The aim of this dissertation thesis is an analysis and comparison of the wages and the wage differentials between public and private sectors in the Czech Republic for the years 2008 and 2009, including an analysis of influence of the individual factors (education, length of experience, age and region) on the level of wages in public and private sectors and how the wage differentials affect the size of wage differentials between workers with tertiary and secondary education and the private rate of return on investment in education in the public and private sectors. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter provides an overview of economic theories and research on human capital, wage differentials and the private rate of return on investment in education. The second chapter is focused on analysis and comparison of the public and private sectors wages for the years 2008 a 2009 using descriptive statistics, the ANOVA analysis, Tukey's multiple comparison and regression analysis. The third chapter is concentrated on the calculation of wage differentials and on the calculation of private rate of return to investment in education of public and private sector using Mincer equation and Elaborated method. The result of this dissertation thesis is the finding that the influence of individual factors on the level of wages in the public sector is different from the private sector and that the private rate of return to investment in tertiary education in the public sector is smaller than in the private sector.

This thesis mainly deals with the issue of audit projects, whose activities are financed by EU funds. The thesis first tries to define and distinguish the concepts of audit and control, which builds on the description of persons carrying out these activities and the definition of basic methods in their work. Another part of the thesis deals with the audit and control in the public sector not only in the general scale, but also in the Czech Republic. This section therefore creates a king of base for the main chapters that deal directly with possibilities of obtaining funds from the European Union and the subsequent audit responsibilities. The last part is then designed to evaluate these issues using a practical example, audit research project "The COMPANIONS" funded by "The Framework Programmes" of the European Union.

The Diploma thesis is dealing with the usage of the private-public partnerships in the form of PPP projects. The main aim of this work is an evaluation of the PPP method whilst providing the public good as one of the main tools of financial projects from the public sectors. The thesis is briefly introducing the principles of public sector, its role and functions along with securing public good and their financing. The first part discusses the history of PPP projects, its characteristics and typology, as well as various advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional public contract model. The analytical part is dedicated to the implementation of the private projects and to public partnership in Czech Republic. The pilot projects are the D3 motorway and judicial complex in Usti nad Labem. Foreign projects are represented by M1/M15 motorway in Hungary and its comparison with the D3 motorway. The main section of the analytical part then focuses onto the analysis of the PPP projects, in terms of their effectiveness, financial aspects and the overall merits. In particular, a critical stance on the subject guarantees its objective evaluation. The conclusion of the thesis is evaluated whether it has indeed an effective method as it's sometimes called.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:10:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 sandro.pdf: 581703 bytes, checksum: 658548e0316508d75f3fb8532822b9d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-31 / O déficit da previdência brasileira vem se agravando, nos últimos anos, de tal forma que o Estado tem investido na busca de soluções emergentes para o equilíbrio das contas públicas. As reformas da previdência promovidas pelo Governo Federal nos anos de 1998 e 2003, trouxeram um novo arcabouço jurídico, como também um ordenamento legal para o setor, e nesta direção os estados e municípios envidam esforços para reformar e adequar seus sistemas previdenciários. Esta pesquisa aborda o processo de mudança organizacional e estratégica no setor público, considerando o período de implantação e adaptação do novo órgão gestor do Regime Próprio de Previdência do Município de Manaus - Amazonas, objetivando demonstrar os fenômenos sociais e políticos envolvidos com a reforma da previdência municipal, sob o enfoque do modelo contextualista de Pettigrew. A metodologia usada foi a do estudo de caso, do tipo histórico-organizacional, por constituir-se numa categoria de pesquisa cujo objeto é a unidade que se analisa em profundidade. Os resultados apontaram que a utilização do modelo facilitou a compreensão e a gestão no processo de mudança organizacional e estratégica no período de janeiro a julho de 2005.

