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En möjlig väg till återhämtning : En studie om det själavårdande samtalet som en resurs i ett samhälle där alltfler drabbas av psykisk ohälsa / A possible way to recovery : A study of pastoral care as a resource in a society with increasing psychological ill healthWestlin, Ullakarin January 2013 (has links)
No description available.
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Genom sjukdomens ögon : Psykisk ohälsa hos äldre ur ett livsloppsperspektiv / Through the eyes of mental illness : Mental ill-health in the elderly population trough a life course perspectiveRödenhake, Erika January 2012 (has links)
Studiens övergripande syfte är "Att ur ett livsloppsperspektiv beskriva och analysera äldre personers erfarenheter av och berättelser om psykisk ohälsa och hur de upplever att den påverkar åldrandet". De ursprungliga frågeställningarna var: "Hur upplever äldre personer att åldras med psykisk ohälsa?" och "Hur kan psykisk ohälsa bland äldre förstås ur ett livsloppsperspektiv?". Under studiens gång utkristalliserades en tredje frågeställning som ett analytiskt resultat av datamaterialet. Den lyder: "Vilka livsstrategier använder dessa personer för att hantera sina liv med psykisk ohälsa?" Sex personer mellan 65 och 85 år intervjuades om sin subjektiva erfarenhet av att leva med psykisk ohälsa. Intervjuerna var semistrukturerade och livsloppsorienterade för att fånga livets sammansatta dynamik och upplevelsen av att leva ett långt liv med psykisk ohälsa. De viktigaste resultaten pekade på en mycket stark identifikation mellan sjukdom och person som också format intervjupersonernas berättelser om och upplevelser av det levda livet. Det blev också tydligt att ett långt liv med psykisk ohälsa påverkar livets helhet. / The aim of this study is: "From a course of life perspective describe and analyse elderly’s experiences and tales about psychological ill-health and how that is influencing the aging". The original question formulations were: "How does elderly people experience aging with psychological ill-health?" and "How can psychological ill-health among elders be understood trough a live course perspective?". During the study a third question arose as an analytical result from the study material. "Which strategies does these people use to cope with their lives with psychological ill-health?". Six persons between the age of 65 to 85 where interviewed about their subjective experience about living with psychological ill-health. The interviews where semi-structured and course of live oriented to catch life’s compound dynamics and the experience to live a long live with psychological ill-health. The most important result in the study shows that there is a very strong identification between illness and the person that formed the interviewee’s story about their experience of the life lived. It also became clear that a life with psychological ill-health has a life embracing meaning.
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The relationship between social capital and health and wellbeing of academics at a South African Higher Education Institution / Dalene VorsterVorster, Dalene January 2014 (has links)
The maintaining of health and well-being in the academic field of work is a widespread
challenge. The increased interest in social capital provides an opportunity for public health
coordinators in the academic field to advance their social agendas so that optimal
development within the relationship between social capital and health and well-being can
be constant that in turn enhance good working environments. This relationship between
social capital and health and well-being is embedded in networks of trust which lead to
coordination and cooperation in the academic field of work for mutual benefit. Provided by
social capital, there is a great opportunity for health coordinators, to flex their theoretical
muscles in coming to grips with the social elements of health determinants and health
promotions within the academic field of work. To understand the more progressive
interpretation of social capital, it calls for the creation of health promoting communities
through a process of mutual reinforcement of the social and the economic sector
(workplace). This study will distinguish between the micro, meso and macro levels of
social capital within health and well-being, within the academic field of work, with the
specific linking, bonding and bridging in their specific dimensions. / Thesis (M.A.(Sociology) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2014
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Occupational stress in a higher education institution / Frans Frederick MostertMostert, Frans Frederick January 2006 (has links)
Higher educational institutions no longer provide the low-stress and highly satisfying
working environment they once did. Higher educational institutions experience significant
changes, which include restructuring, reduction of state subsidy and use of short-term
contracts. Therefore, the changes in the higher educational environment can have costly
implications for institutions in terms of staff morale, turnover and absenteeism rates and
could also lead to reduced employee performance, poor quality control and a fall in
production. It therefore becomes increasingly important for higher educational institutions to
intervene to reduce the occupational stress of university staff.
The objectives of this study were to determine the occupational stressors for support staff at a
higher education institution in the North West Province, to investigate the relationship
between occupational stress, ill health, organisational commitment and important
organisational outcomes (including absenteeism, productivity and turnover intention) and to
assess the financial implications of these factors in a sample of support staff at a higher
education institution in the North West Province. A cross-sectional survey design was used.
