Racialized people comprised 16.3% of Winnipeg’s population in 2006. Only 5% of all social workers in Winnipeg are racialized social workers. The literature indicates that non-White social workers do not experience social work practice the same as their White cohorts. The goal of this research is to understand the experiences of non-White social workers in Winnipeg and their perceptions of social work practice with multicultural populations. Using qualitative research methods, interviews were conducted with eight non-White social workers in Winnipeg, Manitoba that have worked with non-White and White clients. The analysis of the data indicates that non-White social workers feel that by virtue of being ‘visible minorities’, they are perceived differently by employers, co-workers, and the clients they work with. The participants feel the colour of their skin is often more of a factor in being perceived as competent, than their actual professional skills, training, and abilities.

Racialized people comprised 16.3% of Winnipeg’s population in 2006. Only 5% of all social workers in Winnipeg are racialized social workers. The literature indicates that non-White social workers do not experience social work practice the same as their White cohorts. The goal of this research is to understand the experiences of non-White social workers in Winnipeg and their perceptions of social work practice with multicultural populations. Using qualitative research methods, interviews were conducted with eight non-White social workers in Winnipeg, Manitoba that have worked with non-White and White clients. The analysis of the data indicates that non-White social workers feel that by virtue of being ‘visible minorities’, they are perceived differently by employers, co-workers, and the clients they work with. The participants feel the colour of their skin is often more of a factor in being perceived as competent, than their actual professional skills, training, and abilities.

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At the end of the US Civil War, thousands of former Confederates refused to live in a Reconstructed South, packed up their belongings, and left the country. The vast majority of these Southerners went to Mexico, Brazil and British Honduras. This thesis focuses on a settlement of Confederate families in Tuxpan, Veracruz, Mexico. By studying one settlement in depth, I demonstrate that the migrants were not all economic refugees or war refugees who uniformly returned to the United States. Instead, it shows the complex ideologies that prompted the creation of the settlement and promoted its development. The efforts of the settlers hinged heavily on race, making the settlement an important place to examine the way that race is created and utilized internationally. Accustomed to framing themselves as white in opposition to US blacks, the Southerners in Mexico had to reconstruct their whiteness in opposition their non-white Mexican neighbors. At the same time, they shaped an exoticized form of whiteness for their “Spanish” Mexican neighbors in order to prove to their friends and family in the United States that Mexico was a sufficiently civilized place. / text

This thesis project explores the ways that we/us/our, they/them, you/your and other grammars/pronouns position readers in relation to a nationalizing we. Building on the work of Michael Billig and his articulation of a theory of banal nationalism, I argue that curricular materials, authorized grade eight Ontario textbooks specifically, reflect and represent a national we that gets racialized—essentialized, arbitrarily defined and divided and continually reproduced—through the use of a grammar that permeates the representations of geography, language arts, science and mathematics discussions in curricular textbooks. Using a theory of racialized deictic nationalism, one that points to the representation of a racialized us that reproduces and reflects seemingly natural nationalized populations, I argue that the texts both actively operate to contain the imagined spaces of the nation and describe it as our space exclusive of a them through the subtlety of grammar. As a means of contesting the ease with which a racialized deictic nationalizing grammar is used, I analyze a Wikipedia article as an exploration of a potential space for re/writing notions of the racialized deictic national we. While the analysis of the Wikipedia article and the “behind the scenes” discussion highlights the difficulties of escaping the trappings of a racialized deictic national us, the analysis serves to show that individuals do hold differential conceptions about who we are and how seemingly static notions of us don’t accurately reflect us. I conclude with a discussion of the pedagogical implications of this project.

1998 Dozier Award Winner / A 1994 article by Virginia Dominguez proposes that institutional practices of hyperprivileging minorities do not challenge, but instead reproduce structures of racialization in American society. Minority scholars benefitting from these practices are therefore complicit in the very processes that make them "Other." The classic Gramscian dichotomy of force and consent, however, is inadequate for understanding the complexity of Dominguez's thesis regarding the social construction of minority types. This paper offers an approach to understanding the more complex processes of hegemony that forestall an oversimplified conceptualization of "force" and "consent" by examining the ways in which relations of domination are experienced and negotiated daily by those in positions of subordination. An outline of the psychological implications of "diversity" are explored within a problematized framework of hegemony that highlights the non-homogenized nature of racial opposition to dominant discourses and ideologies. The paper moves beyond the social construction of minority types to explore the performative aspects of minority participation in racializing cultural practices. Minority strategies of acting "as if" point to the potential explanatory power of performance theory within the realm of hegemonic social formations.

