Orientador: David Dequech Filho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T23:37:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Castro_AlexSandroRodriguesde_M.pdf: 1168475 bytes, checksum: a7f14f5d1eb57f403f8eb1afefa019e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Esta dissertação busca apresentar e discutir as principais características da economia comportamental, identificando suas diferentes abordagens e comparando-as com a economia neoclássica. A intenção é apresentar as propostas e a estrutura conceitual das abordagens psicológicas e realçar os elementos de ruptura e continuidade em relação à economia neoclássica. Os conceitos básicos e as principais descobertas da economia comportamental são apresentados particularmente com base nos trabalhos de Kahneman e Tversky. Ao final, a dissertação destaca as objeções de Gerd Gigerenzer ao programa de pesquisa de Kahneman e Tversky e faz comentários críticos ao individualismo das abordagens psicológicas que penetraram a economia mainstream / Abstract: This dissertation is concerned with defining the characteristics of behavioral economics, identifying its different approaches and comparing them to neoclassical economics. The intention is to present the proposals and conceptual framework of psychological approaches and highlight the elements of departure from, and continuity with, the neoclassical economy. The basic concepts and major findings of behavioral economics are presented particularly based on the work of Kahneman and Tversky. Finally, the dissertation highlights the objections of Gerd Gigerenzer to Kahneman and Tversky research program and makes critical commentaries to the individualism of psychological approaches that have penetrated mainstream economics / Mestrado / Teoria Economica / Mestre em Ciências Econômicas

Orientador: Fábio Bucaretchi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T19:06:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernandes_LucianeCristinaRodrigues_M.pdf: 3350609 bytes, checksum: 1749edf65ae7946299b707cd046715f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Introdução: A carência de adequada e pronta disponibilidade de antídotos é um problema mundial, com consequências potencialmente desastrosas. Objetivo: Avaliar a disponibilidade de antídotos empregados no tratamento das intoxicações nos serviços de emergência públicos e privados da cidade de Campinas. Métodos: Um questionário estruturado foi encaminhado aos responsáveis por farmácias de serviços de emergência de Campinas-SP, públicos e privados, que compuseram a amostra. A disponibilidade, quantidade estocada, local de estoque, e tempo de acesso na sala de emergência (imediata ou dentro de uma hora) a 31 antídotos em 33 apresentações farmacêuticas foi pesquisada, considerando o estoque de pelo menos um tratamento completo por antídoto por serviço, para um adulto com peso estimado de 70 kg. A seleção dos antídotos se baseou em recomendações de estoque contidas em diretrizes internacionais publicadas até o final de 2009. Não foram incluídos na análise soros antiveneno de animais peçonhentos. Resultados: Os questionários foram completados por 14 de 17 serviços de emergência operantes à época, sendo 7 públicos e 7 privados. Nenhuma unidade de emergência dispunha de todos os 31 antídotos selecionados, e nenhuma dispunha de anticorpos antidigoxina, de fisostigmina, de fomepizole, de hidroxicobalamina ou de pralidoxima. Oito serviços contavam com estoque adequado de N-acetilcisteína, porém em apresentações pouco apropriadas para uso como antídotos (ex: solução injetável 3 mg/mL para uso IV; envelopes de 100 mg, 200 mg ou 600 mg para uso VO ou por tubagem nasogástrica). Apenas sete apresentações estavam estocadas em todas as unidades avaliadas (atropina, bicarbonato de sódio a 8,4%, diazepam, fitomenadiona, flumazenil, glicose a 50% e gluconato de cálcio a 10%), seguidas de 13/14 unidades onde também havia estoque de carvão ativado e naloxona. Apenas uma unidade de emergência, pública e de referência regional no tratamento de intoxicações, contava com um estoque próximo ao delineado, com 25 antídotos e 27 apresentações farmacêuticas, porém sem estoque de anticorpos antidigoxina, fisostigmina, fomepizole, hidroxicobalamina, glucagon e pralidoxima. Conclusões: O estoque de antídotos nos serviços de emergência na cidade de Campinas é insuficiente e mal dimensionado, colocando em risco o tratamento de pacientes intoxicados / Abstract: Introduction: The lack of adequate and prompt availability of antidotes is a worldwide problem, with potentially disastrous consequences. Objective: To evaluate the availability of antidotes used in the treatment of poisonings in public and private emergency departments in the municipality of Campinas. Methods: A structured questionnaire was sent to the pharmacy directors of the public and private emergency departments from the Campinas municipality. The availability, amount in stock, stocking place, and access time in the emergency room (immediately or in first hour) to 31 antidotes in 33 pharmaceutical preparations was investigated, considering the stock of at least one full antidote treatment per service per an adult with an estimated weight of 70 kg. . The selection of antidotes was based on stock recommendations contained in international guidelines published by the end of 2009. Antivenoms were not included in the analysis. Results: Questionnaires were completed by 14 of 17 emergency departments operating at the time, 7 public and 7 private. No emergency department had all the 31 selected antidotes, and none of them had antidigoxin antibodies, physostigmine, fomepizole, hydroxocobalamin, or pralidoxime. Eight units had adequate stock of N-acetylcysteine, but in inappropriate presentations for use as antidotes (injectable solution 3 mg / mL for IV use; 100 mg, 200 mg or 600 mg envelopes for use by oral or nasogastric tube). Only seven presentations were stocked in all evaluated units (atropine, sodium bicarbonate 8.4%, diazepam, phytonadione, flumazenil, glucose 50% and calcium gluconate 10%), followed by 13/14 units where there was stock of activated charcoal and naloxone. Only one referral public department emergency in the treatment of poisonings had stocks close to the one outlined with 25 antidotes and 27 pharmaceutical forms, but without antidigoxin antibodies, physostigmine, fomepizole, hydroxocobalamin, glucagon and pralidoxime in stock. Conclusions: The stock of antidotes in emergency departments in the municipality of Campinas is inadequate and poorly scaled, jeopardizing the treatment of poisoned patients / Mestrado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Mestra em Ciências

