavera/verão e outono/inverno, comparando as diferenças ocorridas nas variáveis de produtividade, o que resultou no capítulo 2, “Análise das variáveis produtivas de suínos na fase de terminação em duas estações climáticas”, no qual se identificou o perfil ideal para produtores terminadores de suínos através de um modelo matemático capaz de predizer quais as chances de o produtor obter um melhor desempenho na suinocultura, que resultou no capítulo 3, “Uso da otimização de desempenho interativo na identificação do perfil ideal de produtores terminadores de suínos”. Com o auxílio da Inteligência Artificial, uma tecnologia cada vez mais usada, na tentativa de avaliar com maior precisão quais os fatores que na criação de suínos podem contribuir significativamente para um aumento da produtividade, resultou no capítulo 4, “A utilização da Inteligência Artificial para a predição dos parâmetros produtivos da suinocultura”. Com esses resultados, pode-se dizer que: identificou-se quais as condições ambientais e climáticas impactaram sobre a eficiência produtiva dos suínos, observando-se maior peso médio vivo, ganho médio diário e taxa de mortalidade nos animais criados na estação outono/inverno. Já a Conversão Alimentar não apresentou efeito significativo da estação do ano. Ainda, identificou-se o perfil ideal para produtores terminadores de suínos através de um modelo matemático capaz de predizer quais as chances de o produtor obter um melhor desempenho na suinocultura e, por meio de predições geradas, a partir do auxílio das Redes Neurais Artificiais, obteve-se como principal resultado a condição de se afirmar que o uso da metodologia das Redes Neurais Artificiais pode predizer com reduzidas margens de erro, as variáveis produtivas, conversão alimentar, mortalidade e ganho médio diário. / The main objective of the present work2 is to use the methodology of multivariate analysis, mathematical modeling and artificial neural networks in the production evaluation efficiency of swine-producing farms in Rio Grande do Sul state. The data used were collected in 47 municipalities in the region of Vale do Taquari, between February and March 2012, covering the universe of 120 producers. There are used a diagnosis with structured questions, in conjunction with the productive results of 494 slaughterings carried out in the years 2010 and 2011. Productive variables examined in swine termination phase reared in two distinct annual weather moments, spring/ summer and autumn/winter, comparing the differences occurring in the productivity variables, which resulted in section 2, "Analysis of the productive variables of swine on termination phase in two climatic seasons", where it was identified the ideal profile for producers s through a mathematical model to predict the chances of the better performance in swine production, which resulted in section 3, "Using the interactive performance optimization in identifying the ideal profile of swine terminators phase producers", and with the aid of artificial intelligence, a technology increasingly used in an attempt to assess with greater precision what factors in swine breeding can contribute significantly to improved productivity, resulted in sector 4 "The use of artificial intelligence for prediction of swine productive parameters". With these results, it can be said that: what are the identified environmental and climatic conditions that impacted on the swine productive efficiency, observing a greater average weight, daily gain and mortality rate in animals reared in autumn/winter seasons. The feed conversion did not provide any significant effect . Still, although the ideal profile for terminators producers through a mathematical model to predict the chances of the producer better performance and, by generated predictions from the artificial neural networks, obtained as main result the condition to assert that this method can aid for the predictionm with reduced margins of error, productive variables, feed conversion ratio, mortality and average daily gain.
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Análises do sistema produtivo suinícola da região central do Rio Grande do Sul / Analysis of production system swine the central region of Rio Grande do SulSangoi, Luiz Fernando January 2014 (has links)
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal utilizar a metodologia das análises multivariadas, modelagem matemática e redes neurais artificiais, na avaliação da eficiência produtiva de propriedades produtoras de suínos no Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados utilizados foram coletados em 47 municípios da região do Vale do Taquari, estado do Rio Grande do Sul, entre fevereiro e março de 2012, compreendendo o universo de 120 produtores. Utilizou-se um diagnóstico com perguntas estruturadas fechadas, em conjunto com os resultados produtivos de 494 abates realizados nos anos de 2010 e 2011. Analisou-se as variáveis produtivas na terminação de suínos criados em dois momentos climáticos anuais distintos, primavera/verão e outono/inverno, comparando as diferenças ocorridas nas variáveis de produtividade, o que resultou no capítulo 2, “Análise das variáveis produtivas de suínos na fase de terminação em duas estações climáticas”, no qual se identificou o perfil ideal para produtores terminadores de suínos através de um modelo matemático capaz de predizer quais as chances de o produtor obter um melhor desempenho na suinocultura, que resultou no capítulo 3, “Uso da otimização de desempenho interativo na identificação do perfil ideal de produtores terminadores de suínos”. Com o auxílio da Inteligência Artificial, uma tecnologia cada vez mais usada, na tentativa de avaliar com maior precisão quais os fatores que na criação de suínos podem contribuir significativamente para um aumento da produtividade, resultou no capítulo 4, “A utilização da Inteligência Artificial para a predição dos parâmetros produtivos da suinocultura”. Com esses resultados, pode-se dizer que: identificou-se quais as condições ambientais e climáticas impactaram sobre a eficiência produtiva dos suínos, observando-se maior peso médio vivo, ganho médio diário e taxa de mortalidade nos animais criados na estação outono/inverno. Já a Conversão Alimentar não apresentou efeito significativo da estação do ano. Ainda, identificou-se o perfil ideal para produtores terminadores de suínos através de um modelo matemático capaz de predizer quais as chances de o produtor obter um melhor desempenho na suinocultura e, por meio de predições geradas, a partir do auxílio das Redes Neurais Artificiais, obteve-se como principal resultado a condição de se afirmar que o uso da metodologia das Redes Neurais Artificiais pode predizer com reduzidas margens de erro, as variáveis produtivas, conversão alimentar, mortalidade e ganho médio diário. / The main objective of the present work2 is to use the methodology of multivariate analysis, mathematical modeling and artificial neural networks in the production evaluation efficiency of swine-producing farms in Rio Grande do Sul state. The data used were collected in 47 municipalities in the region of Vale do Taquari, between February and March 2012, covering the universe of 120 producers. There are used a diagnosis with structured questions, in conjunction with the productive results of 494 slaughterings carried out in the years 2010 and 2011. Productive variables examined in swine termination phase reared in two distinct annual weather moments, spring/ summer and autumn/winter, comparing the differences occurring in the productivity variables, which resulted in section 2, "Analysis of the productive variables of swine on termination phase in two climatic seasons", where it was identified the ideal profile for producers s through a mathematical model to predict the chances of the better performance in swine production, which resulted in section 3, "Using the interactive performance optimization in identifying the ideal profile of swine terminators phase producers", and with the aid of artificial intelligence, a technology increasingly used in an attempt to assess with greater precision what factors in swine breeding can contribute significantly to improved productivity, resulted in sector 4 "The use of artificial intelligence for prediction of swine productive parameters". With these results, it can be said that: what are the identified environmental and climatic conditions that impacted on the swine productive efficiency, observing a greater average weight, daily gain and mortality rate in animals reared in autumn/winter seasons. The feed conversion did not provide any significant effect . Still, although the ideal profile for terminators producers through a mathematical model to predict the chances of the producer better performance and, by generated predictions from the artificial neural networks, obtained as main result the condition to assert that this method can aid for the predictionm with reduced margins of error, productive variables, feed conversion ratio, mortality and average daily gain.
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