Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Self-driving is simply the capacity of a vehicle to drive itself without human intervention. To accomplish this, the vehicle utilizes mechanical and electronic parts, sensors, actuators and an AI computer. The on-board PC runs advanced programming, which permits the vehicle to see and comprehend its current circumstance dependent on sensor input, limit itself in that climate and plan the ideal course from point A to point B. Independent driving is not an easy task, and to create self-sufficient driving arrangements is an exceptionally significant ability in the present programming designing field. ROS is a robust and versatile communication middle ware (framework) tailored and widely used for robotics applications. This thesis work intends to show how ROS could be used to create independent driving programming by investigating self-governing driving issues, looking at existing arrangements and building up a model vehicle utilizing ROS. The main focus of this thesis is to develop and implement a one-tenth scale of an autonomous RACECAR equipped with Jetson Nano board as the on-board computer, PCA9685 as PWM driver, sensors, and a ROS based software architecture. Finally, by following the methods presented in this thesis, it is conceivable to build an autonomous RACECAR that runs on ROS. By following the means portrayed in this theory of work, it is conceivable to build up a self-governing vehicle.

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This thesis is concerned with the optimalization of suspension arm desing in term of rigidity wheel direction and weight.

Formula Student is a global engineering competition where university students collaborate to design, construct, and race formula-style cars. Aerodynamics is one aspect in the vehicle design that can improve on-track performance by increasing cornering and straight-line speed. To improve the aerodynamics of KTH Formula Student's DeV18 vehicle, the side structure is being redesigned. The current model, DeV17, features an underperforming tunnel-based side structure. To address this issue, this had the goal to investigate a new multi-element wing design that utilizes ground effect. The design study of the DeV18 vehicle is conducted using Siemens NX 2212 for 3D modelling and Simcenter Star-CCM+ 17.06.008-R8 for airflow simulations. To quickly investigate certain design parameters effect on the results, Design Manager Project inside Simcenter Star-CCM+ is used. The resulting side structure produces a total of 26 N of downforce and 6 N of drag at 40 kph, more than twice that of DeV17’s side structure while also producing less drag. Although this significant improvement compared to DeV17, it is believed that further increases in performance are necessary to compete with top teams. By using a more sophisticated method to optimize the multi-element wing, such as adjoint optimization, the concept could be improved. However, the overall potential of the concept is still considered too limited to achieve the desired performance goals, which is why it will no longer be investigated further.

This qualitative study examined the psychological demands of Formula One Racing, and the psychological skills former Formula One drivers utilized to meet those demands. The participants were nine former drivers, from six different countries, who have competed in at least one Formula One World Drivers Championship grand prix. The qualitative data were gathered using a semi-structured interview framework, developed by the researcher, to explore the psychological skills established from other validated psychological skills questionnaires, such as the Test of Performance Strategies, (Thomas, Murphy, & Hardy, 1999). Eight of the interviews were done via Skype, and one interview was performed in person. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and then sent to the participants to make any edits or corrections. Once the transcriptions were approved, the data were coded by the researcher using constant comparative methods as described in Charmaz (2006). Three phases of coding resulted in four themes and 14 sub-themes. The themes that emerged include: (1) Applied Sport Psychology in Formula One, (2) Psychological Skills, (3) Uncontrollable Aspects of Competition, (4) Career Components. Drivers used various psychological skills in a focused effort to aid their performance. Drivers discussed the important role psychology plays in their sport, and the psychological resources available to them during their career. Drivers discussed the danger element of their competition, and how they and their competitors managed the fear associated with racing. The drivers in this study competed in an era that was much more dangerous than the current era of Formula One racing (Barnes, 2013). The drivers' use of psychological skills, and perceptions of sport psychology, may guide consultants working with race car drivers and those working with other populations that have similar psychological and physical demands. / Kinesiology

<p dir="ltr">The automotive industry has witnessed a significant transformation in recent years, largely driven by the emergence of electric powertrains. These systems offer a cleaner and more efficient alternative to traditional internal combustion engines, marking a pivotal shift towards sustainability in the transportation sector. At the heart of electric vehicles (EVs) lies the powertrain, a complex assembly of components tasked with converting electrical energy into mechanical power to propel the vehicle. In the context of electric race cars, the design and optimization of the powertrain are of utmost importance to achieve high performance on the track. The powertrain typically consists of four major components: the motor, inverter, battery, and gearbox. Each of these components plays a critical role in ensuring the efficient conversion and utilization of electrical energy to drive the vehicle forward. The process of designing an electric race car powertrain begins with a thorough understanding and explanation of each component's function and contribution to overall performance. This foundational understanding serves as the basis for subsequent analysis and optimization efforts. Central to the design process is the selection and configuration of the motor and battery, two key components that heavily influence the vehicle's performance characteristics. To facilitate this decision-making process, engineers leverage specialized software tools such as OptimumLap, MATLAB, and Simulink. OptimumLap allows engineers to input relevant parameters of the race car, such as its drag coefficient and frontal area, to gain insights into its aerodynamic performance. By conducting simulations on specific race tracks, such as the Adelaide circuit, engineers can generate valuable data representing the vehicle's performance in terms of lap times and speed. MATLAB's Grabit tool is then utilized to extract velocity data from the simulation results, providing crucial input for further analysis. This data is used to create a comprehensive table of values representing the vehicle's velocity profile under different conditions. Finally, engineers develop a Simulink model to simulate the operation of the electric powertrain under various scenarios. This model allows for the extraction of critical performance metrics and parameters, enabling engineers to optimize the motor and battery configuration to meet the specific requirements and constraints of the race car.</p>

