In 1994 the new government introduced a subsidy scheme where the beneficiaries are provided with houses through housing projects. The houses have been vastly criticised for being small and poorly built. The sites provided are perceived to be small. The recreational facilities are perceived to be non existent and educational facilities scarce. The places where the projects are, is perceived to be far away from job opportunities. A sample of 200 beneficiaries was drawn from 1024 beneficiaries residing in the housing project in the area of France, Edendale in Pietermaritzburg, Phases 1 and 11. In this study, the respondents were composed of 32.9% males and 67.1% females. The respondent’s age group who participated in this project was 3.9% between 0-21 years, 28.9% between 22-35 years, 34.2% between 36-45 years, 16.4% between 46-55 years, and 11.8% between 55- 65 years and 4.6% did not reveal their age status. 80.9%, indicated they were owners of the houses, 6.6% indicated that they were not and those that did not reply are 12.5%. The study is descriptive in nature and explored the extent to which the beneficiaries were happy with their houses. The study explored the perceptions on the size of the sites, the small starter houses, the sanitation provided and the location of the houses. The findings suggest that the provision of sustainable housing in South Africa is still a challenge. The houses are still located far from the places of work and they are so small and there is overcrowding. The sizes of the sites are small and the sanitation provided unacceptable. The recreational facilities are nonexistent. Beneficiaries expressed dissatisfaction with the educational facilities. / Thesis (MBA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2012.

Este estudo faz uma análise teórica e empírica dos processos de licitação e contratação de obras e reformas de prédios públicos em uma Universidade Pública Federal, utilizando a Teoria da Informação Assimétrica e dos Contratos. O período da pesquisa foi entre 2010 a 2013, na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, sendo que foram analisados 127 processos licitatórios e contratos. As análises revelaram diversas ocorrências em licitações e nas contratações de obras e reformas. Na etapa licitatória, anterior à contratação (ex ante), a sessão para lances das licitações de obras e reformas, em alguns casos, estiveram desertas. Na contratação e execução de obras e reformas (ex post), foram constatados diversos pedidos de prorrogação de prazos e de reequilíbrio econômico financeiro, e na fiscalização das obras e reformas foram constatadas 31 ocorrências nos serviços finalizados pelas Empreiteiras. Os resultados também indicaram que, do total dos processos analisados no período de 2010 – 2013, cerca de 30% das obras e reformas ainda não foram finalizadas ou estão suspensas, o que demonstra deficiências na fiscalização e na gestão dos contratos. Além disso, o tempo médio entre a abertura do processo e a conclusão dos serviços gira em torno de três anos, sendo que grande parte deste tempo foi despendido com procedimentos internos da UFRGS. Tais fatos indicam problemas de seleção adversa e assimetria de informações, além do Hold up problem, em que o Principal é tomado como refém pelo Agente e do problema do Risco moral (Moral Hazard), em que o Agente passa a agir de modo não apropriado ou não aprovado pelo Principal, com a ocorrência dos custos de transação. / This study makes a theoretical and empirical analysis of the processes of bidding and contracting works and reforms of public buildings in a Federal Public University, using Asymmetric Information Theory and Contracts. The period analyzed was between 2010 and 2013, at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, being that 127 bidding processes and contracts were analyzed. The analyses revealed several occurrences in tenders and hiring of work and restoration. In the bidding phase, prior to hiring (ex ante), the bidding session for work and renovations, in some cases, was deserted. There were several requests for deadline extension, and economic-financial adjustment in the work and restoration hiring and execution (ex post), while in the inspection of work and restoration it could be noticed 31 occurrences in services finalized by the contractors. The results also indicated that, of the total number of processes analyzed in the period 2010-2013, about 30% either have not been completed or are suspended, which shows deficiencies in the supervision and management of the contracts. In addition, the average time between the opening of the process and the conclusion of services is about three years, and much of this time was spent with internal procedures of UFRGS. These facts indicate problems of adverse selection and information asymmetry , in addition to the "Hold up problem", in which the Principal is taken hostage by the Agent besides the problem of Moral Hazard, when the Agent begins to act inappropriately or in a way which is disapproved by the Principal, together with the incidence of transaction costs.

