Radio base station(RBS) is the key infrastructure in wireless network and the main product of Ericsson. To improve the efficiency and success rate of RBS maintenance is therefore necessary and beneficial to Ericsson. Augmented reality is a promising solution by annotating computer generated guiding information on real world to enhance the information received during the maintenance. This thesis developed a workable AR application for RBS to evaluate the feasibility and difficulty of applying AR on RBS. Based on Android platform, the application used Vuforia from Qualcomm and Unity as tracking and rendering package respectively. Tracked result was imported to Unity and processed by low pass filters to remove noise. Filtered data was then used to build a distributed world coordinate frame array to cover the entire RBS panel. On this distributed world coordinate frame array, digital contents such as audio, animation were placed and controlled by a task state machine. Drove by the user control in user interface layer, the task state machine provide a flexible task scheduling scheme for task navigation. At last, digital contents and real time video captured by phone camera were synthesized and rendered on the cellphone screen. The result presented a practicable AR solution for RBS maintenance and reveals the advantages and disadvantages of deploying AR technology for RBS. Certain suggestions were also described based on the development.

<p>Traffic and Feature SW is a department based in Kista. At this department the main processor software, or MPSW in short, in Ericssons Radio Base Stations is tested prior to integration of new releases. Traffic and Feature SW, also called MPSW in this thesis, works closely with another department of Ericsson called RBS System I&V which tests the same software but for complete RBS nodes. MPSW uses black- and greybox scripted testing in regression suites that are executed on a daily basis. These regression suites are separated into different subsets of functionality that maps to the capabilities of the Radio Base Station software. The authors of this thesis has performed an implementation of automated test cases for a subset of the Radio Base Station software using an automated software tool called QuickCheck. These test cases were successfully integrated into the test framework and were able to find several issues with the main processor software and its subsystems in the Radio Base Station. The commissioner of this thesis have plans to further integrate the QuickCheck tool into the test framework, possibly automating test cases for several subsets of the Radio Base Station software. The authors have therefore analysed and put forth metrics that compares the testing of the Radio Base Station software using QuickCheck with the conventional regression test cases. These metrics covers areas such as the cost related to and the inherent capabilities of QuickCheck. The evaluation of these metrics was performed by the authors to give the commissioner decisive information. These evaluations showed that QuickCheck was able to generate complex message stuctures in complex sequences. QuickCheck was also able to shrink both the content of these messages and the length of the sequences of messages to be able to provide a minimal counterexample when a fault was discovered. The only metric that QuickCheck failed to support was to inherit functionality to support the handling of statistics from executions.</p> / <p>Traffic and Feature SW is a department based in Kista. At this department the main processor software, or MPSW in short, in Ericssons Radio Base Stations is tested prior to integration of new releases. Traffic and Feature SW, also called MPSW in this thesis, works closely with another department of Ericsson called RBS System I&V which tests the same software but for complete RBS nodes. MPSW uses black- and greybox scripted testing in regression suites that are executed on a daily basis. These regression suites are separated into different subsets of functionality that maps to the capabilities of the Radio Base Station software. The authors of this thesis has performed an implementation of automated test cases for a subset of the Radio Base Station software using an automated software tool called QuickCheck. These test cases were successfully integrated into the test framework and were able to find several issues with the main processor software and its subsystems in the Radio Base Station. The commissioner of this thesis have plans to further integrate the QuickCheck tool into the test framework, possibly automating test cases for several subsets of the Radio Base Station software. The authors have therefore analysed and put forth metrics that compares the testing of the Radio Base Station software using QuickCheck with the conventional regression test cases. These metrics covers areas such as the cost related to and the inherent capabilities of QuickCheck. The evaluation of these metrics was performed by the authors to give the commissioner decisive information. These evaluations showed that QuickCheck was able to generate complex message stuctures in complex sequences. QuickCheck was also able to shrink both the content of these messages and the length of the sequences of messages to be able to provide a minimal counterexample when a fault was discovered. The only metric that QuickCheck failed to support was to inherit functionality to support the handling of statistics from executions.</p>

A radio base station (RBS) may become overloaded if too many mobile devices communicate with it at the same time. This could happen at for instance sport events or in the case of accidents. To prevent CPU overload, the RBS is provided with a controller that adjusts the acceptance rate, the maximum number of connection requests that can be accepted per time interval. The current controller is tuned in real radio base stations and the procedure is both time consuming and expensive. This, combined with the fact that the mobile data usage is predicted to increase puts more pressure on today's system. Thus, there is a need to be able to simulate the system in order to suggest an alternative controller. In this thesis, an implementation of the system is developed in Matlab in order to simulate the RBS system load control behaviour. A CPU load model is estimated using system identification. The current version of the CPU load controller and an alternative PI CPU load controller are implemented. Both are evaluated on different test cases and this shows that it is possible to increase the performance of the system with the alternative CPU load controller, both in terms of lower amount of rejected connection requests and decreased CPU load overshoot.

