Because of the increasing importance of signal processing in today's society, there is a need to easily experiment with new ways to process signals. Usually, fast-performing digital signal processing is done with special-purpose hardware that are difficult to develop for. GPUs pose an alternative for fast performing digital signal processing. The work in this thesis is an analysis and implementation of a GPU version of a digital signal processing chain provided by SAAB. Through an iterative process of development and testing, a final implementation was achieved. Two benchmarks, both comprised of 4.2 M test samples, were made to compare the CPU implementation with the GPU implementation. The benchmark was run on three different platforms: a desktop computer, a NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier and a NVIDIA Jetson TX2. The results show that the parallelized version can reach several magnitudes higher throughput than the CPU implementation.

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The aim of the Master's thesis was to study contemporary methods for human pulse detection from standard video and suggest a method, which can be used to detect the pulse. Approaches of detecting miniature changes between frames of a video are presented. Position changes of the feature points or changes in colour of some part of an image are detected. It capitalize on the fact that those changes are caused by the pulse of blood. The method for color changes magnification is selected as a base for pulse detector. Face regions of interest are analyzed to detect frequency of changes of intensity between frames. 1D signal is gained and its analysis leads to heart rate. Approach to create heat map of frequency changes is also presented.

LADAR (Laser Detection and Ranging) systems constitue a direct extension of the conventional radar techniques. Because they operate at much shorter wavelengths, LADARs have the unique capability to generate 3D images of objects. These laser systems have many applications in both the civilian and the defence fields concerning target detection and identification. The extraction of these features depends on the processing algorithms, target properties and 3D images quality. In order to support future LADAR hardware device developments and system engineering studies, it is necessary to understand the influences of the phenomena leading to the final image. Hence, the modelling of the laser pulse, propagations effects, reflection properties, detection technique and receiver signal processinghave to be taken into account. A complete simulator has been developed consisting of a graphical user interface and a simulation program. The computer simulation produces simulated 3D images for a direct detection pulse LADAR under a wide variety of conditions. Each stage from the laser source to the 3D image generation has been modelled. It yields an efficient simulation tool which will be of help in the design of the future LADAR systems and gauge their performances. This master’s thesis contains the theoretical background about laser used to build the simulation program. The latter is described schematically in order to provide an insight for the reader. The graphical interface is then presented as a short user’s manual. Finally, in order to illustrate the possibilities of the simulator, a collection of selected simulations concludes the report.

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This diploma thesis deals with the feasibility of using PVDF nanofibers as an active sensor layer generating electrical signal. PVDF and related electromechanical effects are described. A research study is conducted regarding existing PVDF nanofiber applications and based on it, an event sensor design utilizing triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction is proposed. The electrical response of the layers is experimentally investigated and a pulse detection algorithm is conceived and implemented. Finally, a way of integrating the sensor into a rail track is proposed.

In this thesis we suggest a technique for detecting pulses by signal processing of a raw ECG signal registered from 4 electrodes located on the left upper arm. The signal processing is performed in Matlab and consists of normalization, lowpass filtering, highpass filtering, derivation, squaring and a moving average window to reduce interference. The technology is capable of extracting periods between heartbeats after an implemented detection algorithm. The thesis also includes reflections on the types of interferences that may affect an electrical development equipment and also methods of how major parts of the interference can be reduced by different shields. Before the technique is applied in a final product, further tests may need to be performed during the monitoring of a person's pulse. Finally, we believe that our development of pulse detection is the beginning of a new technology that in the future can save lives. / I den här rapporten föreslår vi en teknik för att detektera pulser med hjälp av att signalbehandla en rå EKG-signal registrerad från 4 elektroder placerade på vänster överarm. En signalbehandling utförd i Matlab som bland annat består av normering, lågpassfiltrering, högpassfiltrering, derivering, kvadrering samt ett glidande medelvärdesfönster för att reducera störningar. Tekniken är kapabel till att utvinna tider mellan hjärtslag efter en implementerad detekteringsalgoritm. Rapporten innefattar även reflektioner kring vilka typer av störningar som kan påverka en elektrisk utvecklingsutrustning samt metoder för hur större delar av störningarna kan reduceras med hjälp av olika skärmningar. Innan tekniken appliceras i en slutlig produkt kan ytterligare tester behöva utföras under monitorering av en persons puls. Slutligen anser vi att våran utveckling av pulsdetektion är en början på en ny teknik för att kunna rädda liv.