The study population consisted of support staff at a higher education institution in the North
West Province (N = 292). An Organisational Screening Tool (ASSET) and a biographical
questionnaire were administered. Descriptive statistics, Pearson and Spearman correlations,
multiple regression analyses and discriminant analysis were used to analyse the results.
The results showed that, compared to normative data, support staff overall demonstrated
average levels of occupational stress. However, job control, resources, communication and
work relationships were found to be problematic stressors which mainly influenced
organisational commitment to the organisation. The prediction of losses suffered by the
higher educational institution due to absenteeism, presenteeism and turnover intention
indicate that occupational stress cost organisations greatly. Recommendations were made for the organisation and for future research. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
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Occupational stress in a higher education institution / Frans Frederick MostertMostert, Frans Frederick January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
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Occupational stress in a higher education institution / Frans Frederick MostertMostert, Frans Frederick January 2006 (has links)
Higher educational institutions no longer provide the low-stress and highly satisfying
working environment they once did. Higher educational institutions experience significant
changes, which include restructuring, reduction of state subsidy and use of short-term
contracts. Therefore, the changes in the higher educational environment can have costly
implications for institutions in terms of staff morale, turnover and absenteeism rates and
could also lead to reduced employee performance, poor quality control and a fall in
production. It therefore becomes increasingly important for higher educational institutions to
intervene to reduce the occupational stress of university staff.
The objectives of this study were to determine the occupational stressors for support staff at a
higher education institution in the North West Province, to investigate the relationship
between occupational stress, ill health, organisational commitment and important
organisational outcomes (including absenteeism, productivity and turnover intention) and to
assess the financial implications of these factors in a sample of support staff at a higher
education institution in the North West Province. A cross-sectional survey design was used.
The study population consisted of support staff at a higher education institution in the North
West Province (N = 292). An Organisational Screening Tool (ASSET) and a biographical
questionnaire were administered. Descriptive statistics, Pearson and Spearman correlations,
multiple regression analyses and discriminant analysis were used to analyse the results.
The results showed that, compared to normative data, support staff overall demonstrated
average levels of occupational stress. However, job control, resources, communication and
work relationships were found to be problematic stressors which mainly influenced
organisational commitment to the organisation. The prediction of losses suffered by the
higher educational institution due to absenteeism, presenteeism and turnover intention
indicate that occupational stress cost organisations greatly. Recommendations were made for the organisation and for future research. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
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Work wellness of academic staff in South African higher education institutions / Emmerentia Nicolene BarkhuizenBarkhuizen, Emmerentia Nicolene January 2005 (has links)
Academia is a demanding profession, as evidenced by a body of research that documents the
debilitating impact of occupational stress and burnout on the personal and professional
welfare of academics. In particular, high levels of these pathological phenomena, left
unchecked, undermine the quality, productivity and creativity of the academics' work in
addition to their health, well-being and morale. Despite these indicators of "weaknesses" and
"malfunctioning", academics know that there is times that they operate in a "milieu" of work
- there is an intense focus and pleasurable emotions, accompanied by high levels of
enthusiasm. Especially, with the upcoming positive paradigm in Occupational Health
Psychology, "positive" trends such as work engagement, optimism, organisational
commitment and life satisfaction are also commonplace among academics. The first step in
the enhancement of work wellness is the successful diagnosis of stress, burnout and work
engagement. However, to measure these constructs, it is important to use reliable and valid
instruments, and at the same time, take into account the cultural diversity in a multicultural
setting such as South Africa. Clearly then, an assessment of this type should be concerned
with the issue of construct equivalency. Furthermore, little information exists regarding the
causes and effects of occupational stress, burnout and work engagement of academics in
South Africa.
The general aim of this study was to standardise an adapted version of the Maslach Burnout
Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) for
academics in South African higher education institutions, to determine their levels of
occupational stress, organisational commitment and ill-health, and to test a structural model
of work wellness for South African academics.
A cross-sectional survey design was used, with stratified random samples (N = 595) taken of
academics in six South African universities. The Maslach Burnout Inventory - General
Survey, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, Job Characteristics Inventory, the Health and
Organisational Commitment subscales of the ASSET, The Life Orientation Test and
Satisfaction with Life Scale were administered. Cronbach alpha coefficients, exploratory
factor analysis, Pearson correlations, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), one-way
analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-tests and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse
the data. Structural equation modelling was used to test a structural model of work wellness.