Traffic and Feature SW is a department based in Kista. At this department the main processor software, or MPSW in short, in Ericssons Radio Base Stations is tested prior to integration of new releases. Traffic and Feature SW, also called MPSW in this thesis, works closely with another department of Ericsson called RBS System I&amp;V which tests the same software but for complete RBS nodes. MPSW uses black- and greybox scripted testing in regression suites that are executed on a daily basis. These regression suites are separated into different subsets of functionality that maps to the capabilities of the Radio Base Station software. The authors of this thesis has performed an implementation of automated test cases for a subset of the Radio Base Station software using an automated software tool called QuickCheck. These test cases were successfully integrated into the test framework and were able to find several issues with the main processor software and its subsystems in the Radio Base Station. The commissioner of this thesis have plans to further integrate the QuickCheck tool into the test framework, possibly automating test cases for several subsets of the Radio Base Station software. The authors have therefore analysed and put forth metrics that compares the testing of the Radio Base Station software using QuickCheck with the conventional regression test cases. These metrics covers areas such as the cost related to and the inherent capabilities of QuickCheck. The evaluation of these metrics was performed by the authors to give the commissioner decisive information. These evaluations showed that QuickCheck was able to generate complex message stuctures in complex sequences. QuickCheck was also able to shrink both the content of these messages and the length of the sequences of messages to be able to provide a minimal counterexample when a fault was discovered. The only metric that QuickCheck failed to support was to inherit functionality to support the handling of statistics from executions. / Traffic and Feature SW is a department based in Kista. At this department the main processor software, or MPSW in short, in Ericssons Radio Base Stations is tested prior to integration of new releases. Traffic and Feature SW, also called MPSW in this thesis, works closely with another department of Ericsson called RBS System I&amp;V which tests the same software but for complete RBS nodes. MPSW uses black- and greybox scripted testing in regression suites that are executed on a daily basis. These regression suites are separated into different subsets of functionality that maps to the capabilities of the Radio Base Station software. The authors of this thesis has performed an implementation of automated test cases for a subset of the Radio Base Station software using an automated software tool called QuickCheck. These test cases were successfully integrated into the test framework and were able to find several issues with the main processor software and its subsystems in the Radio Base Station. The commissioner of this thesis have plans to further integrate the QuickCheck tool into the test framework, possibly automating test cases for several subsets of the Radio Base Station software. The authors have therefore analysed and put forth metrics that compares the testing of the Radio Base Station software using QuickCheck with the conventional regression test cases. These metrics covers areas such as the cost related to and the inherent capabilities of QuickCheck. The evaluation of these metrics was performed by the authors to give the commissioner decisive information. These evaluations showed that QuickCheck was able to generate complex message stuctures in complex sequences. QuickCheck was also able to shrink both the content of these messages and the length of the sequences of messages to be able to provide a minimal counterexample when a fault was discovered. The only metric that QuickCheck failed to support was to inherit functionality to support the handling of statistics from executions.

When building various types of wide area cellular radio networks there is a need to synchronize all of the base stations within a given system. Today this is typically done by attaching a highly accurate clock to each radio base station. A GPS radio receiver is commonly used as such a clock. This thesis explores the use of the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) to provide synchronization of radio base stations, rather than the current practice of using GPS radio receivers. Advantages of utilizing PTP rather than a GPS radio receiver include the ability to easily locate radio base stations (without the need for connecting the GPS radio receiver to an antenna that has line of sight to a sufficient number of GPS satellites); the system is not vulnerable to interference with or jamming of GPS radio signals; the system is not vulnerable to spoofing of GPS radio signals, and because the new generations of radio base stations are connected to a packet based backhaul link – the system can potentially utilize the existing packet network interface (thus avoiding the need for a serial interface to the GPS receiver and a pulse per second input). At the start of this thesis project it was not known what the limits of PTP are (in terms of utilizing PTP together with radio base stations). Thus it was not clear whether PTP could be extended to much longer distances than it had originally been designed for.&lt;p&gt; This thesis shows that PTP can be used as an accurate timing source to synchronize base stations in networks with up to four switches between the PTP grandmaster and any PTP slave.&lt;p&gt; This project was performed in the Common Transport Feature department at Ericsson. / Vid konstruktion av wide area cellular radio networks finns det behov av att synkronisera samtliga basstationer inom ett givet system. Detta görs idag typiskt genom att ansluta en klocka med stor tillförlitlighet till varje basstation. En GPS radiomottagare används vanligen som klocka för detta syfte. Detta examensarbete undersöker användandet av Precisions Tid Protokoll (PTP) för att synkronisera radiobasstationer, istället för att som nu typiskt använda GPS radiomottagare. Fördelar med att använda PTP istället för GPS radiomottagare är att en radiobasstation lätt kan lokaliseras (utan att ansluta en GPS-mottagare till en antenn vilken har mottagning mot flera GPS-satelliter); systemet är inte sårbart mot interferens eller störningar av GPS radio signaler; systemet är inte sårbart mot spoofing av GPS radio signaler och på grund av att den nya generationens radiobasstationer är anslutna till ett paketförmedlande backhaul nätverk kan systemet potentiellt använda sig av det redan existerande paketförmedlande nätverksgränssnittet (och på sätt undvika ett seriellt gränssnitt mot en GPS-mottagare och en puls per sekund ingång). När detta examensarbete startades var det inte känt var gränserna för PTP låg när det gäller att använda PTP tillsammans med radiobasstationer. Det var således inte klart ifall räckvidden för PTP kunde utvidgas till mycket längre avstånd än det ursprungligen var ämnat för. Detta examensarbete syftar till att visa att PTP kan användas som tillräckligt noggrann synkroniseringskälla för basstationer i nätverk med upp till fyra nätverksswitchar mellan PTP Grand Master och PTP slav. Examensarbetet har utförts vid avdelning Common Transport Feature på Ericsson.

