A un moment de l’histoire où l’émotion se veut l’adjuvant moteur de l’exercice et de l’action publique, ce travail de recherche s’inscrit à rebours d’une conception faisant de l’instantané et de l’événement les modes d’appréhension et d’expression de « sociétés liquides ». Fondé sur une approche critique, interdisciplinaire et humaniste, il étudie le comportement organisationnel dans un monde social lourdement impacté par un « managérialisme » mutilant l’histoire, la culture, et l’identité de cadres dirigeants publics dans les collectivités territoriales. Réhabilitant l’approche biographique comme stratégie d’accès au réel, la recherche met en évidence un « contrat psychologique » fondé sur un « équilibre stable » fruit d’une « double transaction biographique et relationnelle » autour de « l’éthique du bien commun », entre éthique de conviction et éthique de responsabilité. Elle étudie par la suite les logiques d’action qui se construisent aujourd’hui dans les administrations territoriales, où « l’image de l’organisation » comme « prison psychique » fait émerger des comportements allant de la défection à la résistance. / At a time in history when emotion wants to be an auxiliary driver in running local government, this research reverses the concept where snapshots and events are seen as ways of expressing and dealing with "fluid societies." Based on a critical, interdisciplinary and humanistic approach, it studies organisational behaviour in a social world seriously affected by a "managerialism" that is mutilating the history, culture, and identity of managers in local authorities. Reinstating the biographical approach as a strategy for getting to the core of reality, the research highlights a "psychological contract" based on a "stable equilibrium", the result of a "double biographical and relational transaction" which focusses on "the ethics of the common good", the midpoint between the ethics of conviction and responsibility. It then examines the working principles that are surfacing in local government today, where "the organisation's image" as a "mental prison" leads to behaviour ranging from defection to resistance.

Submitted by CAMILA CARRASCOZA BOMFIM null (camilabomfim167@gmail.com) on 2017-09-08T13:47:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Arquivo revisto MP 15.04 pdf.pdf: 16414897 bytes, checksum: 034a75902a6910c38c3b53aa7bb81c4e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-11T20:37:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 bomfim_cc_dr_ia.pdf: 16414897 bytes, checksum: 034a75902a6910c38c3b53aa7bb81c4e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-11T20:37:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 bomfim_cc_dr_ia.pdf: 16414897 bytes, checksum: 034a75902a6910c38c3b53aa7bb81c4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-30 / Esta pesquisa foi estruturada a partir da percepção do processo de encolhimento do número de orquestras profissionais subsidiadas por organismos estatais nos últimos anos, desde 2000. O esvaziamento dos ideais civilizatórios que orientaram a criação de sinfônicas em meados do século XX e a perda de identificação de boa parte da sociedade com determinadas práticas culturais vinculadas às elites são as hipóteses levantadas para justificar esse cenário de retração da música de concerto no Brasil e, de modo específico, na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, espaço privilegiado que congrega vários dos principais organismos culturais do país. O objetivo específico deste trabalho é comprovar a tendência de retração do quadro de orquestras profissionais ativas na região no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2016, investigando suas possíveis causas e significados. O estudo, elaborado com base no mapeamento das orquestras ativas ou extintas nesses 16 anos e na análise de estatísticas geográficas e socioeconômicas, bem como no histórico de formação das vias culturais na cidade de São Paulo, resultou na confirmação das hipóteses apontadas, relativas à perda da função social desses grupos e ao progressivo abandono, por parte do Estado, de um modelo de educação e civilidade estabelecido ainda na primeira metade do século XX. / This research builds upon the observation of the shrinking process of the number of professional orchestras subsidized by state bodies in the last years, since 2000. The decline of the civilizational ideals that led to the creation of symphonies in the middle of the XX century and the loss of appreciation of considerable part of the society in cultural practices turned to the elite are the hypotheses raised to justify this scenario of concert music retraction in Brazil and, specifically, in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, a privileged space that concentrates several of the main cultural organizations of the parents. This work’s intention is to prove the tendency of retraction of the professional orchestras in