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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A comparison of early reading outcomes and program costs in four primary reading programs for improved decision-making

Gander, Brian David, 1959- 12 1900 (has links)
xiii, 189 p. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call numbers: KNIGHT LB1573 .G238 2007 / This study uses cost-effectiveness tools to support school site decision-makers. It looks at four reading protocols for first and second graders using common outcomes of early reading proficiency. Similar outcome measures are a requirement of cost-effectiveness analysis but are a common shortcoming of program evaluations as presented in the literature. The comparison of Success For All, a Reading First protocol, and two locally designed instructional protocols gives the reader an opportunity to review the reading alternatives. The review is undertaken to highlight program costs ranging from difficult to discern indirect costs to readily accessible budget expenditures. The qualities of good reading programs are characterized and the essential elements of cost-effectiveness tools delineated before applying their theoretical principles to four schools in a large Northwest city. / Adviser: Gerald Tindal
2

Estimativa de custo do programa de controle e prevenção da dengue em Goiânia-GO / Estimated cost of the program for prevention and control of dengue in Goiânia-GO

Santos, Sandra Maria dos 27 February 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-04-15T15:00:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Sandra Maria dos Santos - 2013.pdf: 1079676 bytes, checksum: af82914c613b674bc86e5a67ad953679 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-04-15T15:02:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Sandra Maria dos Santos - 2013.pdf: 1079676 bytes, checksum: af82914c613b674bc86e5a67ad953679 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T15:02:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Sandra Maria dos Santos - 2013.pdf: 1079676 bytes, checksum: af82914c613b674bc86e5a67ad953679 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-27 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Introduction: Dengue is an acute febrile illness of significant magnitude in Brazil, caused by four antigenically distinct serotypes. Between 2002 and2010 approximately four million probable dengue cases were reported in Brazil, with major outbreaks in 2002, 2008, and 2010. Dengue vaccines are currently in phase 3 clinical trials, and it is expected that such vaccine will reduce the number of cases, disease costs, and costs of dengue prevention and control programs, particularly during epidemic. Thus, cost of program studies are essential to subsidize cost-effectiveness analysis, which are important for decision making regarding dengue vaccine introduction. Objective: Estimate the costs of dengue control program (PMCD) in the municipality of Goiânia-GO, Brazil. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis, considering epidemic (October/2009-April/2010), and endemic (May-September/2010) periods of dengue transmission. The public healthcare system (SUS) perspective was considered. We considered the following cost components: human resources, training, infrastructure, equipment and office supplies, transportation, personal protective equipment (PPE), field and laboratory equipment, insecticides and social mobilization, considering capital and recurrent costs. Except for the costs of insecticide purchase and Central Ultra Low Volume (ULV) which are beared by the federal and state levels, respectively, the remaining costs of the PMCD are incurred by the municipal level. Information sources included Goiânia Municipal Health Department and the Brazilian Central Bank. Costs by dengue transmission period and cost category were estimated. Unlike recurring costs, capital costs estimated for both transmission periods combined. Results: The total and monthly recurring costs of the PMCD during the epidemic period was R$8.307.590,02 (U.S.