O desenvolvimento da tecnologia de telecomunicação móvel ensejou a implantação massiva de ERBs (Estações rádio base) para o atendimento da crescente demanda ocorrida na última década. As ERBs, por sua vez, constituem fontes emissoras de radiação não ionizante. Os estudos científicos concluídos nos últimos anos indicam que a exposição à radiação não ionizante, principalmente em longo prazo, pode produzir consequências negativas para a saúde humana, por essa razão, mister se faz a aplicação do Princípio da Precaução que vem evocar cautela diante do risco. Das principais normas existentes no planeta, nem todas adotaram o princípio da precaução ao fixar seus limites; em decorrência, a maioria das normas que determinam limites máximos de exposição teve como base apenas os efeitos biológicos danosos da exposição à radiação não ionizante já conhecidos pela comunidade científica e relacionados à exposição aguda. Dessa maneira, diante do risco resultante da exposição, surge outra questão de grande importância o gerenciamento dessas ERBs. Haveria, na cidade de São Paulo, um sistema de gerenciamento das ERBs que garanta o cumprimento dos limites e padrões definidos na legislação local? Nesse cenário, este estudo pretende: (i) elaborar um levantamento junto aos três órgãos públicos responsáveis pelo gerenciamento das ERBs na cidade de São Paulo, sobre o atual estágio dos sistemas de gerenciamento praticado por cada entidade pública legalmente competente para o respectivo exercício; (ii) desenvolver uma análise das características básicas dos sistemas de gerenciamento das ERBs no município de São Paulo, estudando a evolução ocorrida entre os anos de 2006 e 2011; e, (iii) avaliar as possibilidades de melhoria na proposta atual de gerenciamento das ERBs, no município de São Paulo. Esta pesquisa parte dos dados levantados no ano de 2006, na cidade de São Paulo, que na ocasião indicaram a existência de um sistema de gerenciamento das ERBs incipiente e frágil por parte dos órgãos públicos competentes (Secretaria Estadual da Saúde, Secretaria Municipal do Verde e Meio Ambiente e ANATEL). A partir deste cenário, elabora-se uma análise das características básicas dos sistemas de gerenciamento das ERBs no município de São Paulo, estudando a evolução ocorrida entre os anos de 2006 e 2011. Dessa avaliação, são identificadas falhas e possibilidades de melhoria nos sistemas de gerenciamento das ERBs praticados no município de São Paulo na atualidade. A metodologia adotada constitui-se de pesquisa de campo, por meio de entrevista estruturada, aplicada aos representantes dos órgãos públicos responsáveis pelo gerenciamento das ERBs no município de São Paulo. Finalmente, é desenvolvida a interpretação dos dados, global e individualmente, de forma que os resultados obtidos possibilitaram as considerações e propostas formuladas no capítulo conclusivo desta pesquisa. / The development of mobile telecommunication technology gave rise to the massive deployment of RBSs (Radio base stations) to attend the growing demand occurred in the last decade. The RBSs in turn, are emitting sources of non-ionizing radiation. Scientific studies concluded in the recent years indicate that exposure to non-ionizing radiation, especially in the long term, can produce negative consequences for human health, therefore, it becomes important to apply the Precautionary Principle that evokes caution in risk situation. Of the main rules in the world, not all adopted the precautionary principle in setting its limits; as a result, most of the rules that determine maximum exposure limits were based only on the harmful biological effects of exposure to ionizing radiation already known by the scientific community and related to acute exposure exclusively. Thus, with the risk resulting from exposure, there is another major issue - the management of these RBSs. Would it exist, in São Paulo city, a management system of RBSs to ensure compliance with the limits and standards defined by local law? In this scenario, this study aims to: (i) develop a survey along the three entities responsible for managing the RBSs in São Paulo, on the current stage of respective management systems practiced by each public entity legally responsible for the exercise thereof; (ii) develop an analysis of the basic features of the RBSs management systems in São Paulo, studying the evolution that occurred between the years 2006 and 2011; and, (iii) assess the possibilities for improvement in the current proposal for the RBSs management in São Paulo. This survey starts from the data collected in 2006, in São Paulo, which at the time indicated the existence of an incipient and fragile RBSs management system, by the public agencies (Secretaria Estadual da Saúde, Secretaria Municipal do Verde e Meio Ambiente e Anatel). From this scenario, it is drawn up an analysis of the basic features of the RBSs management systems in São Paulo, studying the evolution that occurred between the years 2006 and 2011. From this evaluation, are identified gaps and opportunities for improving the RBSs management systems practiced in São Paulo at present. The methodology consisted of field survey through structured questionnaires, applied to representatives of public agencies responsible for RBSs management in São Paulo. Finally, it is developed the interpretation of the data, overall and individually, so that the results enabled the considerations and proposals made in the concluding chapter of this research.

