Annotation: This thesis concerns in detail with the system of social services which contribute to the process of social inclusion of the Roma minority in the area of Jihlava city. The thesis describes analytically particular services from a point of view of their needs, focus and range, and puts them in the context of theoretical knowledge of social work and its importance for integration. It specially focuses on the local excluded Roma urban localities, it maps their current status and analyses the general situation from a viewpoint of next development related to the housing of Jihlava's Roma people. Proposals for measures how to improve the living conditions of the Roma community in Jihlava and its coexistence with the majority are a part of this thesis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valeria Sanchez Silva.pdf: 11424365 bytes, checksum: adcd13d9f2578205b0dd9d46b7089b94 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work stands on the individuation process, facilitated for the alterity relation crossing the gipsy non-gipsy ways (rom-gadjé). This thematic was sketched from internal images and was configured with the necessity of experimentation. The empiric cerne of this work was developed through an inter-ethnic coexistence from 1992 to 2003. Jung´s analytical theoretical recital opened the possibilities of dialectics for the understanding of this alterity, which has became a mirror in the difference of shade that the other induces / Este trabalho trata do processo de individuação, facilitado pela relação de alteridade, atravessada pelos caminhos cigano não cigano (rom gadjé). Esta temática esboçou-se a partir de imagens internas e foi-se configurando em necessidade de experimentação. O cerne empírico deste trabalho deu-se na convivência inter-étnica de 1992 a 2003. A fundamentação teórico-analítica de Jung abriu as possibilidades dialéticas para a compreensão desta alteridade, tornada espelho na diferença da sombra que o outro induz

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Les cucurbiturils (CBn) sont des molécules-cages synthétiques constituées d'un nombre n d'unités glycoluril et dont les applications en chimie, en biologie et en physique ont commencé à être exploitées au début des années 2000. Ces composés trouvent leur importance dans un grand nombre de domaines incluant la chimie en phase solide, le piégeage des contaminants en solution, la catalyse ou encore l'encapsulation de principes actifs pour des applications pharmaceutiques futures. Ces récentes molécules-cages rejoignent le large groupe des récepteurs synthétiques comprenant les cyclodextrines, les calixarènes, les cryptophanes, les carcérands et hémicarcérands. L'encapsulation des gaz dans ce type de structures est encore mal connue à l'heure actuelle et, dans ces travaux de thèse, notre intérêt s'est porté sur la complexation de gaz, notamment de xénon, dans les cucurbiturils. Ces travaux ont débuté par la synthèse de nouveaux cucurbiturils hydrosolubles dans le but d'étudier leur capacité d'encapsulation des gaz rares et de petits alcanes comme le méthane et l'éthane, notre objectif final étant de définir de nouvelles règles régissant l'encapsulation des gaz par les cucurbiturils. Les gaz rares allant de l'hélium au krypton ont été étudiés. Parmi ces gaz, le xénon hyperpolarisé a particulièrement retenu notre attention du fait de son intérêt dans la conception de biosondes pour le développement de nouvelles méthodes de diagnostic en IRM. Dans ce mémoire, la synthèse de nouveaux cyclohexylcucurbiturils mixtes hydrosolubles et leurs études en présence de xénon sont rapportées. Un nouveau cucurbituril mixte constitué de cinq unités glycoluril et d'une unité glycoluril à six chaînons a également été synthétisé. Les deux premiers chapitres constituent une introduction au phénomène d'encapsulation des gaz ainsi que des généralités sur la famille des cucurbiturils. Le troisième chapitre est consacré aux résultats obtenus au laboratoire sur la synthèse de nouveaux composés. Dans un quatrième chapitre, nous avons développé une méthode permettant la préparation de précurseurs d'analogues acycliques de cucurbiturils. Pour cela, la réaction de métathèse par ouverture de cycle associée à la métathèse croisée (ROM-CM) a été utilisée pour mener à bien cette synthèse. Enfin, un cinquième chapitre est consacré aux résultats concernant l'étude de l'encapsulation de gaz dans les nouveaux cucurbiturils synthétisés, étude effectuée en collaboration avec le Laboratoire de Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique du CEA de Saclay.

A 4 bit, Rom-Less Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer (DDFS) is designed in 65nm CMOS technology. Interleaving with Return-to-Zero (RTZ) technique is used to increase the output bandwidth and synthesized frequencies. The performance of the designed synthesizer is evaluated using Cadence Virtuoso design tool. With 3.2 GHz sampling frequency, the DDFS achieves the spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of 60 dB to 58 dB for synthesized frequencies between 200 MHz to 1.6 GHz. With 6.4 GHz sampling frequency, the synthesizer achieves the SFDR of 46 dB to 40 dB for synthesized frequencies between 400 MHz to 3.2 GHz. The power consumption is 80 mW for the designed mixed-signal blocks.

Article 4.1(h) in the Rome I regulation establishes which law that will be applicable on contracts concerning financial instruments concluded in multilateral systems. The main problem is that most contracts concluded within these systems have standard clauses which contain a clause on the applicable law. If this is the case, Article 3.1 in the Rome I Regulation is applicable instead. This problem makes it difficult to find a need for article 4.1(h) if it will only be applicable in exceptional cases. However, the legal position on this matter is still unclear since the Rome I Regulation has just been put into force. It is therefore important that future case law, in a clear and precise way, determines how article 4.1(h) shall be used in order for it to be properly used within the sphere of international private law.