O setor público representa um papel importante na sociedade e a efetiva governança nesse setor pode encorajar o uso eficiente de recursos, a exigência de responsabilidade em prestar contas para o administrador dos recursos, melhorar a administração e entrega dos serviços e, portanto, contribuir para tornar melhor a vida das pessoas. Atualmente, muitos países estão passando por uma reavaliação completa do papel do governo na sociedade. Surge disso uma redefinição da relação político-administrativa projetada para assegurar maior responsabilidade e uma redução do poder dos administradores. Nesse contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo geral verificar a aplicabilidade dos princípios e recomendações de governança corporativa para o setor público, indicados no estudo 13 do PSC/IFAC, ao setor público federal brasileiro. Para a realização desse propósito, utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, a qual foi dividida em pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo. A técnica de coleta de dados utilizada na pesquisa de campo foi a entrevista, dividida em duas partes: a primeira, utilizando a entrevista não estruturada, consistiu em deixar o entrevistado relatar a situação dos planos de gestão dos governos Fernando Henrique Cardoso e Lula; a segunda, utilizando a entrevista estruturada, consistiu em aplicar o questionário sugerido no estudo 13, do PSC/IFAC, com questões relacionadas às recomendações de governança para o setor público. A entrevista foi realizada na administração pública federal, em especial na Secretaria de Gestão, do Ministério de Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão. De uma forma geral, no que diz respeito aos princípios destacados no estudo 13, que deram origem às recomendações de governança, eles estão em consonância com os principais eixos da administração pública brasileira. Portanto, os princípios são perfeitamente aplicáveis ao setor público federal brasileiro. Quanto às recomendações de governança, percebe-se, também, a sua plena aplicabilidade, entretanto, deve-se considerar que os procedimentos checados estão a um nível mínimo de governança e que algumas recomendações precisam ser mais bem adaptadas ao setor público, pois estão com um enfoque muito privado. / The public sector plays an important role in society, and its effective governance may encourage the efficient use of resources, the demand for responsibility of reporting to the administrator of the resources; enhance administration and the delivery of goods, thus contributing to improve people’s lives. Many countries have gone through a complete re-evaluation of the role played by the government in society. This gives rise to a redefinition of the political-administrative relationship, which is devised to ensure that administrators face an increase in responsibility and a decrease in power. Within this context, the present dissertation aims at verifying the applicability to the public sector, of the principles and recommendations of corporative governance, as indicated in study 13 of PSC/IFAC, to the Brazilian Federal Public Sector. The qualitative approach, which comprised bibliographic and field research, was used in order to reach the intended purposes. Interviews were used for the data collection in the field research, and they presented two distinct parts: one using non-structured interview, which consisted of allowing the interviewee to report the situation of the management plans run under the presidency of Mr. Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Mr. da Silva; the other, based on structured interview, consisted of applying the questionnaire suggested by study 13, of PSC/IFAC, with questions on the governance recommendations for the public sector. The interview was carried out within the federal public administration, in special the Management Secretary – an organ within the Ministry of Planning, Budgeting and Management. In general terms, it is possible to state that the same principles that gave rise to the recommendation of governance, and that are emphasized in study 13, are in agreement with the basics of the Brazilian Public Administration. Therefore, the principles are absolutely applicable to the Brazilian Federal Public Sector. As far as governance recommendations go, it is noticeable that its thorough applicability is possible; however, one must take into account that the procedures verified are at a minimum level of governance, and that some recommendations have to be better adapted to the public sector, because they are still excessively focused on the private sector.