No início do milênio, os impactos negativos da instalação de Estações de Rádio Base (ERB’s) no ambiente urbano, decorrentes do desenvolvimento da tecnologia de telefonia móvel, despertou a reação do Poder Público do Município de Porto Alegre, Capital do Rio Grande do Sul, provocado pelo movimento comunitário. Por meio da criação da Lei Municipal nº 8.896/2002, que definiu limites de exposição à radiação não ionizante mais protetivos em relação aos níveis estabelecidos pela União, bem como normas urbanísticas e ambientais, de acordo com o interesse local, Porto Alegre tornou-se uma referência para outras municipalidades na criação de políticas públicas de ERB’s, em consonância com o princípio da precaução. Todavia, num contexto de reclamações das empresas sobre as diretrizes estabelecidas no licenciamento ambiental local de ERB’s, o Projeto de Lei do Executivo (PLE) n° 57/2013 atualizou a Lei Municipal n° 8.896/2002, levantando dúvidas à população quanto a suas alterações e possíveis riscos à saúde humana. Ademais, no ano de 2013, o Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (TJ-RS) declarou a legislação de Porto Alegre inconstitucional, com possíveis repercussões dessa decisão para outras municipalidades brasileiras. Nesse cenário, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a percepção dos atores sociais sobre as políticas públicas de ERB’s na Capital, pela ótica do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (economia, ambiente, sociedade, questões territoriais e políticas), empregando o conhecimento sobre Direito Ambiental e Gestão Ambiental Urbana. Para cumprir tal objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva de natureza qualitativa, escolhendo como estudo de caso a legislação de Porto Alegre. Em relação aos dados primários, acompanhou-se a Audiência Pública sobre o PLE n° 57/2013 no ano de 2014, bem como foram realizadas 16 entrevistas semiestruturadas com os principais atores sociais envolvidos na discussão da legislação de Porto Alegre. Complementarmente, como dados secundários, foram utilizados documentos legislativos, jornalísticos e institucionais. Os dados coletados foram analisados a partir da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, agrupados nas cinco dimensões selecionadas do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Pelo método adotado na pesquisa, é desenvolvida a interpretação dos dados, de forma que os resultados permitiram verificar a oposição entre a lógica empresarial e a lógica do Poder Público Municipal na discussão sobre a implantação de ERB’s em Porto Alegre, com a estratégia das operadoras de telefonia celular de judicialização da política pública, não se adaptando às regras estabelecidas no âmbito local. Por sua vez, ao declarar inconstitucional a legislação de Porto Alegre, a decisão do TJ-RS provoca a despolitização dessa importante questão ambiental para o Município. Os resultados mostraram também que a Lei Municipal n° 8.896/2002 pode ser considerada um marco regulatório inovador para a Gestão Ambiental Urbana da Capital, embora apresente falhas na fiscalização e no processo de licenciamento ambiental. Quanto às mudanças na legislação de Porto Alegre, ocorridas no ano de 2014, especialmente sob o aspecto de saúde, houve um retrocesso ambiental na discussão sobre os possíveis efeitos negativos causados pela poluição eletromagnética, sem o mesmo protagonismo da comunidade na construção dessa política pública nessa ocasião. Por fim, a pesquisa reforça a importância da descentralização da Gestão Ambiental Urbana para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável das cidades, favorecendo a participação dos cidadãos na construção de políticas públicas, como verificado no caso da legislação local de ERB’s de Porto Alegre. / At the beginning of the millennium, the negative impacts of Radio Base Stations (RBS) installation in the urban environment, as a consequence of the development of mobile phone technology, aroused the reaction of the government of the city of Porto Alegre, capital of Rio Grande do Sul, caused by community movement. Through the creation of the Municipal Law nº 8.896/2002, which set limits of exposure to non-ionizing radiation more protective than the levels established by the Union, as well as urban planning and environmental standards, according to the local interest, Porto Alegre became a reference to other municipalities in the creation of ERB's public policies, in line with the precautionary principle. However, in the context of complaints from companies about the guidelines set out in the local environmental licensing of ERB’s, Executive Law Project (ELP) nº 57/2013 updated the Municipal Law nº. 8896/2002, raising doubts to the public about its changes and possible risks to human health. Moreover, in 2013, the Court of Justice of Rio Grande do Sul State (CJ-RS) declared unconstitutional