Este estudo faz uma análise teórica e empírica dos processos de licitação e contratação de obras e reformas de prédios públicos em uma Universidade Pública Federal, utilizando a Teoria da Informação Assimétrica e dos Contratos. O período da pesquisa foi entre 2010 a 2013, na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, sendo que foram analisados 127 processos licitatórios e contratos. As análises revelaram diversas ocorrências em licitações e nas contratações de obras e reformas. Na etapa licitatória, anterior à contratação (ex ante), a sessão para lances das licitações de obras e reformas, em alguns casos, estiveram desertas. Na contratação e execução de obras e reformas (ex post), foram constatados diversos pedidos de prorrogação de prazos e de reequilíbrio econômico financeiro, e na fiscalização das obras e reformas foram constatadas 31 ocorrências nos serviços finalizados pelas Empreiteiras. Os resultados também indicaram que, do total dos processos analisados no período de 2010 – 2013, cerca de 30% das obras e reformas ainda não foram finalizadas ou estão suspensas, o que demonstra deficiências na fiscalização e na gestão dos contratos. Além disso, o tempo médio entre a abertura do processo e a conclusão dos serviços gira em torno de três anos, sendo que grande parte deste tempo foi despendido com procedimentos internos da UFRGS. Tais fatos indicam problemas de seleção adversa e assimetria de informações, além do Hold up problem, em que o Principal é tomado como refém pelo Agente e do problema do Risco moral (Moral Hazard), em que o Agente passa a agir de modo não apropriado ou não aprovado pelo Principal, com a ocorrência dos custos de transação. / This study makes a theoretical and empirical analysis of the processes of bidding and contracting works and reforms of public buildings in a Federal Public University, using Asymmetric Information Theory and Contracts. The period analyzed was between 2010 and 2013, at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, being that 127 bidding processes and contracts were analyzed. The analyses revealed several occurrences in tenders and hiring of work and restoration. In the bidding phase, prior to hiring (ex ante), the bidding session for work and renovations, in some cases, was deserted. There were several requests for deadline extension, and economic-financial adjustment in the work and restoration hiring and execution (ex post), while in the inspection of work and restoration it could be noticed 31 occurrences in services finalized by the contractors. The results also indicated that, of the total number of processes analyzed in the period 2010-2013, about 30% either have not been completed or are suspended, which shows deficiencies in the supervision and management of the contracts. In addition, the average time between the opening of the process and the conclusion of services is about three years, and much of this time was spent with internal procedures of UFRGS. These facts indicate problems of adverse selection and information asymmetry , in addition to the "Hold up problem", in which the Principal is taken hostage by the Agent besides the problem of Moral Hazard, when the Agent begins to act inappropriately or in a way which is disapproved by the Principal, together with the incidence of transaction costs.

The eyesight is one the most important human senses which supplies us with 80% - 90% of information about the surrounding world. It?s loss or a serious damage brings big and fundamental changes into life of the affected person and his surroundings. The social rehabilitation constitutes a very important vehicle for the re-integration of the visually impaired persons through it?s fundamental methods which are the re-education and making compensations for the lost sight. The compensation devices alone have a paramount importance in the lives of people with the visual impairment. At the present time, the market offers a lot of optical, non-optical or electronic gadgets for the visual compensation. The guide dog presents itself as one of the best working compensation solutions in the field of the space - orientation and movement. The first documentation about training dogs that would help the blind come from around year 1780 from a Parisian hospital for the blind. The account of the first trained guide dog come from the 80s of the 18th century; a blind Viennese Josef Reisinger himself has trained a guide dog then. The first news about training guide dogs in Czech Republic come from the years 1922 - 1924. In Czech Republic the guide dog training as a compensation help for the blind or visually impaired people has been established in 1991. This work is oriented at mapping out the possibilities of the entry of a guide dog into public buildings (restaurants, health clinics, schools, public offices etc) and it?s further use for the free-time activities from the point of view of the guide dog owners and of the public. Further, this work deals with the statistics of the number and the territorial division of guide dogs in South Bohemia between the years 2008 - 2011. While looking for the experience of the guide dog owners with their entering public buildings and organizing free time together with their dog, the individual in-depth interviews, the data from the focus groups and experiments have been used. To learn the views of the interviewees about their use of the guide dogs in public places, all the documentation obtained from the subjects who trained the guide dogs, the fact sheets from the focus groups and the individual in-depth interviews have been analysed. To learn the views of the public about the guide dogs entering public buildings and their use for their free time activities printed questionnaires had been used. This work may be used as a basis for the argumentation in the forming of the uniform conditions in the guide dog training in presenting them and in forming the proper laws for using the guide dogs by their owners. This work also shows the possibilities in use of the guide dogs in their free time.