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de um estudo de caso (MINAYO, 1993, 2010; YIN, 2010), de abordagem qualitativa, realizado junto à Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, com o objetivo de identificar, sob a perspectiva de rito de passagem, como se dá a socialização dos ingressantes técnico-administrativos e que ações institucionais poderiam contribuir para consolidar o vínculo desses servidores. A pesquisa orientou-se pelo pressuposto de que as emoções afloradas durante a socialização de ingressantes na Administração Pública podem tanto contribuir quanto prejudicar a formação de vínculos afetivos, impactando, positiva ou negativamente, a identificação com a organização e o comprometimento com o trabalho. Assim, a socialização é contemplada como um reflexo da relação indissociável e interdependente entre indivíduo e sociedade, e a realidade social como um produto da socialização e da interação humana, em consonância com as concepções de Berger e Luckmann (2011), Cavedon (1990, 2000, 2010) e Setton (2010, 2011). Já a mudança de status, decorrente do ingresso no setor público, é tratada como um rito de passagem constituído de três fases, separação, margem e agregação, conforme teoriza Van Gennep (2011). Os dados foram coletados por meio de pesquisa documental, diários de campo, observação participante, questionários abertos, aplicados a ingressantes do concurso 2010, e entrevistas realizadas com servidores “antigos”, com apoio de um roteiro semi-estruturado. Os resultados sugerem que a fase de margem, correspondente ao estágio probatório de três anos, não é legitimada como um período de aprendizado, e, consequentemente, não há clara definição dos papéis de socializados (ingressantes) e socializadores (“antigos”). Existem expectativas de que os ingressantes adotem uma postura de humildade e deferência em relação aos “antigos”, e de que estes, por sua vez, assumam responsabilidades em relação ao aprendizado dos recém-chegados. Entretanto, em decorrência da indefinição de papéis, essas teatralizações, que são próprias da fase de margem, tendem a ser negligenciadas, causando conflitos que prejudicam o trabalho em equipe e o andamento do trabalho. A importação da lógica de mercado no serviço público também é evidenciada como origem de muitas das dificuldades identificadas, apontando para a necessidade de direcionar esforços visando uma conscientização nesse sentido. Como possível solução para os problemas levantados, sugere-se a realização de procedimentos ritualizados que reforcem o caráter de aprendizado da fase liminar, conduzidos por facilitadores designados e capacitados para tanto, que atuem como mediadores legitimados, em nível de unidade. Por fim, conclui-se que investimentos na socialização de recém-concursados são primordiais, podendo repercutir em maior comprometimento com o trabalho e melhores resultados em relação aos objetivos institucionais do que a implementação de mecanismos coercitivos de controle e de gestão do desempenho, característicos do modelo gerencialista que vêm se consolidando na administração pública desde o Plano Diretor da Reforma do Aparelho do Estado de 1995. / This work presents the results of a qualitative case study (MINAYO, 1993, 2010; YIN, 2010) that took place at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul with the aim of identifying, according to the perspective of rite of passage, how the socialization of the administrative staff is carried out and what institutional actions may contribute to the consolidation of organizational bonding. The research had its starting point in the assumption that newcomers who join the public sector experience emotions, triggered by socialization, that have the potential to either enhance or impair bonding processes, impacting identification with the organization and commitment to work in a positive or negative way. Thus, socialization is seen as a reflection of the inseparable and interdependent relation between individual and society whereas social reality is considered a by-product of socialization and human interaction, according to the conceptions of Berger and Luckmann (2011), Cavedon (1990, 2000, 2010) and Setton (2010, 2011). In its turn, the change of status caused by getting a job in the public sector is treated as a rite of passage that can be divided into three phases, separation, margin and aggregation, as theorized by Van Gennep (2011). The data was collected by means of documentary research, field journals, participant observation, open questionnaire applied to the newcomers of the 2010 selection process, and semi-structured interviews with senior level staff members. The results suggest that the margin phase, which corresponds to the three-year probationary period, is not legitimized as a learning period, therefore there‟s no clarity with regard to the different roles of “persons being socialized” and “agents of socialization”, to be respectively assumed by the newcomers and the senior level staff members. The newcomers should adopt a humble and respectful attitude towards their senior level colleagues, who, in turn, should undertake certain responsibilities in the learning process of the former. However, due to the lack of clearly defined roles and responsibilities, these expected theatrical-like behaviors tend to be neglected, leading to conflicts that disrupt teamwork and hinder the workflow. There‟s also evidence that the adoption of the market logic in the public sector may be the cause of many of the identified difficulties, which points to the need of directing efforts to raise awareness about this issue. A possible solution to the problems addressed by this research is the institutionalization of ritualized procedures designed to reinforce the learning-focused nature of the margin phase and conducted by properly trained facilitators, appointed to act as legitimate mediators in each decentralized unit. Finally, it is concluded that investments in the socialization of newcomers are essential and may yield stronger commitment to work and better results for the institution than the implementation of coercive mechanisms of performance management associated with the managerial model that has been consolidating itself in the public administration since the public sector reform of 1995.