Porto Alegre legislation, with possible repercussions of this decision for other Brazilian municipalities. In this scenario, this research aims to analyze the perception of the social actors about ERB public policy in the Capital, from the perspective of Sustainable Development (economy, environment, society, territorial and political issues), using the knowledge on Environmental Law and Urban Environmental Management. To accomplish this objective, an exploratory and descriptive research of qualitative nature was performed choosing as case study the law of Porto Alegre. In relation to primary data, accompanied the Public Hearing about the ELP nº 57/2013 in 2014 and were conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with key social actors involved in the discussion of Porto Alegre legislation. In addition, as secondary data, legal, journalistic and institutional documents were used. The data collected were analyzed from the content analysis technique, grouped in the five selected dimensions of Sustainable Development. By the method adopted in the research, the interpretation of the data is developed, so that the results indicated the opposition between the business logic and the municipal government logic in the discussion about the ERB's implantation in Porto Alegre, with the cellular operators strategy of public policy judicialization, not adapting to the rules established at the local level. In turn, declaring the law of Porto Alegre unconstitutional, the CJ-RS decision causes the depoliticisation of this important environmental issue for the municipality. The results also showed that the Municipal Law nº 8.896/2002 can be considered an innovative regulatory mark for Urban Environmental Management of the Capital, although it has failures in control and environmental licensing process. As for the changes in the legislation of Porto Alegre, which occurred in 2014, especially in the aspect of health, there was an environmental retreat in the discussion about the possible adverse effects caused by electromagnetic pollution, without the same community protagonism in the construction of this public policy in this occasion. Finally, the research reinforces the importance of decentralization of Urban Environmental Management for Sustainable Development of cities, favoring the participation of citizens in the construction of public policies, as seen in the case of Porto Alegre ERB's local law.

No início do milênio, os impactos negativos da instalação de Estações de Rádio Base (ERB’s) no ambiente urbano, decorrentes do desenvolvimento da tecnologia de telefonia móvel, despertou a reação do Poder Público do Município de Porto Alegre, Capital do Rio Grande do Sul, provocado pelo movimento comunitário. Por meio da criação da Lei Municipal nº 8.896/2002, que definiu limites de exposição à radiação não ionizante mais protetivos em relação aos níveis estabelecidos pela União, bem como normas urbanísticas e ambientais, de acordo com o interesse local, Porto Alegre tornou-se uma referência para outras municipalidades na criação de políticas públicas de ERB’s, em consonância com o princípio da precaução. Todavia, num contexto de reclamações das empresas sobre as diretrizes estabelecidas no licenciamento ambiental local de ERB’s, o Projeto de Lei do Executivo (PLE) n° 57/2013 atualizou a Lei Municipal n° 8.896/2002, levantando dúvidas à população quanto a suas alterações e possíveis riscos à saúde humana. Ademais, no ano de 2013, o Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (TJ-RS) declarou a legislação de Porto Alegre inconstitucional, com possíveis repercussões dessa decisão para outras municipalidades brasileiras. Nesse cenário, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a percepção dos atores sociais sobre as políticas públicas de ERB’s na Capital, pela ótica do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (economia, ambiente, sociedade, questões territoriais e políticas), empregando o conhecimento sobre Direito Ambiental e Gestão Ambiental Urbana. Para cumprir tal objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva de natureza qualitativa, escolhendo como estudo de caso a legislação de Porto Alegre. Em relação aos dados primários, acompanhou-se a Audiência Pública sobre o PLE n° 57/2013 no ano de 2014, bem como foram realizadas 16 entrevistas semiestruturadas com os principais atores sociais envolvidos na discussão da legislação de Porto Alegre. Complementarmente, como dados secundários, foram utilizados documentos legislativos, jornalísticos e institucionais. Os dados coletados foram analisados a partir da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, agrupados nas cinco dimensões selecionadas do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Pelo método adotado na pesquisa, é desenvolvida a interpretação dos dados, de forma que os resultados permitiram