$4.988.345,15) and R$1.400.819,19 (U.S.$841.130,77) respectively; and in the endemic period was R$5.848.678,18 (U.S.$3.511.875,94) and R$949.878,86 (U.S.$570.360,79), respectively. Capital costs for both periods were estimated at R$683,314.98 (U.S.$410,300.82). The most significant component of recurrent costs was that of human resources (84% and 86% respectively). Transportation (80%) and infrastructure (13%) accounted for the largest proportion among capital costs. Regarding source of funding, 83%, 13% and 3% of costs are incurred by municipal, federal, and state levels, respectively. Conclusion: The PMCD costs estimate on epidemic and endemic periods allows to know the excess cost that an epidemic burdens to the government, especially at the municipal level. By the way it is necessary to enable the introduction of a technology that not only reduces the incidence of dengue but also reduce the epidemic peaks. / Introdução: A dengue é uma doença febril aguda de grande magnitude no Brasil, causada por quatro sorotipos virais antigenicamente distintos. Entre 2002-2010 foram registrados cerca de quatro milhões de casos prováveis no Brasil, com epidemias importantes em 2002, 2008 e 2010. Espera-se que uma vacina, atualmente na fase 3 de ensaio clínico, possa reduzir o número de casos, custos da doença, e custos do programa de prevenção e controle da dengue, em particular nos picos epidêmicos. Assim, estudos de custo de programas são importantes para subsidiar a tomada de decisão sobre a introdução da vacina. Objetivo: Estimar os custos do controle da dengue do Programa Municipal de Controle da Dengue (PMCD) de Goiânia-GO, Brasil. Métodos: Foi realizada análise retrospectiva, considerando os períodos epidêmico, (outubro/2009-abril/2010), e endêmico (maio-setembro/2010) de transmissão da dengue. A perspectiva da análise é do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Foram considerados os seguintes componentes de custo: recursos humanos, capacitação, infraestrutura, equipamentos e suprimentos de escritório, transporte, equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI), material de campo, material laboratorial, inseticidas e mobilização social, considerando custos de capital (investimento) e recorrentes. Com exceção dos custos referentes à compra de inseticidas e os custos com a Central de Ultrabaixo volume (UBV), que são de responsabilidade federal e estadual, respectivamente, os demais custos do PMCD são de responsabilidade municipal. As fontes de informação incluíram a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SMS) de Goiânia e Banco Central do Brasil. Foram estimados custos por período de transmissão de dengue e por componentes de custos. Ao contrário dos custos recorrentes, os custos de capital foram estimados para ambos os períodos de transmissão combinados. Resultados: O valor total e mensal dos custos recorrentes do PMCD no período epidêmico foi de R$8.307.590,02 (US$4.988.345,15) e R$1.400.819,19 (US$841.130,77), respectivamente; e no período endêmico foi R$5.848.678,18 (US$3.511.875,94) e R$949.878,86 (US$570.360,79), respectivamente. O custo de capital para ambos os períodos foi estimado em R$ 683.314,98 (US$ 410.300,82). Entre os custos recorrentes do período epidêmico e endêmico, a proporção mais significativa foi referente à custos com recursos humanos (84% e 86%, respectivamente). Transporte (80%) e infraestrutura (13%) respondem pela maior proporção dentre os custos de capital. Em relação à fonte de recurso, 83%, 13% e 3% referem-se, respectivamente, às esferas municipal, federal e estadual. Conclusão: A estimativa de custo do PMCD por períodos epidêmico e endêmico permite conhecer o excedente de custo que uma epidemia onera ao poder público, especialmente na esfera municipal. Diante desse cenário torna-se necessário viabilizar a introdução de uma tecnologia que reduza não só a incidência da dengue mas também reduza os picos epidêmicos.
3