O serviço público passa por um período de reinvenção e mudança em busca dos valores da Nova Gestão pública baseados na aproximação com as demandas da sociedade e incentivo a um ambiente aberto, transparente e inovador. Em consonância, o servidor público se posiciona cada vez mais de maneira ativa e consciente do seu papel, disposto a participar de um desafio aberto, diferente do imposto por um ambiente burocratizado e desumanizado. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa apoiou-se em um estudo de caso que se utilizou de uma observação participante permeada por um estudo teórico dos saberes necessários para entendela e pesquisá-la, envolvendo os conceitos de: inovação no setor público, intelectual orgânico e comunidades virtuais de prática. Para isso, foram acompanhadas e analisadas durante dois anos as interações da comunidade virtual de prática do Núcleo de Gestão Ambiental Integrada da reitoria do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Sul-rio-grandense que se utilizou do e-mail e do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem Moodle para desenvolver práticas no setor público Nesse contexto, a pesquisa sobre a realidade prática durante o período foi permeada pelo estudo teórico que identificou a postura do servidor público como intelectual orgânico, agente da mudança, aberto para a aprendizagem e inovador que se utiliza das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação atuando em comunidade virtuais de prática. Ao final, a pesquisa delimitou um quadro teórico para identificar, caracterizar e posteriormente auxiliar na organização, condução e análise de experiências com comunidades virtuais de prática como ambiente de inovação no serviço público visando o desenvolvimento da postura de intelectual orgânico. / The public service is undergoing a period of invention and changes in search of the New Public Management values-based approach to the demands of society, and encourage an open, transparent and innovative environment. Accordingly, the civil servant positions itself increasingly active and conscious of its role, willing to participate in an open challenge, other than imposed by a bureaucratic and dehumanized environment. In this context, this research was based on a case study that was used a participating observation permeated by a theoretical study of knowledge required to understand it and research it, involving the concepts of innovation in the public sector, organic intellectual and virtual communities of practice. For this, they were monitored and analyzed for two years the interactions of virtual community of practice of the Núcleo de Gestão Integrada of the rectory of the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Sul-rio-grandense which used e-mail and virtual learning environment Moodle for to develop practices in the public sector In this context, the research on the practical reality during the period was permeated by theoretical study that identified the attitude of civil servants as organic intellectual, change agent, open to learning and innovator who uses of Information and Communication Technologies when working in virtual communities of practice. At the end, the survey identified a theoretical framework for identifying, characterizing and subsequently assist in the organization, conduct and analysis of experiences with virtual communities of practice and innovation environment in the public service for the development of the organic intellectual’s posture.