verificar a oposição entre a lógica empresarial e a lógica do Poder Público Municipal na discussão sobre a implantação de ERB’s em Porto Alegre, com a estratégia das operadoras de telefonia celular de judicialização da política pública, não se adaptando às regras estabelecidas no âmbito local. Por sua vez, ao declarar inconstitucional a legislação de Porto Alegre, a decisão do TJ-RS provoca a despolitização dessa importante questão ambiental para o Município. Os resultados mostraram também que a Lei Municipal n° 8.896/2002 pode ser considerada um marco regulatório inovador para a Gestão Ambiental Urbana da Capital, embora apresente falhas na fiscalização e no processo de licenciamento ambiental. Quanto às mudanças na legislação de Porto Alegre, ocorridas no ano de 2014, especialmente sob o aspecto de saúde, houve um retrocesso ambiental na discussão sobre os possíveis efeitos negativos causados pela poluição eletromagnética, sem o mesmo protagonismo da comunidade na construção dessa política pública nessa ocasião. Por fim, a pesquisa reforça a importância da descentralização da Gestão Ambiental Urbana para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável das cidades, favorecendo a participação dos cidadãos na construção de políticas públicas, como verificado no caso da legislação local de ERB’s de Porto Alegre. / At the beginning of the millennium, the negative impacts of Radio Base Stations (RBS) installation in the urban environment, as a consequence of the development of mobile phone technology, aroused the reaction of the government of the city of Porto Alegre, capital of Rio Grande do Sul, caused by community movement. Through the creation of the Municipal Law nº 8.896/2002, which set limits of exposure to non-ionizing radiation more protective than the levels established by the Union, as well as urban planning and environmental standards, according to the local interest, Porto Alegre became a reference to other municipalities in the creation of ERB's public policies, in line with the precautionary principle. However, in the context of complaints from companies about the guidelines set out in the local environmental licensing of ERB’s, Executive Law Project (ELP) nº 57/2013 updated the Municipal Law nº. 8896/2002, raising doubts to the public about its changes and possible risks to human health. Moreover, in 2013, the Court of Justice of Rio Grande do Sul State (CJ-RS) declared unconstitutional Porto Alegre legislation, with possible repercussions of this decision for other Brazilian municipalities. In this scenario, this research aims to analyze the perception of the social actors about ERB public policy in the Capital, from the perspective of Sustainable Development (economy, environment, society, territorial and political issues), using the knowledge on Environmental Law and Urban Environmental Management. To accomplish this objective, an exploratory and descriptive research of qualitative nature was performed choosing as case study the law of Porto Alegre. In relation to primary data, accompanied the Public Hearing about the ELP nº 57/2013 in 2014 and were conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with key social actors involved in the discussion of Porto Alegre legislation. In addition, as secondary data, legal, journalistic and institutional documents were used. The data collected were analyzed from the content analysis technique, grouped in the five selected dimensions of Sustainable Development. By the method adopted in the research, the interpretation of the data is developed, so that the results indicated the opposition between the business logic and the municipal government logic in the discussion about the ERB's implantation in Porto Alegre, with the cellular operators strategy of public policy judicialization, not adapting to the rules established at the local level. In turn, declaring the law of Porto Alegre unconstitutional, the CJ-RS decision causes the depoliticisation of this important environmental issue for the municipality. The results also showed that the Municipal Law nº 8.896/2002 can be considered an innovative regulatory mark for Urban Environmental Management of the Capital, although it has failures in control and environmental licensing process. As for the changes in the legislation of Porto Alegre, which occurred in 2014, especially in the aspect of health, there was an environmental retreat in the discussion about the possible adverse effects caused by electromagnetic pollution, without the same community protagonism in the construction of this public policy in this occasion. Finally, the research reinforces the importance of decentralization of Urban Environmental Management for Sustainable Development of cities, favoring the participation of citizens in the construction of public policies, as seen in the case of Porto Alegre ERB's local law.