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-05-22T19:18:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Luiz Ferrador Filho.pdf: 5915578 bytes, checksum: 551fba401297a5d3da42829909edc17d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-22T19:18:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Luiz Ferrador Filho.pdf: 5915578 bytes, checksum: 551fba401297a5d3da42829909edc17d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / The building sector is one of the largest consumers of energy in global terms, hence the importance of search for energy efficiency in this Field. According to the buildings life cycle, it is in the operational phase in which the highest energy consumption occurs. This research aimed to identify opportunities for energy efficiency improvements in a public, existing and operational Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo building. The applied method was the case study. Data were collected in unstructured interviews and technical visits at the site, as well as related documentation examination. The data were analyzed by the PROCEL-Edifica prescriptive method, obtaining energy classification for the three characteristics of the building: the envelope got the label C, the illumination got label C and the conditioning of air got label B. The building general classification obtained was label C. The implications of this work for practice are in indicating potential improvements in the building's facilities to increase energy efficiency and in the analysis of potential and limitations for the study replication in other buildings. Some of the potential improvements identified were: change of fluorescent lamps to LEDs, change in the rooms lighting circuit, use of polarized films in the building’s glass, improvement in the vertical and horizontal shading of tower façades by using elements that reduce the direct incidence of sunlight. A basic investment payback period analysis for some improvements was conducted, as a examples to a action priorities definition. The method used can serve as a basis of a systematic to be replicated in other TJ/SP buildings. This study can contribute to the enhancement of the TJ/SP Sustainable Logistics Plan, in its line of buildings energy efficiency. In general, the prescriptive method accepted by PROCEL-Edifica criteria is indicated for this study’s replication in other buildings of the TJ/SP, due to the agility to change parameters theoretically and obtain results that may guide the introduction of energetic efficiency improvement measures. However, the “envelope” dimension evaluation has a more complex replication and possibly will require trained technicians participation when analyzing other buildings. / O setor de edificações é um dos maiores consumidores de energia em termos globais, daí a importância da busca da eficiência energética neste campo. Levando em conta o ciclo de vida das construções, é na sua fase operacional em que ocorre o maior consumo de energia. Esta pesquisa buscou identificar oportunidades de melhorias em eficiência energética em um edifício do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo, público, existente e operacional. O método aplicado foi o estudo de caso. Os dados foram coletados em entrevistas não estruturadas e visitas técnicas no local, além do exame de documentação relacionada. Foi feita a análise dos dados pelo método prescritivo do PROCEL-Edifica, obtendo classificação energética para as três características do prédio: a envoltória foi caracterizada com a etiqueta C, a iluminação a etiqueta C e o condicionamento de ar a etiqueta B. A classificação geral do prédio obtida foi etiqueta C. As implicações deste trabalho para a prática estão na indicação de potenciais melhorias nas instalações do prédio para aumento da eficiência energética e na análise de potencial e limitações para a replicação do estudo em outros prédios. Algumas das potenciais melhorias identificadas foram: mudança de lâmpadas fluorescentes para LED, alteração no circuito de iluminação de salas, uso de filmes polarizados nos vidros, melhoria no sombreamento vertical e horizontal das fachadas da torre pela utilização de elementos que diminuam a incidência direta da luz solar, como brises. Uma análise básica de tempo de retorno de investimento para algumas melhorias foi feito, demonstrando possível priorização de ações. O método usado pode servir como base de uma sistemática a ser replicada em outros edifícios do TJ/SP. Esse estudo visa contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento do Plano de Logística Sustentável do TJ/SP, na sua linha de eficiência energética de edifícios. No geral o método prescritivo aceito pelos critérios do PROCEL-Edifica é indicado para replicação do estudo em outros prédios do TJ/SP, devido a agilidade para alterar parâmetros teoricamente e obter resultados que orientem a introdução de medidas de melhorias da eficiência energética. No entanto, a avaliação da dimensão "envoltória" tem uma replicação mais complexa e possivelmente exigirá a participação de técnicos treinados quando da análise de outros edifícios.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:40:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Oliveira Gabriely.pdf: 531309 bytes, checksum: 43b7baa92cde22c2f49622a0f017a69b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-18 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / This work considers to study the social inclusion of the person with physical deficiency or mobility reduced in overthrown public buildings in the city of São Paulo. It involves theoretical research and of field. The theoretical research developed through the literary revision on the conceptualization of physical deficiency or reduced mobility, the conceptualization of public and private space, the falling, the accessibility and the social inclusion with emphasis in two areas: education and culture. The field research was carried through in two overthrown public buildings, with the application of interviews halfstructuralized with controllers and servers, whose proposal was to investigate the question of the social inclusion for people with physical deficiency or reduced mobility to the place that, for being tumbled, possess specific legislation of conservation, what it can make it difficult the necessary adaptations and the elimination of