Exploratory factor analysis with target rotations resulted in a three-factor model of burnout,
consisting of Exhaustion, Mental Distance and Professional Efficacy. The scales showed
acceptable internal consistencies and construct equivalence for two language groups.
Practically significant differences were found in the burnout levels of academics with regard
to their age, marital status and working hours.
Exploratory factor analysis with target rotations resulted in a two-factor model of work
engagement, consisting of Vigour/Dedication and Absorption. The scales showed acceptable
construct equivalence for two language groups (Afrikaans and English). One scale, namely
Vigour/Dedication showed acceptable internal consistency. Practically significant differences
were found between the work engagement of academics with different job levels and
qualifications.
Compared to the normative data, academics reported significantly high levels of stress
relating to pay and benefits, overload and work-life balance. Academics also reported high
levels of psychological ill-health, but experienced high levels of commitment both from and
towards their organisation. Organisational commitment did not moderate the effects of
occupational stress on ill-health. Analysis of variance revealed differences between the levels
of occupational stress and ill-health of demographic groups.
Regarding a model of work wellness, the results showed that job demands contributed to
burnout, while job resources contributed to work wellness (low burnout and high work
engagement). Burnout mediated the relationship between job demands and ill-health; work
wellness mediated the relationship between job resources and organisational commitment.
Dispositional optimism moderated the effects of a lack of job resources on work engagement.
Work wellness and health contributed to life satisfaction.
Recommendations for future research were made. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Work wellness of academic staff in South African higher education institutions / Emmerentia Nicolene BarkhuizenBarkhuizen, Emmerentia Nicolene January 2005 (has links)
Academia is a demanding profession, as evidenced by a body of research that documents the
debilitating impact of occupational stress and burnout on the personal and professional
welfare of academics. In particular, high levels of these pathological phenomena, left
unchecked, undermine the quality, productivity and creativity of the academics' work in
addition to their health, well-being and morale. Despite these indicators of "weaknesses" and
"malfunctioning", academics know that there is times that they operate in a "milieu" of work
- there is an intense focus and pleasurable emotions, accompanied by high levels of
enthusiasm. Especially, with the upcoming positive paradigm in Occupational Health
Psychology, "positive" trends such as work engagement, optimism, organisational
commitment and life satisfaction are also commonplace among academics. The first step in
the enhancement of work wellness is the successful diagnosis of stress, burnout and work
engagement. However, to measure these constructs, it is important to use reliable and valid
instruments, and at the same time, take into account the cultural diversity in a multicultural
setting such as South Africa. Clearly then, an assessment of this type should be concerned
with the issue of construct equivalency. Furthermore, little information exists regarding the
causes and effects of occupational stress, burnout and work engagement of academics in
South Africa.
The general aim of this study was to standardise an adapted version of the Maslach Burnout
Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) for
academics in South African higher education institutions, to determine their levels of
occupational stress, organisational commitment and ill-health, and to test a structural model
of work wellness for South African academics.
A cross-sectional survey design was used, with stratified random samples (N = 595) taken of
academics in six South African universities. The Maslach Burnout Inventory - General
Survey, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, Job Characteristics Inventory, the Health and
Organisational Commitment subscales of the ASSET, The Life Orientation Test and
Satisfaction with Life Scale were administered. Cronbach alpha coefficients, exploratory
factor analysis, Pearson correlations, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), one-way
analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-tests and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse
the data. Structural equation modelling was used to test a structural model of work wellness.
Exploratory factor analysis with target rotations resulted in a three-factor model of burnout,
consisting of Exhaustion, Mental Distance and Professional Efficacy. The scales showed
acceptable internal consistencies and construct equivalence for two language groups.
Practically significant differences were found in the burnout levels of academics with regard
to their age, marital status and working hours.
Exploratory factor analysis with target rotations resulted in a two-factor model of work
engagement, consisting of Vigour/Dedication and Absorption. The scales showed acceptable
construct equivalence for two language groups (Afrikaans and English). One scale, namely
Vigour/Dedication showed acceptable internal consistency. Practically significant differences
were found between the work engagement of academics with different job levels and
qualifications.
Compared to the normative data, academics reported significantly high levels of stress
relating to pay and benefits, overload and work-life balance. Academics also reported high
levels of psychological ill-health, but experienced high levels of commitment both from and
towards their organisation. Organisational commitment did not moderate the effects of
occupational stress on ill-health. Analysis of variance revealed differences between the levels
of occupational stress and ill-health of demographic groups.