Heart rate can say a lot about a person's health. While most conventional methods for heart rate measurement require contact with the subject, these are not always applicable. In this thesis, a non-invasive method for pulse detection is implemented and analyzed. Different signals from the color of the forehead—including the green channel, the hue channel and different ICA and PCA components—are inspected, and their resulted heart rates are weighted together according to the significance of their FFT peaks. The system is tested on videos with different difficulties regarding the amount of movement and setting of the scene. The results show that the approach of weighting measurements from different signals together has great potential. The system in this thesis, however, does not perform very well on videos with a lot of movement because of motion noise. Though, with better, less noisy signals, good results can be expected. / En människas puls säger en hel del om dennes hälsa. För att mäta pulsenanvänds vanligtvis metoder som vidrör människan, vilket iblandär en nackdel. I det här examensarbetet tas en metod för pulsmätningpå avstånd fram, som endast använder klipp från en vanlig videokamera. Färgen i pannan mäts och utifrån den genereras flera signalersom analyseras, vilket resulterar i olika mätvärden för pulsen. Genomatt värdera dessa mätvärden med avseende på hur tydliga signalernaär, beräknas ett viktat medelvärde som ett slutgiltigt estimat på medelpulsen. Metoden testas på videoklipp med varierande svårighetsgrad,beroende på hur mycket rörelser som förekommer och på vilketavstånd från kameran försökspersonen står. Resultaten visar att metodenhar mycket god potential och att man kan man förvänta sig finaresultat med bättre, mindre brusiga signaler.

Afin d’apporter les soins adéquats aux victimes d'arrêt cardiaque extrahospitalier, l'évaluation de leur état hémodynamique est primordiale. La prise de pouls manuelle ne permet pas une identification fiable de l'arrêt cardiaque par les profanes ou une discrimination des rythmes organisés par les premiers intervenants. Dans ce contexte, l'entreprise Schiller Médical a cherché à intégrer dans sa gamme de défibrillateurs un module de détection de l'hémodynamique systémique par analyse de l'électrocardiogramme et des variations d'impédance transthoracique recueillis via les électrodes de défibrillation. Ce travail de recherche mené en partenariat entre l'entreprise Schiller Médical et l'Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien de l’Université de Strasbourg a consisté dans un premier temps a recherché, lors d'arrêt cardiaque induit électriquement chez l'homme, des descripteurs des variations d'impédance transthoracique marqueurs de l’hémodynamique systémique. L’identification des descripteurs les plus pertinents a par la suite permis de construire des modèles prédictifs des défaillances circulatoires. Nous avons mis en lumière des limites à l’utilisation des variations d’impédance transthoracique. Elles sont prises en considération pour la documentation des interventions extrahospitalières destinée à l’apprentissage des algorithmes de classification des rythmes perfusants et rythmes sans pouls. / Providing suitable emergency care during out of hospital cardiac arrest requires the diagnostic of the circulatory status. Manual pulse check does not provide a reliable way for laypersons to identify cardiac arrest or for first responders to discriminate organized rhythms. Thus, Schiller Medical sought to embed an hemodynamic sensor in its external defibrillators by analyzing the electrocardiogram and transthoracic impedance recorded via the defibrillation pads. This thesis work stemmed from a partnership between Schiller Medical and the Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien of the Université de Strasbourg. We first identified transthoracic impedance featureslinked with the circulatory status by studying clinically induced cardiac arrest. The most relevant features were later selected to form predictive models of hemodynamic collapse. We uncovered restrictions to the use of transthoracic impedance. We took them into account for the annotation of out of hospital cardiac arrests aimed at training algorithms for the classification of pulseless electrical activity and pulsatile rhythms.