São Paulo in the period between 2000 and 2016, analyzing all possible reasons and explanations. This work, based on the picture of active or extinct orchestras in those 16 years and the geographical analysis and socioeconomic statistics, as well as the history of culture in the city of São Paulo, resulted in the confirmation of the hypotheses related to the loss of the social function of these groups and the progressive disbandment by the State of an educational model and civility established in the first half of the twentieth century. / La investigación se estructura a partir de la percepción de un proceso de reducción, desde el año 2000, del número de orquestas profesionales subvencionadas por organismos estatales. Se parte de la hipótesis que el borrado de los ideales civilizatorios que orientaron la creación de orquestas sinfónicas a mediados del siglo XX y la pérdida de identificación de buena parte de la sociedad con determinadas prácticas culturales vinculadas a las elites justifican ese escenario de retracción de la música de concierto en Brasil y, de forma específica, en la región metropolitana de San Pablo, espacio privilegiado que congrega varios de los principales organismos culturales del país. El objetivo específico del trabajo es comprobar la tendencia de reducción del cuadro de orquestas profesionales activas en la región, en el período comprendido entre 2000 y 2016, investigándose las posibles causas y significados. El estudio, elaborado con base en un mapeo de las orquestas activas o extinguidas en esos 16 años y en el análisis de estadísticas geográficas y socioeconómicas, así como en el histórico de formación de las vías culturales en la ciudad de San Pablo, confirmó las hipótesis iniciales, relativas a la pérdida de la función social de esos grupos y el progresivo abandono, por parte del Estado, de un modelo de educación y civilidad establecido en la primera mitad del siglo XX.

Bibliography: pages 86-93 / In South Africa, freedom of information (FOI) or the right of access to information (ATI) is entrenched in section 32 of the Constitution. Section 32 guarantees every citizen the right of access to any information held by the state or held by any other person that is to be used for the protection or exercise of any right. The Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA) is the law that gives effect to section 32 of the Constitution. Regardless of a remarkable trend towards the adoption of FOI laws globally, international trends have shown this does not automatically translate into fulfilment of people’s right to information, as access to information by citizens remains a challenging factor. This study utilised mixed method research through the explanatory sequential design to assess compliance with FOI legislation by public bodies in South Africa with the view to ensure transparency, accountability and good governance. In this regard, the study first conducted a quantitative study by analysing the reports of the South African Human Rights Commission from the reporting years 2006/07 to 2016/07 to assess compliance with sections 14, 17 and 32 of the PAIA. The compliance trends were identified and thereafter a qualitative study was conducted to answer the question why the situation was the way it was. In this regard, interviews were conducted with a purposively chosen sample from complying and non-complying public bodies. The targeted participants were records managers, deputy information officers or officials responsible for PAIA in each chosen public body. The mixing strategy for the current study was at the data analysis, presentation and reporting level. Key results suggest that over the years, there were problems in the implementation of the FOI legislation in South Africa and its use was limited. Where implementation has taken place, it has been partial and inconsistent. The responsibility for implementation of FOI legislation in most public bodies is assigned to legal departments that do not have knowledge of what records are created, where and how they are kept. With regard to compliance, in terms of the degree of comparison, the situation was better in national departments, worse in provincial departments (with full compliance from the Free State, Limpopo, Western Cape and, to some extent, KwaZulu-Natal) and worst in municipalities. The study recommends the establishment of an information governance unit to implement FOI in public bodies. This unit will also be responsible for other information functions such as records management and information technology. Failure to assign responsibility to a relevant unit would perpetuate the non-compliance with FOI legislation in South Africa. As a result, accountability, transparency and good governance preached by the public sector to advance democracy in South Africa would be a mirage. A model for the implementation of PAIA within a public body is suggested. / Information Science / M. Inf.