Formula Student is Europe’s most established engineering competition, with teamsall over the world. Practical problem solving in combination with applyingacademic knowledge, give students the opportunity to explore their field of study inan exciting and meaningful way. Aerodynamic development of race cars have seen significant results in competitionsince its introduction in the 1960s. Initial designs were adaptations of aerospaceconcepts for ground vehicles. Development relied solely on track- and wind tunneltesting but despite their rudimentary designs, significant performance increaseswere made. The purpose of aerodynamic development of race cars is to balance thecar, getting it to behave as desired. As a consequence of the forces generated, thevehicle corners faster at the cost of acceleration and top speed. With more powerfulcomputers, earlier unsolvable equations started to get numerically solved andcomputational fluid dynamics was born. CFD introduced the possibility for rapiditeration and exploration of more intricate designs. This report will solely utilizeCFD as a simulation tool, recognising its limitations in accuracy and real worldcorrelation. The aim of this study is to increase downforce on the front wing, whilst beingcautious of downstream impact. The goal set by the team is an adjustable frontwing that generates as much downforce as possible, whilst allowing for adjustmentsto shift the center of pressure by promoting more air to the side-structure. Toachieve this, an iterative design process based on literature is the chosen method.Continuous cross evaluations with other parts of the design team is of the highestimportance to avoid poor interaction between aerodynamic devices. The (negative) lift coefficient was increased from 4.7 to 5.7 for the entire vehicle, byonly improving the front wing. This was very satisfactory as increases upstreamoften lead do degraded performance downstream. An increased lift coefficient ofover 20%, with improvements to front wheel drag and similar side-structureperformance, demonstrate the quality and effectiveness of the design.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 27-30, 1997 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / This student paper was produced as part of the team design competition in the University of Arizona course ECE 485, Radiowaves and Telemetry. It describes the design of a telemetering system for race cars. Auto Racing is an exciting sport where the winners are the ones able to optimize the balance between the driver’s skill and the racing teams technology. One of the main reasons for this excitement is that the main component, the race car, is traveling at extremely high speeds and constantly making quick maneuvers. To be able to do this continually, the car itself must be constantly monitored and possibly adjusted to insure proper maintenance and prevent damage. To allow for better monitoring of the car’s performance by the pit crew and other team members, a telemetering system has been designed, which facilitates the constant monitoring and evaluation of various aspects of the car. This telemetering system will provide a way for the speed, engine RPM, engine and engine compartment temperature, oil pressure, tire pressure, fuel level, and tire wear of the car to be measured, transmitted back to the pit, and presented in a way which it can be evaluated and utilized to increase the car’s performance and better its chances of winning the race. Furthermore, this system allows for the storing of the data for later reference and analysis.

The aim of this master’s thesis is to evaluate the effect of shock absorber on vehicle limits. At the beginning of the thesis, shock absorber properties were described. Then computational model was created and manoeuvres for shock absorber behaviour were defined. Created mathematical model is based on quarter model of a car and excitation in form of road with a random profile is an essential part of the model. This model was used for evaluation of heave. After heave analysis, shock absorber behaviour during drive was investigated. Drive conditions were defined as set of handling manoeuvres. For the drive investigation, complete multibody virtual model of racing car was used. Based on drive investigation analysis, optimal damping characteristics for each manoeuvre were found. Furthermore, each optimal characteristic was compared for different manoeuvres. Obtained results were compared. As a conclusion, compromise damping characteristic was suggested with the aim to fit the combination of all defined drive conditions. Final part of the thesis was aimed at validation of the computational model. Data measured during real drive were used as an input for this validation.

Tato diplomová práce je věnována vývoji a analýze zavěšení Formule Student. V úvodu je představena mezinárodní soutěž Formula Student, její disciplíny a historie týmu TU Brno Racing a UH Racing. V teoretické části je detailní popis charakteristik pneumatiky, kinematický návrh zavěšení a aerodynamiky s ohledem na závodní vozy. V části věnované konstrukčnímu návrh je popis vývoje ramen zavěšení, vahadel a zadního stabilizátoru. Návrh kinematických charakteristik vozu Dragon 5 je detailně popsán a porovnán s předešlou variantou. Mimo vývoje kinematiky Dragon 5 je popsán vývoj vozu UH 18. Závěrečná kapitola detailně analyzuje zaznamenaná data z testování vozu Dragon 4.