barriers. Over all, the field research was an indispensable tool to analyze the atitudinal question of controllers and servers in relation to the attendance and the promotion of the accessibility for the people with physical deficiency or mobility reduced in its dependences. The data gotten for the field research had been classified, selected and collated with the theoretical research, becoming after that the analyses. The research concludes that falling cannot be confused with plastering and evidences the necessity and importance of the information, the knowledge and the interactions with people with deficiency as elements facilitators of the felt accessibility in its amplest one. / Este trabalho propõe estudar a inclusão social da pessoa com deficiência física ou mobilidade reduzida em edifícios públicos tombados na cidade de São Paulo. O trabalho envolve pesquisa teórica e de campo. A pesquisa teórica desenvolveu-se através da revisão literária sobre a conceituação de deficiência física ou mobilidade reduzida, a conceituação de espaço público e de espaço privado, o tombamento, a acessibilidade e a inclusão social com ênfase em duas áreas: educação e cultura. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada em dois edifícios públicos tombados, com a aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com dirigentes e servidores, cuja proposta foi investigar a questão da inclusão social para pessoas com deficiência física ou mobilidade reduzida ao local que, por serem tombados, possuem legislação específica de conservação, o que pode dificultar as adaptações necessárias e a eliminação de barreiras. Sobretudo, a pesquisa de campo foi uma ferramenta indispensável para analisar a questão atitudinal de dirigentes e servidores em relação ao atendimento e a promoção da acessibilidade para as pessoas com deficiência física ou mobilidade reduzida em suas dependências. Os dados obtidos pela pesquisa de campo foram classificados, selecionados e confrontados com a pesquisa teórica, fazendo-se em seguida as análises. A pesquisa conclui que tombamento não pode ser confundido com engessamento e evidencia a necessidade e importância da informação, do conhecimento e das interações com pessoas com deficiência como elementos facilitadores da acessibilidade em seu mais amplo sentido.

Trata-se de estudo investigativo de mão dupla acerca do art déco enquanto expressão primaz do moderno - não modernista - na Obra Getuliana, que assinalada pelos inúmeros edifícios públicos erigidos no período de 1930 a 1945, contribuiu para disseminá-lo no país. A princípio buscou-se explicitar em forma de panorama, uma parcela da vultosa produção arquitetônica oficial desse período, a cargo das seções de engenharia e arquitetura dos ministérios civis. Para tal, recorreu-se ao universo das exposições propagandísticas das realizações do governo estadonovista, ocorridas a partir de 1938 no antigo Distrito Federal, nas quais a Obra Getuliana esteve em evidência. A saber: Exposição do 30º aniversário do Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas (1938); Exposição do Estado Novo (1938); Exposição do Ministério da Guerra (1941); e Exposição de Edifícios Públicos (1944). Como meio de se atestar o proposto, particularizou-se as produções do Ministério da Viação e Obras Públicas (MVOP) e Ministério da Educação e Saúde (MES), centradas respectivamente na arquitetura postal do Departamento de Correios e Telégrafos (DCT) e hospitalar relativa aos sanatórios para tuberculosos. Intentou-se também remontando o \"sistema de obras\" criado em 1939 para coordenar a referida produção oficial, e gerido pelo Departamento Administrativo do Serviço Público (DASP), entendê-la como alvo da política de racionalização dos serviços públicos pelo órgão máximo do executivo. Evidenciar as preocupações arquitetônicas oficiais relacionadas à estética e monumentalidade requeridas para os edifícios públicos nascidos dentro de um contexto político autoritário, mas progressista, foi outra forma de se averiguar a preponderância do art déco na Obra Getuliana. Nesse quesito, lançou-se mão da Revista do Serviço Público (1937-), veículo de comunicação entre Governo e funcionalismo, e de importantes registros da Obra e seu \"sistema\". / This is a two way investigative study about Art Deco whereas prime expression of the modern, but not modernist, in the Obra Getuliana, which was marked by numerous public buildings erected in the period from 1930 to 1945, thereby contributing to disseminate it in the country. At first we tried to explain it in shaped of panorama, a portion of the bulky official architectural production of this period, in charge of the sections of civil engineering and architecture departments. To this end, we adopted the universe of propagandistic exhibition of the achievements of the New State government occurred since 1938 in the former Federal District , in which the Obra Getuliana was in evidence . Namely : Exhibition of the 30th anniversary of the Ministry of Roads and Public Works (1938) ; Exposition of the New State (1938); Exhibition of the Ministry of War (1941) and Exhibition of Public Buildings (1944). As a means of proving the proposed, it was particularized the productions of the Ministry of Roads and Public Works (MVOP) and Ministry of Education and Health (MES), centered respectively on postal architecture of the Department of Posts and Telegraphs (DCT) and hospital on sanatoriums for tuberculosis. It was also attempted reassembling the \"system of works\" created in 1939 to coordinate such official production , and managed by the Administrative Department of Public Service (DASP),to understand it as a target for rationalization of public services policy by the highest body of the executive . Another way to determine the preponderance of art deco style in Obra Getuliana was to highlight the oficial architectural concerns related to aesthetics and monumentality required for those public buildings that were born within an authoritarian political context, but progressive. In this aspect, it made use of the Journal of Public Service (1937), vehicle of communication between government and civil service, and important records of the Obra and its \"system\".

