Hip fractures are common injuries with devastating consequences, including high rates of morbidity and mortality. The purpose of my thesis was to lay the foundation for further research which can fully explore: i) the epidemiology of morbidity and mortality following hip fracture; ii) risk factors for poor outcomes following hip fracture; iii) causes and pathways to mortality following hip fracture; iv) secondary prevention of morbidity and mortality following hip fracture; and v) potential interventions to improve outcomes following hip fracture. To this end, I will first detail the design, execution, results, and ‘lessons learned’ of a prospective observational pilot cohort study that recruited 100 consecutive patients aged ≥18 years presenting with a hip fracture to the Juravinski Hospital and Cancer Centre of the Hamilton Health Sciences. The primary aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of a larger prospective international cohort study. Second, I will present a systematic review and meta-analysis of a promising intervention that consisted of multi-disciplinary (specifically geriatrician-led) co-management of hip fracture patients. This intervention has previously been shown to reduce mortality and length of stay following hip fracture. The meta-analysis presented will determine the effectiveness of this intervention in reducing the incidence, duration, and severity of delirium—a common condition following hip fracture. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

This thesis examines the alt-right movement through two conservative American news sites. The sites that were looked at were Breitbart and National Review. Five articles that discussed the alt-right movement were chosen from each news site. The articles that were chosen had all been written under 2016. This specific year was chosen due to the presidential election that was held that year. It is also because of the increased media coverage that the alt-right movement was receiving due to their connection to then candidate Donald Trump. The purpose of this thesis is to examine if there is a difference in the way the alt-right movement is described by the two new sites. To examine this, three factors were chosen as a foundation for the thesis. The factors dealt with the description of the members of the alt-right, racism and western values. The result showed a significant difference in how the alt-right movement was being portrayed by the articles form Breitbart and National Review. The articles from Breitbart showcased a positive description by sympathizing with their fight against the conservative establishment. The articles from National Review had a complete different outlook on the movement and deemed it as racist and threatening to the foundation of conservatism in the United States.

Passive localization of aircraft in flight using signal time of arrival (TOA) poses some unique challenges. The sensors must be deployed in an approximately coplanar configuration, which produces significant vertical uncertainty in the estimated position. This dissertation examines the traditional algorithms used in passive localization. It presents general forms of linear TOA, time difference of arrival (TDOA), angle of arrival (AOA), and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) equations from the literature and explains how to apply an intuitive geometric interpretation of these equations. It presents two novel algorithms for passive localization. One uses a one dimensional AOA (1AOA) to improve the vertical estimate. The other employs an a priori estimate to approximate the non-linear localization problem as a linear problem and produce a high quality position estimate. A comprehensive survey of the literature is presented. This dissertation provides a summary and classification of passive localization algorithms from the literature with simple descriptions of how the form of the equations relate to their numerical stability. It presents two novel algorithms for passive localization. The hybrid multilateration and triangulation algorithm improves wide area multilateration by using vertical 1AOA to constrain the vertical position. The multilateration with a priori estimates algorithm provides a linear localization method that utilizes previous location estimates.

In the dynamic domain of Development, Security, and Operations (DevSecOps), a quantitative approach is critical, with the usage of metrics being a key method to realize this goal. However, there is a notable absence of a set of metrics and assessment specifically for Cloud-Based Web Microservices (CBWMs) within a DevSecOps framework. This study seeks to fill this void by developing a quantitative assessment framework designed for CBWMs in the context of DevSecOps. Utilizing a Multi-Vocal Literature Review (MLR) methodology, we gathered and analyzed 92 documents from 2018 to 2023, sourced from IEEE Xplore, Springer, and Google, to select twelve effective metrics for CBWM assessment within DevSecOps. These metrics, categorized by scale and interrelationships, were chosen due to the tools available in the market for obtaining them, their general applicability across various CBWMs, and their clearly defined measurements and criteria. Each metric is supported by academic and industry literature, providing a comprehensive basis for their selection. Leveraging the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) II and the stages of Development and Operations (DevOps) – Plan, Code, Build, Test, Release, Deploy, Operate, and Monitor – our framework outlines an assessment flow that segments into three phases - Development, Integration, and Post-Deployment, aligning with the iterative Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). This structure facilitates continuous improvement of CBWMs within a DevSecOps framework using these carefully selected metrics. / 2025-01-08T00:00:00Z

