dreimal im Jahr erscheinende Zeitschrift über aktuelle Themen der TU Chemnitz

dreimal im Jahr erscheinende Zeitschrift über aktuelle Themen der TU Chemnitz

To overcome the hurdles associated with space management and security controls in a housing system, research was projected to study and analyze the necessary factors of accomplishment. Over time, different processes were observed and reviewed to make this a possible deal. Various residents were interviewed on the daily constraints in parking and managing their vehicles within their housing premises. The reported daunting concern was majorly the gate access and personal hunts for the space to keep the individual resident’s cars. Every resident would always have to stop and hoot at the housing gate for the assigned personnel to check and open the gate. While this would waste every resident’s time, the visitors even face more delay often time. Hitherto, car access and parking constraint become a thing of worry that no one would want to engage the housing service anymore. The interest has got dwindled. And to re-awaken the high patronage of the housing system, a gap must be bridged with an immediate solution to space management with a gating system. These were subsequently given a classical thought, while a prototype solution was demonstrated and reviewed with the various residents of some selected housing. This received a high welcoming embracement and was beckoned to be made real by the logical heuristic. At this point, nothing was further considered than using the Internet of things (IoT) technology to implement Vehicular Access Management for the control and integration of intended space provisioning in any housings. Consequently, the number plate of every vehicle becomes the automatic access tag and would be used for security control within the housing location. Vehicles’ numbers would be captured and used to manage the residents passing through the automated gating system. With it, records would be made for all permitted residents and the visitors that own a car. Thus, a proper arrangement would be allotted accordingly, as provisioned by the gating system administrator. However, to allegories the above-proffered solution, this project work is divided into six sections. The introductory section introduces the project rationale, lists the objectives, explores related works, and introduces how IoT and vehicular systems can be merged. The second section delves into these vehicular systems. It introduces the Automatic License Plate Recognition System (ALRP) and the Raspberry Pi and highlights the merits of the Integrated Vehicular Access Security System. Open-CV and machine learning are also introduced. Section three covers the solution design, while section four is the implementation phase. Section five covers the testing and implementation of the solution. The final section summarizes the project. The project successfully models an automated solution for the security of tenants and vehicle users against unauthorized access to residential estates and buildings.

dreimal im Jahr erscheinende Zeitschrift über aktuelle Themen der TU Chemnitz

dreimal im Jahr erscheinende Zeitschrift über aktuelle Themen der TU Chemnitz

The aim of this study is to analysis, investigate and find out the solutions for the problems associated with the implementations of antennas RFID Reader and Tag for various applications. In particular, the efficiency of the RFID reader antenna and the detection range of the RFID tag antenna, subject to a small and compact antenna¿s design configuration have been studied. The present work has been addressed directly to reduce the cost, size and increase the detection range and communication reliability of the RFID framework antennas. Furthermore, the modelling concept of RFID passive tags mounted on various materials including the novel design of RFID reader antenna using Genetic Algorithm (GA) are considered and discussed to maintain reliable and efficient antenna radiation performances. The main benefit of applying GA is to provide fast, accurate and reliable solutions of antenna¿s structure. Therefore, the GA has been successfully employed to design examples: meander-line, two linear cross elements and compact Helical- Spiral antennas. In addition, a hybrid method to model the human body interaction with RFID tag antenna operating at 900MHz has been studied. The near field distribution and the radiation pattern together with the statistical distribution of the radiation efficiency and the absorbed power in terms of cumulative distribution functions for different orientation and location of RFID¿s tag antenna on the human body have been demonstrated. Several tag antennas wi th symmetrical and unsymmetrical structure configurations operating in the European UHF band 850-950 MHz have been fabricated and tested. . The measured and simulated results have been found to be in a good agreement with reasonable impedance matching to the typical input impedance of an RFID integrated circuit chip and nominal power gain and radiation patterns.

Sewer and oil pipeline spillage issues have become major causes of pollution in urban and rural areas usually caused by blockages in the water storage and drainage system, and oil spillage of underground oil pipelines. An effective way of avoiding this problem will be by deploying some mechanism to monitor these installations at each point in time and reporting unusual liquid activity to the relevant authorities for prompt action to avoid a flooding or spillage occurrence. This research work presents a low cost energy efficient liquid level monitoring technique using Radio Frequency Identification Technology. Passive UHF RFID tags have been designed, modelled and optimized. A simple rectangular tag, the P-shaped tag and S-shaped tag with UHF band frequency of operation (850-950 MHz) has been designed and modelled. Detailed parametric analysis of the rectangular tag is made and the optimised design results analysed and presented in HFSS and Matlab. The optimised rectangular tag designs are then deployed as level sensors in a gully pot. Identical tags were deployed to detect 4 distinct levels in alternate positions and a few inches in seperation distance within the gully pot height (Low, Mid, High and Ultra high). The radiation characteristic of tag sensors in deployment as modelled on HFSS is observed to show consistent performance with application requirements. An in-manhole chamber antenna for an underground communication system is analysed, designed, deployed and measured. The antenna covers dual-band impedance bandwidths (i.e. 824 to 960 MHz, and 1710 to 2170 MHz). The results show that the antenna prototype exhibits sufficient impedance bandwidth, suitable radiation characteristics, and adequate gains for the required underground wireless sensor applications. Finally, a Linearly Shifted Quadrifilar Helical Antenna (LSQHA) designed using Genetic Algorithm optimisation technique for adoption as an RFID reader antenna is proposed and investigated. The new antenna confirms coverage of the RFID bandwidth 860-960 MHz with acceptable power gain of 13.1 dBi. / Petroleum Technology Development Fund (PTDF) and National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA).