Syfte Studien syftar till att med hjälp av sjuksköterskor vid Landstingen i Värmland och Dalarna bidra till forskningen om hur sjuksköterskorna själva uppfattar att dagens NPM-influerade styrning inom vården påverkar deras förutsättningar att skapa värde. Frågeställningar • Vad är det som sjuksköterskorna själva uppfattar styr deras arbete? • Vilka områden upplever sjuksköterskorna påverkas av styrningen? • Vilka brister inom styrningen har sjuksköterskorna uppmärksammat och ser de några potentiella lösningar? • Hur anser sjuksköterskorna att förutsättningarna för värdeskapande påverkas av styrningen? Metod För att svara på studiens syfte har en kvalitativ ansats tagits. Det har utförts sjutton personliga intervjuer med sjuksköterskor på olika kirurgavdelningar inom Värmlands och Dalarnas Landsting. Resultat Studien visar att den NPM-influerade styrningen har en mestadels negativ påverkan på sjuksköterskornas möjlighet att skapa värde. Avdelningschefens styrning hade en positiv påverkan på sjuksköterskornas arbete. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde ett orimligt krav på produktivitet där hög genomströmning av patienterna efterfrågades, ofta i konflikt med vårdkvalitet. Bristande kommunikation mellan ledning och sjuksköterskor medför också onödig irritation och missnöje från sjuksköterskor. Slutsats Den hierarkiska maktstrukturen som idag finns inom sjukvården påverkar sjuksköterskorna på kirurgavdelningarna på landstinget i Värmland och Dalarna negativt när det kommer till deras möjlighet att skapa värde. Problemen rörande krav på produktivitet och dokumentation från ledningen har förvärrats av den hierarkiska strukturen och att sjuksköterskorna inte får vara med och påverka sitt eget arbete i den mån de önskar. / Purpose The aim of the paper is to research how today's NPM-influenced methods of control affects the nurse’s ability to create value from the nurses point of view. Problem • According to the nurses, what controls their work? • Which areas are affected by the management control according to the nurses? • What flaws in the management control have the nurses noticed and do they see any potential solutions? • How do nurses consider the conditions for value creation to be influenced by management control? Methodology In order to answer the purpose of the study has a qualitative approach been used. Seventeen interviews were conducted with nurses at different surgeon sections in Värmland and Dalarna county. Results The study shows that the NPM-influenced governance has a negative impact on the nurses' ability to create value. The management control from the head of the department had a positive impact on nurse’s work. The nurses experienced an unreasonable demand for efficiency, where high flow of patients was requested, often in conflict with the safety of the patient. A lack of communication between management and nurses also causes unnecessary irritation and dissatisfaction from nurses. Conclusion The hierarchical power structure that exists today in the healthcare negatively affects the nurses on the surgeon sections in the county of Värmland and Dalarna when it comes to their ability to create value. The problems regarding the demands of productivity and documentation has been worsened by the hierarchical structure and the fact that the nurses cannot influence their own work to the extent they wish.

This paper examines the performance of Indian banks by studying the effects of recent reforms and macroeconomic events. Indian banks went through a period of reforms in the past twenty years. The impact of these reforms and major macroeconomic events has been examined using time-series analysis. Event studies offer additional perspective on the short-run effect of the events on different types of Indian banks. Although, the event dates are not all statistically significant in the time-series regressions, the demonetization of 2016 is significant in the event study analysis. Thus, while reforms and events have immediate impact on the performance of Indian banks, the effects did not always persist over the larger time-period.

Voluntary Sector Organisation Public Partnerships (IOPs) are a new form of collaboration for voluntary and public organisations, which aim to give financial support ta a welfare service provided by the voluntary actor. The aim of this study is to examine the importance of voluntary organisations in the modern welfare state. The importance they have as welfare producers. In this study i have chosen to look at how Karlstad municipality works with IOP cooperation. My theoretical starting point of this study have been the concept of social capital and how IOP collaboration works from a trust perspective. I have used both document study and interviews to answer my purpose. I have interviewed both officials in Karlstad municipality and representatives of the voluntary organisations that have IOP cooperation with the municipality in Karlstad. The conclusion I have found here is that Karlstad municipality and the three voluntary organisations I met, have a good collaboration with a high level of trust between them. But there is also some dissatisfaction that it is the municipality that benefits most from the cooperation. Another conclusion is that IOP collaboration has a great impact on the individuals who get help through the voluntary organisations. The study shows that many of these individuals would be completely helpeless unless the voluntary organisations improve their work.