Background: Online reviews generated by consumers are a vital source of information driving purchase decisions by consumers. Nevertheless, identifying the credibility of online reviews remains an obstacle, since not all online reviews are credible. This paper aims to determine the influence of credibility on the consumption of eWOM and S-eWOM in the tourism industry. Design/Methodology: This research provides an in-depth analysis of the insider experience connected to challenges facing travelers (customers) to evaluate online reviews and grant credibility to eWOM in the TripAdvisor platform. Specifically, this research explored the end-user experience and the role of social media in providing new opportunities to help customers overcome challenges they face in trusting eWOM and S-eWOM, in addition to the possible influence of COVID-19 in shaping participants’ credibility judgment. Guided by a qualitative approach, this interpretive study is conducted through an observation using the walkthrough and interviews with 18 participants from uOttawa. Nvivo12 software was used to organize, categorize, and analyze the data. Results: This study draws on Media Richness theory to provide a broad theoretical lens and a grounded theory approach which uncovered Two fundamental theories: the four maxims of cooperative principles by Grice and the Big Five personality traits to help interpret findings. Using thematic analysis, five main themes were uncovered: (1) Quality and quantity of the content, (2) Consumer, (3) Credibility and expertise of the communicator, (4) The platform, product type, and COVID-19 (context), and (5) The strength of social tie in the community. Research Limitations/Implications: The inability to generalize the data due to a small sample of respondents is a limitation of this research. Outcomes can help tourism managers support the reviews that accommodate a balanced view of the positive and negative aspects of travel-related products and services.

Background: In older age polypharmacy is common due to a higher rate of chronic diseases. Taking multiple medications can result in drug related problems resulting in higher health care costs. OptiMEDs is an information and communications technology (ICT) guided medication review program that was created to improve the quality of the prescription of medicines in elderly. A pilot study of OptiMEDs was performed in 3 nursing homes in Belgium during 2019-2020.  Aim: To update the explicit criteria behind OptiMEDs and to make the tool more specific.  Method: Through a literature search of explicit criteria of potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIM-lists), newer versions published between 1st of January 2018 – 31st of October 2022 were sought. Redundancy of alerts was reduced by removing all the double alerts of PIMs. To minimize the number of alerts issued by the tool, several approaches to exemptions from and exclusion to PIMs were tested. To evaluate the improvement, results from the previous and new rule base were compared using the same dataset from the OptiMEDs feasibility trial.  Results:OnlyonePIM-list(Beer’scriteria)hadanewversion,resultingin45PIMsbeingadded to the database and 33 PIMs were removed. Removal of the duplicates resulted in a database with 594 PIMs. With the OptiMEDs data set; The amount of patients having a PIM decreased with 25.1 % when removing EU(7)-list as a source. The amount of patient having at least one candidate for deprescribing decreased with 10.4 % when only keeping the deprescribing.org and RTCs as a source.  Conclusion: The update probably made OptiMEDs more user-friendly as the number of PIMs decreased and the number of medications candidated for deprescribing decreased. However, an important further update is still needed, which is to include the clinical-based PIMs.

Dedication to a Process argues that while judicial review is a justified decision-making procedure in a democratic scheme of government on instrumentalist grounds, it will always come at a politico-moral cost. Chapter One surveys Thomas Christiano’s egalitarian conception of democracy to establish a scheme of democracy upon which to ground this analysis. This chapter argues that under Christiano’s account of the normative grounds of democracy, which is rooted in the fundamental social justice principle of public equality, there are necessary limits to democratic authority. When these limits are exceeded, there is a results-based argument available that can justify the use of judicial review from a Razian perspective, however, this manner of decision-making comes at the concession of a significant politico-moral value that is bound up with democratic authority: intrinsic justice. Chapter Two analyzes Ronald Dworkin’s constitutional conception of democracy to determine if there is a way to pay down the cost of judicial review. This chapter will argue that a purely content-based analysis like the one Dworkin is suggesting with his holistic scheme of democratic authority may be able to avoid the loss of intrinsic justice. However, if we are more concerned not with content but with who the authoritative voice is on constitutional matters, as is the case with Christiano’s modular scheme of democratic authority, then we must revert to the conclusion reached in Chapter One. Chapter Three considers Wil Waluchow’s theory of Community Constitutional Morality to rule out the possibility that judges appealing to a community’s positive normative commitments as a kind of customary constitutional law can be grounded in public equality, thereby retaining democratic authority and avoiding the politico-moral cost established in Chapter One. This chapter will argue, however, that despite passing the Public Equality Test mechanically, there is an important value argument to be made that locates intrinsic justice within characteristically democratic institutions such as the legislature and that any compromise of the democratic process must result in a politico-moral loss if we are indeed dedicated to the process. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

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