No início do milênio, os impactos negativos da instalação de Estações de Rádio Base (ERB’s) no ambiente urbano, decorrentes do desenvolvimento da tecnologia de telefonia móvel, despertou a reação do Poder Público do Município de Porto Alegre, Capital do Rio Grande do Sul, provocado pelo movimento comunitário. Por meio da criação da Lei Municipal nº 8.896/2002, que definiu limites de exposição à radiação não ionizante mais protetivos em relação aos níveis estabelecidos pela União, bem como normas urbanísticas e ambientais, de acordo com o interesse local, Porto Alegre tornou-se uma referência para outras municipalidades na criação de políticas públicas de ERB’s, em consonância com o princípio da precaução. Todavia, num contexto de reclamações das empresas sobre as diretrizes estabelecidas no licenciamento ambiental local de ERB’s, o Projeto de Lei do Executivo (PLE) n° 57/2013 atualizou a Lei Municipal n° 8.896/2002, levantando dúvidas à população quanto a suas alterações e possíveis riscos à saúde humana. Ademais, no ano de 2013, o Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (TJ-RS) declarou a legislação de Porto Alegre inconstitucional, com possíveis repercussões dessa decisão para outras municipalidades brasileiras. Nesse cenário, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a percepção dos atores sociais sobre as políticas públicas de ERB’s na Capital, pela ótica do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (economia, ambiente, sociedade, questões territoriais e políticas), empregando o conhecimento sobre Direito Ambiental e Gestão Ambiental Urbana. Para cumprir tal objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva de natureza qualitativa, escolhendo como estudo de caso a legislação de Porto Alegre. Em relação aos dados primários, acompanhou-se a Audiência Pública sobre o PLE n° 57/2013 no ano de 2014, bem como foram realizadas 16 entrevistas semiestruturadas com os principais atores sociais envolvidos na discussão da legislação de Porto Alegre. Complementarmente, como dados secundários, foram utilizados documentos legislativos, jornalísticos e institucionais. Os dados coletados foram analisados a partir da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, agrupados nas cinco dimensões selecionadas do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Pelo método adotado na pesquisa, é desenvolvida a interpretação dos dados, de forma que os resultados permitiram verificar a oposição entre a lógica empresarial e a lógica do Poder Público Municipal na discussão sobre a implantação de ERB’s em Porto Alegre, com a estratégia das operadoras de telefonia celular de judicialização da política pública, não se adaptando às regras estabelecidas no âmbito local. Por sua vez, ao declarar inconstitucional a legislação de Porto Alegre, a decisão do TJ-RS provoca a despolitização dessa importante questão ambiental para o Município. Os resultados mostraram também que a Lei Municipal n° 8.896/2002 pode ser considerada um marco regulatório inovador para a Gestão Ambiental Urbana da Capital, embora apresente falhas na fiscalização e no processo de licenciamento ambiental. Quanto às mudanças na legislação de Porto Alegre, ocorridas no ano de 2014, especialmente sob o aspecto de saúde, houve um retrocesso ambiental na discussão sobre os possíveis efeitos negativos causados pela poluição eletromagnética, sem o mesmo protagonismo da comunidade na construção dessa política pública nessa ocasião. Por fim, a pesquisa reforça a importância da descentralização da Gestão Ambiental Urbana para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável das cidades, favorecendo a participação dos cidadãos na construção de políticas públicas, como verificado no caso da legislação local de ERB’s de Porto Alegre. / At the beginning of the millennium, the negative impacts of Radio Base Stations (RBS) installation in the urban environment, as a consequence of the development of mobile phone technology, aroused the reaction of the government of the city of Porto Alegre, capital of Rio Grande do Sul, caused by community movement. Through the creation of the Municipal Law nº 8.896/2002, which set limits of exposure to non-ionizing radiation more protective than the levels established by the Union, as well as urban planning and environmental standards, according to the local interest, Porto Alegre became a reference to other municipalities in the creation of ERB's public policies, in line with the precautionary principle. However, in the context of complaints from companies about the guidelines set out in the local environmental licensing of ERB’s, Executive Law Project (ELP) nº 57/2013 updated the Municipal Law nº. 8896/2002, raising doubts to the public about its changes and possible risks to human health. Moreover, in 2013, the Court of Justice of Rio Grande do Sul State (CJ-RS) declared unconstitutional Porto Alegre legislation, with possible repercussions of this decision for other Brazilian municipalities. In this scenario, this research aims to analyze the perception of the social actors about ERB public policy in the Capital, from the perspective of Sustainable Development (economy, environment, society, territorial and political issues), using the knowledge on Environmental Law and Urban Environmental Management. To accomplish this objective, an exploratory and descriptive research of qualitative nature was performed choosing as case study the law of Porto Alegre. In relation to primary data, accompanied the Public Hearing about the ELP nº 57/2013 in 2014 and were conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with key social actors involved in the discussion of Porto Alegre legislation. In addition, as secondary data, legal, journalistic and institutional documents were used. The data collected were analyzed from the content analysis technique, grouped in the five selected dimensions of Sustainable Development. By the method adopted in the research, the interpretation of the data is developed, so that the results indicated the opposition between the business logic and the municipal government logic in the discussion about the ERB's implantation in Porto