No description available.

<p>Article 4.1(h) in the Rome I regulation establishes which law that will be applicable on contracts concerning financial instruments concluded in multilateral systems. The main problem is that most contracts concluded within these systems have standard clauses which contain a clause on the applicable law. If this is the case, Article 3.1 in the Rome I Regulation is applicable instead. This problem makes it difficult to find a need for article 4.1(h) if it will only be applicable in exceptional cases. However, the legal position on this matter is still unclear since the Rome I Regulation has just been put into force. It is therefore important that future case law, in a clear and precise way, determines how article 4.1(h) shall be used in order for it to be properly used within the sphere of international private law.</p>

Stenosis is one of the most common causes for spinal surgery. Laminectomy decompression and fusion are surgical procedures prescribed for this condition. The intention of this work was to investigate the effects of a laminectomy decompression, followed by fusion, on a lumbar functional spinal unit (FSU) through in vitro dynamic (±8Nm at 0.125Hz) and quasi-static (±7.5Nm at 0.1Hz) biomechanical tests, for flexion, extension, bending and rotation motions. Six FSUs where disarticulated from four human cadaveric lumbar spines (63 ± 12 years) and were tested under the following sequence: (1) intact, (2) laminectomy decompression, and (3) Pedicle Screw System (PSS), using a load-displacement controlled system. Dynamic neutral zone (NZ), dynamic neutral zone stiffness (NZS) and the range of motion (ROM) were the parameters evaluated. Since only 6 FSUs from different spinal levels were used, any effect related to the spinal level could not be evaluated. This limitation enforced to consider normalized data (with respect to intact) as an alternative analysis, but large standard deviations after transforming the data forced us to contemplate this "a pilot study". Dynamic testing revealed that there were no significant differences in the neutral zone magnitude for any motion after a laminectomy decompression, while its magnitude for flexion-extension was significantly affected by PSS treatment (p<0.004). The change in dynamic NZ (normalized data) was significantly different (p<0.03) after both treatments for flexion-extension motion. The reduction in stiffness (normalized data) for extension after a laminectomy, and the increase in stiffness (normalized data) for flexion and extension after PSS treatment, were both significant (p<0.03 and p<0.05, respectively). The ROM were not statistically significant for the three treatments, but normalized data showed significant differences (p<0.05) for all motions, except for right bending after laminectomy and right rotation after PSS. Non-normalized data from quasi-static testing didn't show any statistically significant difference between the treatments for any motion. Normalized data suggested significant differences for the change in ROM for all motions at multiple load conditions, especially for flexion and extension. This pilot study suggests there may be a considerable effect of a laminectomy on the stability of a lumbar FSU. Dynamic data suggested the changes in neutral zone stiffness triggered by a laminectomy procedure may be significant for extension. PSS treatment increased segment's NZ stiffness by more than double. The changes in ROM from quasi-static loading caused by a laminectomy decompression may be significant as well, especially for flexion (20%) and extension (greater than 10%). It is suggested that further studies involving spine biomechanics should consider and report, but not be limited to the following variables: exposure time of the specimen to room temperature, preservation and testing conditions, ligaments and joints conditions, testing protocol, and loading history.

När något lagval inte gjorts gällande köpeavtal vid auktionsförsäljning av lösa saker är det lagen i det land där auktionen äger rum som ur svenskt perspektiv ska tillämpas, 4 § 3 st. lag (1964:528) om tillämplig lag beträffande internationella köp av lösa saker (IKL). Därmed krävs att internetauktioners fysiska plats fastställs, vilket leder till svårigheter eftersom det inte finns en geografisk plats för hemsidor. På området finns även Europaparlamentets och rådets förordning (EG) nr 593/2008 av den 17 juni 2008 om tillämplig lag för avtalsförpliktelser (Rom I-förordningen), vilken dock lämnar företräde för IKL. Rom I-förordningen har en bestämmelse lik den i IKL men med en väsentlig skillnad, nämligen att auktionsregleringen endast är tillämplig om en fysisk plats kan fastställas. I annat fall tillämpas först och främst säljarens lag och det finns även möjlighet till avvikelse när köpeavtalet har en uppenbart närmare anknytning till ett annat land än det som utpekats. Var en internetauktion har sin fysiska plats är långtifrån klart även om olika förslag till en sådan har framförts. En strikt tillämpning av IKL ger till skillnad från Rom I-förordningen inte någon möjlighet till beaktande av köpeavtalets anknytningar till olika länder, vilket är anledningen till att en tillämpning av Rom I-förordningen skulle vara eftersträvansvärd. Dock är det IKL som ska tillämpas och då det är mycket osäkert var och om fysisk plats för internetauktioner överhuvudtaget kan fastställas, är det möjligt att huvudregeln för köp av varor i IKL måste tillämpas. Det skulle innebära en tillämpning av säljarens lag, vilket dock inte är eftersträvansvärt vid auktionsförsäljning. Med hänsyn till att konsumentköp vid internetauktioner blivit allt vanligare kan även konsumentskyddsregler påverka den tillämpliga lagen.