Syftet med studien var att ta reda på brottsbekämparnas tankar och idéer angående fenomenet cannabissmuggling till Sverige, hur de anser att man bäst skall göra för att minska eller få stopp på smugglingen av cannabis. Undersökningsgruppen består av åtta brottsbekämpare som arbetar i brottsbekämpande myndighet (polisen & Tullen) med god insyn i cannabisproblematik. Brottsbekämparna intervjuades med en semistrukturerad kvalitativ intervju och fick då berätta med egna ord om sina erfarenheter av att bl.a. bekämpa smuggling av cannabis. Resultatet analyseras med hjälp av rutinaktivitetsteorin och rational choice-teorin samt tidigare forskning. Slutsatser som dras i denna studie är att smuggling av cannabis är svårt att stoppa. För att det skall ske en minskning eller kunna få stopp på smuggling av cannabis till Sverige krävs en del samhällsförändringar enligt intervjupersonerna. Smugglingen i sig är inget nytt fenomen, det handlar om att det smugglas stora mängder i legala som i illegala transporter samt att fler och fler människor smugglar in för eget bruk med ett nytt tillvägagångssätt. För att förhindra och försvåra cannabissmuggling till Sverige krävs ett kollektivt ansvarstagande och kollektiva insatser, samarbete mellan brottsbekämpande myndigheter både nationellt och internationellt för att förhindra och försvåra cannabissmuggling till Sverige.  Studien visar också att det råder enighet bland respondenterna om det rådande kontrollsystemet som inte upplevs som så effektivt på grund av byråkratiska organisationer inom myndigheterna. Samtliga respondenter pekade på brister gällande både bemanningar vid gränspassagen och uppmanade till ett nytt sätt att arbeta för att kunna kontrollera så många som möjligt genom samverkan med andra likasinnade myndigheter i utlandet och i Sverige.   Det man skall också komma ihåg är att brottsbekämparna vet en hel del om cannabissmuggling och dess utveckling, beträffande såväl dess volym, struktur som utvecklingen över tid. Vidare finns det anledning att fråga sig vilka belägg som presenteras för de hotbilder som tas fram. Dåligt underbyggda hotbilder kan även de leda till missriktade motåtgärder. Om fel metoder samt fel hotbilder prioriteras är risken stor att antalet oskyldiga människor kontrolleras vid gränsen. Det handlar följaktligen inte enbart om negativa konsekvenser för den personliga integriteten som hotas eller brottsbekämpningens effektivitet, utan även om medborgarnas utsatthet för kränkning. I förlängningen har detta stor betydelse för såväl brottsbekämparnas som det politiska systemets legitimitet.