Alegre, with the cellular operators strategy of public policy judicialization, not adapting to the rules established at the local level. In turn, declaring the law of Porto Alegre unconstitutional, the CJ-RS decision causes the depoliticisation of this important environmental issue for the municipality. The results also showed that the Municipal Law nº 8.896/2002 can be considered an innovative regulatory mark for Urban Environmental Management of the Capital, although it has failures in control and environmental licensing process. As for the changes in the legislation of Porto Alegre, which occurred in 2014, especially in the aspect of health, there was an environmental retreat in the discussion about the possible adverse effects caused by electromagnetic pollution, without the same community protagonism in the construction of this public policy in this occasion. Finally, the research reinforces the importance of decentralization of Urban Environmental Management for Sustainable Development of cities, favoring the participation of citizens in the construction of public policies, as seen in the case of Porto Alegre ERB's local law.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / The growing demand for mobile telephony services and the advent of new technologies requires their continued expansion, in order to ensure safe, reliable and high quality to its users. As a direct consequence of this growth has been the need to increase the amount of Radio Base Stations (RBS) to be installed. This expansion may have visual impacts and damage to the health of the population in the surrounding areas of the base stations, seeking always the best practices for the deployment of base stations. This model is based on policies that allow for expansion of services of mobile networks and, at the same time reduce the visual impact of these facilities as well as damage to the health of the surrounding area of the population, in a complementary manner to the applicable legislation. This concern is motivated by the loss of quality of service presented by the mobile operators, due especially to the poor distribution of antenna signal distributors. The objective of this work is to make a diagnosis of the spatial distribution of Radio Base Stations in the city of Fortaleza, focusing on its normative aspects and the current management system and supervision of those cell sites. The technical and regulatory aspects of installations of base stations used in mobile telephony will be searched, focusing the case study in Fortaleza, in addition to identifying the public agencies responsible for managing the inspection of cell sites in this municipality, and establish their respective responsibilities. For this, the methodology used in the study is based on qualitative exploratory research, using the deductive method of approach, performing literature, through the consultation of books, periodicals, theses, dissertations and legislation available on mobile telephony in Brazil and world, its normative aspects and criteria for installation of base stations. Also we used a field survey, through structured interviews managers of public agencies responsible for the management and supervision of RBS. The study showed that Fortaleza has 843 base stations registered by ANATEL (2014), with 6.8 million active mobile lines. Research by the SEUMA showed, among other aspects, despite the demands of municipal law in 8914, supervising or is done randomly, or from accusations of \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"disagreement\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" made by the people and that the body responsible not talk to one itself. / A crescente demanda pelos serviÃos mÃveis de telefonia e o advento de novas tecnologias exige sua contÃnua expansÃo, de modo a garantir serviÃos seguros, confiÃveis e de elevada qualidade aos seus usuÃrios. Como consequÃncia direta dessa expansÃo tem-se a necessidade do aumento na quantidade de EstaÃÃes RÃdio Base (ERB) a serem instaladas. Essa expansÃo pode apresentar impactos visuais e danos à saÃde da populaÃÃo nas Ãreas de entorno das ERBs, buscando-se sempre as melhores prÃticas para a implantaÃÃo das ERBs. Esse modelo baseia-se em diretrizes que permitem a expansÃo das redes dos serviÃos mÃveis e, ao mesmo tempo, reduzem os impactos visuais dessas instalaÃÃes assim como danos à saÃde da populaÃÃo da Ãrea de entorno, de modo complementar Ãs legislaÃÃes aplicÃveis. Tal preocupaÃÃo à motivada pela perda de qualidade do serviÃo apresentado pelas operadoras de telefonia mÃvel, devido, especialmente, à mà distribuiÃÃo das antenas distribuidoras de sinal. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho à fazer um diagnÃstico da distribuiÃÃo espacial das EstaÃÃes de RÃdio Base no municÃpio de Fortaleza, enfocando seus aspectos normativos e o atual sistema de gerenciamento e fiscalizaÃÃo dessas ERBs. SerÃo pesquisados os aspectos tÃcnicos e normativos das instalaÃÃes das ERBs utilizadas na telefonia mÃvel, focando o estudo de caso no municÃpio de Fortaleza, alÃm de identificar os ÃrgÃos pÃblicos responsÃveis pelo gerenciamento da fiscalizaÃÃo das ERBs neste municÃpio e estabelecer as suas respectivas competÃncias. Para isso, a metodologia utilizada no trabalho à baseada na pesquisa exploratÃria qualitativa e quantitativa, fazendo uso do mÃtodo dedutivo de abordagem, realizando pesquisa bibliogrÃfica, atravÃs da consulta de livros, periÃdicos, teses, dissertaÃÃes e da legislaÃÃo disponÃvel sobre a telefonia mÃvel no Brasil e no mundo, seus aspectos normativos e critÃrios para instalaÃÃo das ERBs. TambÃm serà feita pesquisa de campo, atravÃs de entrevista estruturada aos gestores dos ÃrgÃos pÃblicos responsÃveis pelo gerenciamento e fiscalizaÃÃo das ERBs. O estudo mostrou que Fortaleza possui 843 ERBs cadastradas pela ANATEL (2014), com 6,8 milhÃes de linhas ativas de celulares. A investigaÃÃo junto à SEUMA mostrou, dentre outros aspectos que, apesar das exigÃncias da lei municipal no 8.914, a fiscalizaÃÃo ou à feita de forma aleatÃria, ou a partir de denÃncias de âdesconformidadeâ feitas pela populaÃÃo e que os ÃrgÃos responsÃveis nÃo dialogam entre si.