Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-06-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:56:48Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mine_jc_me_arafcf.pdf: 726384 bytes, checksum: 6f4cf343dd34895158b4fd037741c3af (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Blastocystis hominis é protozoário causador da infecção intestinal denominada blastocistose humana, cujo diagnóstico é realizado pelo exame coproparasitológico e por meio de técnicas de colorações permanentes que foram utilizadas neste estudo para avaliar a prevalência de Blastocystis hominis nos espécimes fecais de habitantes na região de Araraquara-SP. Foram estudadas 503 amostras de fezes submetidas às técnicas de exame direto a fresco, de Faust e cols., de Lutz e de Rugai, Mattos e Brisola, além das colorações pela hematoxilina férrica, tricrômio e de Kinyoun modificada. Do total das amostras analisadas 174 (34,6%) apresentaram-se positivas para a presença de parasitas intestinais. O protozoário e helminto mais freqüentes foram respectivamente: Entamoeba coli (14,6%) e Strongyloides stercoralis (6,7%). Blastocystis hominis foi observado em 23 (4,6%) amostras fecais com consistência predominantemente pastosa, não caracterizando quadro diarréico. Apesar da baixa prevalência de Blastocystis hominis encontrada na região de Araraquara, comparativamente a outras regiões brasileiras, é importante a realização do diagnóstico laboratorial desse protozoário. O encontro de Blastocystis hominis em material fecal é indicativo de contaminação de alimentos e água de consumo, desde que se admita a rota de transmissão oral-fecal deste parasita, o que implica na orientação da população sobre as medidas de saneamento básico e higiene como meio para se controlar problemas de saúde ocasionados pelos enteroparasitas. / Blastocystis hominis is a protozoan which causes an intestinal infection called human blasticistosis. Its diganosis is perfomed by stool examination and permanent staining techniques. Such methodologies were carried out on the present study in order to evaluate the prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in faecal specimens from the Araraquara region inhabitants. A total of 503 faecal samples were evaluated by the following techniques: examination fo fresh specimens, Lutz, Faust et al. and Rugai et al. besides the iron hemotoxylin, trichrome and modified Kinyon staining. Out of 503 stool samples examined 174 (34,6) were found to be positive for intestinal parasites. The most prevalent protozoan and helminth parasites were Entamoeba coli (14,6%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (6,7%) respectively. Balstocystis hominis was present in 23 (4,6%) stool samples, most of all of soft consistence and without diarrheic reports. Blastocystis hominis laboratorial diagnosis is important althought its prevalence has been low in Araraquara region. Blastocystis hominis findings is faecal specimens indicates the food and water contamination and since the transmission of this parasite is iral-faecal it implies that the population needs orientation about hygiene and basic sanitation conditions in order to control health problems caused by enteroparasites.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T13:39:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-12-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-09-27T13:45:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000870641.pdf: 755047 bytes, checksum: 904fea33f34db16ae9b0d792a4458f19 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / The present study investigated the occurrence of T. foetus in cats from Brazil. T. foetus is a protozoan that in cats it colonizes the colon resulting in colitis. The major clinical sign is chronic large bowel diarrhea. Infected cats may have spontaneous resolution of diarrhea, but they can remain infected for all life. In veterinary medical practice, there are three most widespread diagnostic methods that identify T. foetus in animal feces: direct examination of feces under the microscope, culture and PCR. In the present study, it was compared two diagnosis methods, direct examination of feces and PCR. And also it was done the genetic sequencing. Fecal samples from 129 cats were collected by rectal flush technique. Each sample was examined by optical microscopy (direct examination). The presence of T. foetus DNA was verified using PCR by amplification of 347 bases pairs from the primers TFR3 and TFR4. Amplicons of positive cases were sequenced. T. foetus was observed in one sample by direct microscopic examination of feces while PCR was positive in five cats (6.45%). Statistical analyses showed no significant associations between T. foetus infection and sex, age, breed, presence of diarrhea, history of diarrhea, previous treatment, lifestyle, environment, origin of the animals, and co-infections. The isolate of T. foetus showed 100% identical sequences with other T. foetus isolates from cats around the world and revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (T>C) when compared with T. foetus isolate from cattle. Due the increasing interest in this parasite in cats, the present study contributes in further reporting the worldwide occurrence of T. foetus in cats because it is the first study about its occurrence in Brazil. / FAPESP: 2011/112436

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:35:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 coelho_nmd_me_araca.pdf: 406925 bytes, checksum: b4d17da85b8093f899383793bd8d1c81 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP) / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de Cryptosporidium spp. em crianças e seus respectivos cães e gatos de estimação residentes no Município de Andradina, SP, por meio do Teste de Imunoadsorção Enzimática (ELISA). Durante o período de janeiro a agosto de 2009, foram analisadas 188 amostras fecais de crianças, bem como de seus respectivos cães e gatos de estimação para pesquisa de Cryptosporidium spp. O teste quiquadrado (χ2) foi utilizado para verificar a associação entre as variáveis: sexo, idade, raça e consistência fecal, com nível de significância de 5%. Pelo ELISA foi detectado Cryptosporidium spp. em em amostras fecais de 2,1% (4/188) das crianças com idade inferior a sete anos. Entre os animais examinados, 6,8% (9/132) dos cães e 5,4% (3/56) felinos apresentaram amostras positivas para este coccídeo. Tanto nas crianças como nos animais não houve influencia do sexo e da idade na detecção do Cryptosporidium spp. sendo que nestes últimos a raça também não influenciou (P> 0,05). Neste trabalho foi evidenciada uma baixa ocorrência deste parasito nas crianças, assim só será possível determinar com precisão a relação entre a infecção das crianças com dos animais, com a posterior caracterização molecular deste protozoário. / The objective this study was to evaluate the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. in children and their dogs and pet cats in the city of Andradina, SP. through Test-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), during the period from January to August 2009, we analyzed 188 fecal samples from children, as well as their dogs and pet cats for detection of Cryptosporidium spp. The chi-square test (χ2) was used to verify the association between gender, age, race and fecal consistency, with a significance level of 5%. Using ELISA was detected Cryptosporidium spp. in stool samples in 2.1% (4/188) of children under the age of seven years. Among the animals examined, 6.8% (9/132) of dogs and 5.4% (3/56) cats had positive samples for this coccidium. Both children and animals there was no influence of sex and age on the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. being that in these last race did not influence (P> 0.05). This study demonstrated a low occurrence of this parasite in children, so only you can accurately determine the relationship between the infection of children with the animal with the molecular characterization of this parasite.