This study has examined the content of the Swedish Church's posts on the social network media Facebook and Instagram. The posts were published during September to November 2017, which is about 90 posts. I have also analysed if the posts could be seen as marketing in this particular media form. Rational Choice Theory has served as an overall theory in which I assumed that people make rational decisions in the choosing of their religion. Therefore, I see the content on these sites as a supply of the Swedish church religiosity that people can base their decisions on. Through an inductive approach, themes have been searched for in the posts and analysed through text condensation. The result of the study is that there are six types of published content, grief management, church operation, divinity, entertainment, religious history and informative posts about the Swedish church election that took place in September 2017. These posts can be seen as marketing because the focus in marketing has shifted from emphasis on the product to the consumer. The purpose is now to provide consumers with information that they can base their decisions on. Therefore, when people use the information on these sites in order to make a rational choice of their religion, the post can be seen as marketing of the Swedish Church, but not in cases when people read the post in other purposes.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease characterised by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Proper management of diabetes with appropriate drug and lifestyle interventions, guided by proper glycaemic monitoring has shown improved glycaemic control and a substantial decrease in morbidity associated with complications and mortality. Evidence-based guidelines for the appropriate management of diabetes, suggests the use of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as monitoring indicators and have set targets levels that indicate appropriate glucose control. In the event of suboptimal control, actions steps to adjust pharmacotherapeutic treatment has been set out. Of the two aforementioned glycaemic monitoring indicators, HbA1c is termed the 'gold standard' as it provides the most comprehensive data i.e. it reflects both fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations over a 3 months period as compared to FPG which only show glucose levels for a few hours. The aim of this study was to describe the use of glycaemic monitoring indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, classified as stable, treated at primary health care facilities in the Cape Town Metropolitan Region in South Africa. The study was a descriptive, retrospective and quantitative in design. Data were collected from patient medical records and included glycaemic monitoring tests and results as well as prescribing records for a maximum period of 18 months. The study comprised of 575 participants from five primary health care facilities in the Western Cape Metropole region. All participants had FPG results, while HbA1c results were recorded for 86% of participants at least once. More than 70% of participants with either a FPG or HbA1c result showed suboptimal glucose control i.e. were outside of the target range. In 181 opportunities for intervention in participants with HbA1c results outside target, 113 (62.4%) did not have any therapy adjustments, 19 (10.5%) had the total daily dose increased, 6 (3.3%) had total daily dose decreased, 9 (5.0%) had a step-up in regimen, 5 (2.8%) had a step down in regimen and 29 (16.0%) had a lateral regimen change. In 852 opportunities for intervention in participants with FPG results outside target, 609 (71.5%) did not have any therapy adjustments, 47 (5.5%) had the total daily dose increased, 18 (2.1%) had the total daily dose decreased, 16 (1.9%) had a step-up in regimen, 15 (1.8%) had a step down in regimen and 147 (17.3%) had a lateral change in regimen. This study has demonstrated that in the primary healthcare facilities investigated, FPG was the most often used gycaemic monitoring indicator, glycaemic monitoring of patients mostly show suboptimal glucose control and that opportunities to optimise pharmacotherapy in diabetes management are mostly missed.

Architecture is a key factor to the success of the software product, but at least the state of art is not the state of practice. The connection between the completed system and the architecture has often been damaged after the original implementation. Reverse architecting is a method to recover the software architecture by analyzing the artifact. Since reverse architecting is not mature yet, the paper studies methods, tools, and major issues which hinder the person performing reverse architecting all together from knowing whether the reverse architecting method is repeatable and possible to apply on the different releases of the same product.