Avaliação de custos federais do Programa Nacional de Imunizações. Brasil, 2004-2015 / Evaluation of federal costs of the National Immunization Program. Brazil, 2004-2015

Moura, Wider Carlos Bernardes de 13 June 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-17T15:40:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wider Carlos Bernardes de Moura - 2016.pdf: 1656116 bytes, checksum: 507ddc7778f24f76d1103d1aefc0d664 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-17T15:43:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wider Carlos Bernardes de Moura - 2016.pdf: 1656116 bytes, checksum: 507ddc7778f24f76d1103d1aefc0d664 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T15:43:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wider Carlos Bernardes de Moura - 2016.pdf: 1656116 bytes, checksum: 507ddc7778f24f76d1103d1aefc0d664 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Introduction: vaccines are important technologies in health and have been used for decades to prevent a series of high morbidity diseases through vaccination of children, adolescents, adults and seniors. Knowledge of the immunization program costs is important for health managers in strategic planning, decision making and incremental costs estimates the introduction of new vaccines and budgetary impact of the same, supporting cost-effectiveness studies. Objectives: estimate the cost of the National Immunization Program (NIP) in Brazil, the federal considering the 2013 base year and analyze the acquisition of immunobiologics used in Brazil considering quantitative and cost in the 2004-2015 period. Methods: two studies were carried out. A retrospective descriptive study program cost for the NIP cost analysis at the federal level, and the period considered from January to December 2013. A restrospective study ecological descriptive type, historical series of quantity and immunobiologics costs purchased by NIP between the periods of 2004-2015. For both analyzes were considered the SUS perspective. The following cost components were considered: inputs (immunobiologics, syringes and needles), human resources, transportation, building infrastructure and services, office equipment, transfers to the Cold Chain and other (social mobilization, training, publications and research). For historical trend analysis, vaccines and serums /Immunoglobulins were considered. The analysis was stratified by national and international production; purchasing mechanism; and conventional routine schedule vaccines and vaccines introduced from 2006. Results: the total NIP costs at federal level in 2013 was R$1,467,100,454.81, of which R$1,304,032,414.00 (88.9%) to inputs for the routine and campaigns R$78,282,799.95 (5.3%) and transport R$3,210,769.92 (0.2%) with human resources and R$81,574,470.94 (5.6%) with the other components (building infrastructure, equipment, financial transfers and others). A total of 2,910,669,114 doses of immunobiologics was acquired by the NIP in the 2004-2015 period, at a cost of R$15,473,789,880. Conclusion: Federal costs of the NIP are significant, mainly due to costs of vaccine purchase and transportation. With the introduction of new vaccines in the immunization schedule, the PNI costs increase significantly, justifying the adoption of transfer strategy technologies for production of new vaccines and self-sufficiency in the production of immunobiologics adopted by MS. / Introdução: as vacinas são importantes tecnologias em saúde e vem sendo utilizadas há várias décadas em crianças, adolescentes, gestantes adultos e idosos para prevenir uma série de doenças de alta morbidade. O conhecimento dos custos de programa de imunizações é importante para os gestores de saúde no planejamento de estratégias, na tomada de decisões e para estimativas de custos incrementais na introdução de novas vacinas e de impacto orçamentário das mesmas, subsidiando estudos de custo-efetividade. Objetivos: estimar o custo do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (PNI) no Brasil, na esfera federal considerando o ano base de 2013 e analisar as aquisições de imunobiológicos utilizadas no Brasil considerando quantitativo e custos no período de 2004-2015. Métodos: foram realizados dois estudos. Um estudo descritivo retrospectivo de custo de programa para a análise de custos do PNI no nível federal, sendo o período considerado de janeiro a dezembro de 2013; e um estudo retrospectivo do tipo ecológico descritivo de série histórica da quantidade e custos de imunobiológicos comprados pelo PNI entre o período de 2004-2015. Para ambas as análises, foi considerada a perspectiva do SUS. Foram considerados os seguintes componentes de custo: insumos (imunobiológicos, seringas e agulhas), recursos humanos, transporte, infraestrutura predial e serviços, equipamentos de escritório, repasses para a rede de frio e outros (mobilização social, treinamento, publicações e pesquisas). A análise de série temporal considerou vacinas e soros/imunoglobulinas e foi estratificada por produção nacional e internacional; mecanismo de compra; e vacinas convencionais do calendário de rotina e vacinas introduzidas a partir de 2006. Resultados: o total de custos do PNI pelo nível federal em 2013 foi de R$1.467.100.454,81, sendo R$1.304.032.414,00 (88,9%) para insumos (imunobiológicos, seringas e agulhas) R$78.282.799,95 (5,3%) com transportes, R$3.210.769,92 (0,2%) com recursos humanos e R$81.574.470,94 (5,6%) com os demais componentes (infraestrutura predial, equipamentos, repasses para a rede de frio e outros). Um total de 2.910.669.114 doses de imunobiológicos foi adquirido pelo PNI no período de 2004-2015, a um custo de R$15.473.789.880. Conclusão: os custos federais do PNI são significativos, sobretudo em função de custos com compra e transporte de vacinas. Com a introdução de novas vacinas no calendário vacinal, os custos do PNI aumentaram significativamente, justificando a adoção de estratégia de transferência de tecnologias para produção de novas vacinas e promovendo a autossuficiência nacional na produção de imunobiológicos.

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