No description available.

The performance of commercial Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags is primarily limited by present techniques used for tag antenna design. Currently, industry techniques rely on identifying the RFID tag application (books, clothing, etc.) and then building antenna prototypes of different configurations in order to satisfy minimum read range requirements. However, these techniques inherently lack an electromagnetic basis and are unable to provide a low cost solution to the tag antenna design process. RFID tag performance characteristics (read-range, chip-antenna impedance matching, surrounding environment) can be very complex, and a thorough understanding of the RFID tag antenna design may be gained through an electromagnetic approach in order to reduce the tag antenna size and the overall cost of the RFID system. The research presented in this thesis addresses RFID tag antenna design process for passive RFID tags. With the growing number of applications (inventory, supply-chain, pharmaceuticals, etc), the proposed RFID antenna design process demonstrates procedures to design tag antennas for such applications. Electrical/geometrical properties of the antennas designed were investigated with the help of computer electromagnetic simulations in order to achieve optimal tag performance criteria such as read range, chip-impedance matching, antenna efficiency, etc. Experimental results were performed on the proposed antenna designs to compliment computer simulations and analytical modelling.

L’identification par radiofréquence, RFID, est une technologie qui transforme la façon dont les gouvernements identifient leurs citoyens, dont les entreprises tracent leurs produits et surveillent le comportement des consommateurs, et la manière dont les individus s’identifient et effectuent des transactions commerciales et sociales. Les étiquettes, ou « tags » RFID, existent sous plusieurs formes : elles peuvent être aussi petites qu’un grain de riz et aussi épaisse qu’une feuille de papier. Lors d’une lecture par un lecteur RFID, l’objet à qui le tag est assigné, peut être identifié. Contrairement au système de code à barres, la communication entre les tags et lecteurs ne dépend pas d’une ligne directe de visibilité. Les tags RFID peuvent être donc incorporés dans virtuellement tous les biens de consommation. Dans cette thèse, nous explorons le jour où la RFID sera omniprésente (ubiquitous). Nous soutenons qu’au sein de cette ère d’ubiquitous RFID (uRFID) qui s’ouvre à nous, la traçabilité humaine dans les arènes des citoyens et des consommateurs fleurira. Pour assurer une transition en douceur, nous proposons un modèle conceptuel constitué de quatre constructions théoriques pouvant influencer de manière favorable l’usage par le public des environnements uRFID. Ces constructions sont l’intimité/la vie privée (privacy), la sensibilisation (awareness), la maîtrise (control) et la confiance (trust) (ou PACT). Nous postulons que si les opérateurs, les ingénieurs, les gouvernements et les industriels font preuve d’éthique et de sérieux pour intégrer ces constructions au sein des systèmes RFID, alors l’approbation par le public suivra. / Radio Frequency Identification, or RFID, is a technology that is transforming the way governments identify citizens, companies track products and monitor the behavior of consumers, and the way individuals carry out identification processes and commercial and social transactions. RFID tags come in a host of form factors : they can be as small as a grain of rice and as flat as a sheet of paper. When read by an RFID interrogator (or reader), the asset to which the tag is assigned can be identified. Unlike barcode systems, the communication process between RFID tags and readers do not require a direct line-of-sight; as a result, RFID tags can be embedded in clothing, signage, identification credentials, and virtually all consumer goods in existence. In this thesis, we speak of environments in which RFID technology will be ubiquitous, akin to the state of the printed barcode today. We argue that in this period of ubiquitous RFID (or uRFID), human monitoring in consumer and citizen arenas will flourish. If not properly integrated, several risks could affect both the end-user and the RFID operator. Herein, we propose a conceptual model consisting of four theoretical constructs that we believe could favorably influence end-users to accept uRFID environments. We refer to these constructs as PACT; that is, privacy, awareness, control and trust. We hold that if RFID operators, system designers, government and industry make a conscious, ethical, and active effort to integrate these constructs in RFID systems, public acceptance will follow.