Litteratur inom systemutvecklingsområdet visar behov av nya snabbare systemutvecklingsmetoder. Orsaken är komplexiteten både i systemutvecklingsprojekten och i organisationer, där systemutveckling sker. Nu föredras små projekt, som omfattar färre än tio deltagare och genomförs på mindre än ett år. De traditionella systemutvecklingsmetoder anses vara lämpliga för stora projekt. Det finns nya systemutvecklingsmetoder, som får benämningen dynamiska metoder, för små projekt. I detta examensarbete studeras faktorer för två dynamiska metoder som gör dem lämpliga för små projekt. De två dynamiska metoderna som kommer att studeras är Extreme Programming och en specifik dokumenterad anpassning av RUP. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att studera metoddokumentationen för två dynamiska metoder för att reda ut i vilken utsträckning de passar för små projekt. Ett ytterligare syfte är att genom analys av andras erfarenheter om tillämpningar av de två metoderna redogöra för det som styrker argumenten om deras lämplighet för små projekt. För att besvara frågeställningen studerades litteratur och ett antal artiklar. Två telefonintervjuer genomfördes också för att besvara en av de två delfrågorna, som tillsammans utgör frågeställningen för denna studie. Resultatet visar att den specifikt dokumenterade anpassade RUP inte följer alla aspekter för små projekt. Däremot följer Extreme Programming alla de aspekterna.

In this thesis we use the theory of algebraic operads to define a complete invariant of real and rational homotopy classes of maps of topological spaces and manifolds. More precisely let f,g : M -&gt; N be two smooth maps between manifolds M and N. To construct the invariant, we define a homotopy Lie structure on the space of linear maps between the homology of M and the homotopy groups of N, and a map mc from the set of based maps from M to N, to the set of Maurer-Cartan elements in the convolution algebra between the homology and homotopy. Then we show that the maps f and g are real (rational) homotopic if and only if mc(f) is gauge equivalent to mc(g), in this homotopy Lie convolution algebra. In the last part we show that in the real case, the map mc can be computed by integrating certain differential forms over certain subspaces of M. We also give a method to determine in certain cases, if the Maurer-Cartan elements mc(f) and mc(g) are gauge equivalent or not. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript. Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.</p>

Abtract Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Title of diploma thesis: The analysis of self-medication with antibiotics in Kaliningrad region - pilote study Student: Kira Matveicheva Supervisor: prof. PharmDr. Jiří Vlček, Ph.D. Consultant: Tatiana Belkina, Ph.D. Objectives: In the theoretical part, I will focus on the self-medication with antibiotics, including its causes and consequences, and the problems associated with the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The aim of the practical part is to analyze the probability and reasons of self-medication with antibiotics in the Kaliningrad region. Methods: A study was conducted from July-August 2015 of community pharmacists and pharmaceutical assistants in Kaliningrad region, Russia. The theoretical part contains a literature research about self-medication with antibiotics and antibiotic resistance which was performed through using PubMed. The main keywords which were used were: "self- medication; antibiotics use; antimicrobial resistance". In practical part was used a self- administered questinnaire to assess antibiotic dispensing without a medical prescription by pharmacists/ pharmaceutical assistants and causes of self-medication practices. Results: Eighty questionnaires were completed, with a...

: INTRODUCTION : Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that predominantly affects geriatric population. However, geriatric patients are not often treated according to specific geriatric recommendations. OA also belongs to highly prevalent disorders managed mostly by symptomatic, analgetic drug treatment. The aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate to which extend are clinical guidelines for management of OA focused (generallly and in areas of individual pharmacotherapeutic strategies) on specific aspects of rational geriatric pharmacotherapy. Diploma thesis was completed as a recherche thesis (part I.) for follow-up studies dealing with rationality of analgetic drug treatment in older patients (rigorous thesis of M. Miklasová MS, Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, 2016). METHOD : 4 national and 3 international clinical guidelines for management of osteoarthritis in accessible languages, published between 2005 and 2014 years, were identified by literature search conducted between 9/2015- 3/2017. Following guidelines were included : czech (2012), german (2009), australian (2009), american (2012) and recommendations of international societies OARSI (2008-2010), EULAR (2005, 2007) and NICE (2014).This diploma...