Regarding a model of work wellness, the results showed that job demands contributed to
burnout, while job resources contributed to work wellness (low burnout and high work
engagement). Burnout mediated the relationship between job demands and ill-health; work
wellness mediated the relationship between job resources and organisational commitment.
Dispositional optimism moderated the effects of a lack of job resources on work engagement.
Work wellness and health contributed to life satisfaction.
Recommendations for future research were made. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Depressed, not depressed or unsure : prevalence and the relation to well-being across sectors in South Africa / Christa WelthagenWelthagen, Christa January 2011 (has links)
Depression is one of the most debilitating, widespread and costly health problems worldwide and has a high prevalence in almost every society. Research suggests that depression affects an individual‟s work engagement levels, burnout levels and the occurrence of stress-related ill health symptoms. However, it is unclear whether these findings would differ among individuals who reported that they suffer from depression and receive medical treatment for it, individuals who reported that they are unsure whether they suffer from depression, and individuals who reported that they do not suffer from depression.
This study is quantitative in nature and a cross-sectional design was used. The study population consisted of 15 664 participants from several sectors in South Africa. The participants also differed in terms of gender, age, race, marital status, educational level, language and the province where they reside. The sample population was thus representative of the diverse population of South Africa.
The SAEHWS, a self-report instrument based on the dual-process model of work-related well-being, was used to measure all constructs. The participants were divided into three groups, i.e. individuals who reported that they suffer from depression and are currently receiving medical treatment for depression, individuals who reported that they are uncertain whether they suffer from depression, and individuals who reported that they do not suffer from depression.
Frequencies were used to determine the prevalence of depression in the three different groups and MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance) was used to determine the significance of differences between the levels of work engagement, burnout and stress-related ill health symptoms of the three different groups (individuals who reported that they suffer from depression, individuals who reported that they are uncertain whether they suffer from depression, and those who reported that they do not suffer from depression).
The results showed that 18,3% of the population reported that they suffer from depression and receive medical treatment for depression, 16,7% of the population reported that they are unsure whether they suffer from depression and 65% reported that they do not suffer from depression. Furthermore, it was found that depression significantly influences work engagement levels negatively and that it significantly influences burnout levels and the occurrence of stress-related ill health symptoms positively.
This study will make organisations aware of the effect of depression on an individual‟s well-being and of the fact that depression is a factor to be reckoned with. Employers should consider ways to assist employees who suffer from depression and should learn how to act preventatively to decrease any further occurrence. / Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011
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Depressed, not depressed or unsure : prevalence and the relation to well-being across sectors in South Africa / Christa WelthagenWelthagen, Christa January 2011 (has links)
Depression is one of the most debilitating, widespread and costly health problems worldwide and has a high prevalence in almost every society. Research suggests that depression affects an individual‟s work engagement levels, burnout levels and the occurrence of stress-related ill health symptoms. However, it is unclear whether these findings would differ among individuals who reported that they suffer from depression and receive medical treatment for it, individuals who reported that they are unsure whether they suffer from depression, and individuals who reported that they do not suffer from depression.
This study is quantitative in nature and a cross-sectional design was used. The study population consisted of 15 664 participants from several sectors in South Africa. The participants also differed in terms of gender, age, race, marital status, educational level, language and the province where they reside. The sample population was thus representative of the diverse population of South Africa.
The SAEHWS, a self-report instrument based on the dual-process model of work-related well-being, was used to measure all constructs. The participants were divided into three groups, i.e. individuals who reported that they suffer from depression and are currently receiving medical treatment for depression, individuals who reported that they are uncertain whether they suffer from depression, and individuals who reported that they do not suffer from depression.
Frequencies were used to determine the prevalence of depression in the three different groups and MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance) was used to determine the significance of differences between the levels of work engagement, burnout and stress-related ill health symptoms of the three different groups (individuals who reported that they suffer from depression, individuals who reported that they are uncertain whether they suffer from depression, and those who reported that they do not suffer from depression).
The results showed that 18,3% of the population reported that they suffer from depression and receive medical treatment for depression, 16,7% of the population reported that they are unsure whether they suffer from depression and 65% reported that they do not suffer from depression. Furthermore, it was found that depression significantly influences work engagement levels negatively and that it significantly influences burnout levels and the occurrence of stress-related ill health symptoms positively.
This study will make organisations aware of the effect of depression on an individual‟s well-being and of the fact that depression is a factor to be reckoned with. Employers should consider ways to assist employees who suffer from depression and should learn how to act preventatively to decrease any further occurrence. / Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011
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