Utifrån tidigare forskning om rasifiering undersöktes i denna studie hur elever med invandrarbakgrund gav mening åt erfarenheter och upplevelser av rasifiering. Rasifiering är en process där man skapar raskategoriseringar och genom vilken icke-vita har blivit socialt konstruerade. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om det finns en relation mellan rasifiering och självkänsla. Ambitionen var att ge en ny kunskap och ökad medvetenhet om rasifiering och dess påverkan på elevers självkänsla. Semistrukturerade intervjuer med nio gymnasieelever genomfördes. Intervjuerna transkiberades och analyserades med en tematisk analys. Genomgången av intervjuerna visade att gymnasieeleverna upplevde att de någon gång under sitt liv blivit rasifierade då de upplever känslor som utanförskap och underlägsenhet i förhållande till svenskheten. Resultatet visade att intervjupersonerna har en självbild i form av en rasifierad sådan. Självkänslan är intimt sammankopplad med kategorierna ”svensk” och ”invandrare” eftersom att man inte ser sig själv som ”svensk” då man har föräldrar födda utanför Sverige.

Despite abundant evidence that race has been a significant factor in informing historical processes in Swaziland there is presently no major study that focusses on the theme. The main aim of the current thesis is to examine the impact of discriminatory policies and practices in the country by analyzing the reaction of different sections of the society to formal and informal discrimination. While focussing on the period between 1945 and 1973 the thesis traces the evolution of Swaziland’s racial history dating back to the 1840s. The thesis also shows how the conditions created by the intervention of the colonial state as well as competing white interests between 1903 and 1944 deepened political and economic inequality in the country. In parallel, the thesis explores Swazi agency as was manifested through the reactions and initiatives of the monarchy when it stood up to challenge discriminatory policies and practices which were being applied to blacks. This was strongly indicated from the 1930s when a revived cultural nationalism was embraced by the Swazi monarchy to articulate Swazi grievances. To highlight contradictions in Swaziland’s racial patterns Coloured identity is discussed extensively. The thesis also explores the manner in which the Swazi educated elite confronted racial discrimination and argues that their approach was inadequate in alleviating racial injustices as they were experienced by most Swazis in different places. The central argument of the thesis, therefore, is that the formal abolition of discrimination in Swaziland in 1961 is to be understood against the anti - colonial politics in the post - World War II era. The thesis contends that the abolition of racial discrimination by the Swaziland colonial administration was largely a diplomatic gesture necessitated by the local and contemporary political climate as well as changing international relations of the 1960s including developments in the Union / Republic of South Africa. Finally, the thesis observes that since the outlawing of discrimination was not necessarily an indication of government’s political commitment to confronting racism the post - abolition period was not a fundamental departure from the pre - abolition era. Discriminatory attitudes and practices persisted in covert as well as overt, but, subtle forms in most spheres of Swazi society and particularly at the work place. This thesis also observes that the lack of holistic strategies to curb racially inspired practices led to unabated manifestations of discrimination in the country.

In early October 2005, just over a month after Hurricane Katrina devastated the gulf coast region of the United States, New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin asked local business leaders how he was to ensure that the city was not overrun by Mexican workers. These remarks vocalized the concerns of many regarding Latino immigrant workers to post-Katrina New Orleans. Likewise, they foreshadowed the obstacles faced by Latino reconstruction workers in the city. This dissertation examines Latino day labor participation in New Orleans, Louisiana by focusing on the racialized experiences of immigrant reconstruction workers. There is an established literature on racial/ethnic immigrant labor market inequality, addressing Latino wage penalties and occupational segregation as well as recent studies focusing on the gendered and racialized experiences of Latina and Chicana domestic workers in the U.S. However, established demographic research on day labor participation in the U.S. has failed to capture fully how day laborers experience "race" and how this has impacted their integration into the labor market. The broad questions guiding this dissertation are: "What are the racialized experiences of day laborers?"; "How does the process of racialization shape the work experiences of day laborers?"; "How do day laborers negotiate these experiences and interactions with co-workers, employers, and their community?" This dissertation focused on a 23 month ethnographic research and 31 in-depth semi-structured interviews with Latino day laborers in post-Katrina New Orleans. This research underscores the crucial role that Latino day laborers play as non-standard workers in a racialized labor market, historically organized along a black/white continuum. The findings demonstrated day laboring is a process that takes place in racialized spaces, where day laborers exert emotional work. Findings also demonstrated how "race" impacts the day-to-day work experiences of day laborers, and how immigration status is a racialized social characteristic that allows for exploitation of immigrant workers. Finally, this dissertation examined the resistance strategies used by day laborers, and their organizing efforts toward achieving social justice in post-Katrina New Orleans.

The aim of this thesis is to describe Western images of China by focusing on media representations of Chinese attempts to invest in Saab. Theories of media representation, orientalism, racialization and stereotype are applied and used in the qualitative discourse analysis in order to find out if there are orientalist and racialized stereotypes in the material. The findings show that there are orientalist stereotypes and racialized stereotypes presented in the material. The analysis also sums up that China is a country whose people are represented to be adaptable and to have amazing productivity, since China has cheap labor power and lax labor law. Furthermore, China is represented as a country whose financial power is strong and solid, Western media characterizes China as a threat. Moreover, Chinese negotiators who went to Sweden to negotiate not only are represented as full of ambitions, but also they are seen as the saviors for Western companies which are on the verge of bankrupt. This thesis contributes to the literature by filling the gap about the Chinese attempts to invest in Saab, which is characterized by Western media.