Dans l’est des Gaules et les Germanies, quelques monuments encore conservés en élévation témoignent du nombre et de la qualité des constructions publiques en territoire lingon, éduen, leuque, séquane, rauraque ou helvète durant l’époque impériale. Notre connaissance de cette architecture monumentale reste pourtant très lacunaire, du fait de l’absence d’étude monographique sur les monuments ou de catalogue des collections lapidaires. L’étude présentée dans le cadre de cette thèse, consacrée à la ville de Mandeure, révèle une panoplie monumentale ambitieuse, depuis l’époque augustéenne jusqu’à l’époque tétrarchique. Elle s’appuie sur une reprise des recherches sur le terrain depuis 2001, comprenant des fouilles mais surtout des prospections de toute nature. Mandeure, ville où se situait le plus grand sanctuaire civique séquane, présentait sous le Haut Empire toutes les composantes monumentales d’une ville romaine canonique : théâtre, temples, thermes, portes monumentales, horrea , etc. L’étude des vestiges conservés in situ et des blocs isolés permet de restituer les programmes architecturaux de plus d’une dizaine d’édifices complètement inédits et de leurs différentes phases de construction, de restauration ou de réaménagement depuis l’époque médio-augustéenne jusqu’à l’époque sévérienne. L’étude des programmes décoratifs permet également de restituer un répertoire ornemental très riche. L’influence des modèles italiens, sans doute par l’Italie du nord et la Gaule narbonnaise, signale le caractère canonique des réalisations. Plusieurs séries de grands chapiteaux en marbre de Carrare constituent un témoignage rare dans la région de l’activité d’artisans italiens. / In Eastern Gaul and Germanies, several monuments still standing witness of the quantity and the quality of public buildings in lingon, aeduan, leuquan, sequan, raurac and helvet territory during the Imperial period. Our knowledge of this monumental architecture remains however incomplete, since there is no monograph dealing with those monuments or any lapidary collection catalog. This study, devoted to the city of Mandeure, reveals an ambitious display of monuments from the augustean period to the tetrarchian's. It is based on the fieldwork carried out since 2001, including digging and more specifically prospecting of all kind. Mandeure, the city where the largest sequani civic sanctuary was located, displayed during the imperial period every monumental elements of a classic roman city: theatre, temples, thermae, monumental gates, horrea, etc. The study of the preserved remains in situ and of isolated blocks unables us to re-establish all the differents process of construction, restitution or redevelopment from the medio-augustean era to the severinian's. The study of the decoration programs allowed us aswell to restore a very rich ornemental repertoire. The influence of italian models, probably coming from Northern Italy and the Narbonese Gaul, is a sign of the classic dimension of those realizations. Several set of large Carrare marble capitals constitute a rare testimony of the work of Italian craftsman in this area.

This thesis proposes a Chinese government building in HONG KONG reflecting the contemporary social, economic and political situation. It includes three parts: First, the study of the building systems of the building which reflect the symbolic idea of a gateway in the Central Business District of Hong Kong; second, the proposal to connect the existing system of elevated footbridges in the urban fabric of CBD in Hong Kong; Third, the implementation of this project by an advanced computer graphics workstation IBM 5080 with the softwares CADAM and ISD. In this way, the results are elucidated by a series of computer drawings which not only exemplify the architectural design process but also act as guidelines for students interested in computer-aided design. / Master of Architecture

The intent of this project was to develop a method of making architecture which incorporates into its design the unique features of the site and region. The site was chosen because of its unique physical features and strong regional character. The ideas of the layering of the walls was derived from the strata of a nearby bluff. The form of the building, a series of parallel walls, was an interpretation of the natural architecture of the region and the site. The curved wall that terminates the path through the building originated as a response to the meeting of a stream and the river. Out of this project came a building design that developed from the site in an incremental way. The architectural elements respond to the site through their individual form and structure, then as a collective whole. / Master of Architecture