The thesis deals with development of reading in the Czech society during the last few decades. The aim of this study is to explore certain factors, that cause probace changes in reading of books and what is the measure of their impact. The teoretici part describes the historical long-term trends. These trends include existence certain historical events in the Czech society, which were defined by technological progress. In the next part explains important words for this study (who is the typical reader and non-reader, reading culture, reading behavior, etc.). The empirical part of study is based on multi-dimensional analysis the certain factors, which impact reading in proportion to time and the generations (created age categories - young generation 20 - 34, middle-aged 35 - 54 and old generation 55+). This part of study uses data from sociological researches, primarily of social and class structure (1984, 1991, 1999 and 2006). This study uses data from the international research of International Adult Literacy Survey (SIALS 98) and data from sociological research ISSP 2007 (Leisure time and sport). In this regard, the research followed in addition to leisure activities, many aspects such as level of educational attainment, size of home library etc. Key words Reading, reader, book, education, age,...

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-10-10T17:37:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CIRLENE DA SILVA ANDRADE.pdf: 5123037 bytes, checksum: 20f72988cef29981703a74642a211e86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-10T17:37:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CIRLENE DA SILVA ANDRADE.pdf: 5123037 bytes, checksum: 20f72988cef29981703a74642a211e86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-29 / This research has the purpose of demonstrating that, starting from the modernity, the reading acquired new senses, and, in consequence, the reader started to carry out a new function: the one of co-producer of the artistic text. Hole this that is integral part of doing literary of the books corpus of this Dissertation and prominence of the chosen theoretical referential for the analysis of the studied literary works. The Aesthetics of the Reception, when bringing the reader for the scenery of the literary analysis, considers him subject in the process creation of the work of art. The range of senses of the literary text is, then, established starting from the dialogue among author/reader/ text, moment in that he or she understands each other the metaphorical language, the symbols, the intertextualizations, the implicit dialogues etc. As essential elements of the dialogic artistic creation. Being like this, it is considered the character speaker of the art and the importance of the respect to the apprenticeship of the child's psychological development in the choice of the text that will be destined to her, so that, in the action of the reading, get to establish with success the interrelation among the information contained in the textual structure with their life experiences. To work all those aspects, the literary books of Maria de Fátima Gonçalves Lima was used, for they be works of an expressive artistic value, that, for May of the interdiscursivities and of the intertext, it values the speech of the other, allowing to demonstrate, this way, that the language is par excellence dialogic. / Esta pesquisa tem o propósito de demonstrar que, a partir da modernidade, a leitura adquiriu novos sentidos, e, em decorrência, o leitor passou a desempenhar uma nova função: a de coprodutor do texto artístico. Papel este que é parte integrante do fazer literário dos livros corpus desta Dissertação e destaque do referencial teórico escolhido para a análise das obras literárias estudadas. A Estética da Recepção, ao trazer o leitor para o cenário da análise literária, considera-o sujeito no processo de criação da obra de arte. A gama de sentidos do texto literário é, então, estabelecida a partir do diálogo entre autor/leitor/texto, momento em que se entende a linguagem metafórica, os símbolos, as intertextualizações, os diálogos implícitos etc. como elementos essenciais da criação artística dialógica. Sendo assim, considera-se o caráter interlocutor da arte e a importância do respeito ao estágio de desenvolvimento psicológico da criança na escolha do texto que será destinado a ela, para que, no ato da leitura, consiga estabelecer com êxito a inter-relação entre as informações contidas na estrutura textual com suas experiências de vida. Para trabalhar todos esses aspectos, foram utilizados os livros literários de Maria de Fátima Gonçalves Lima, por serem obras de um expressivo valor artístico, que, por meio da interdiscursividade e do intertexto, valoriza o discurso do outro, permitindo demonstrar, desse modo, que a linguagem é por excelência dialógica.

(in English) This thesis discusses the methodology of teaching reading comprehension and using text in the process of teaching Czech for foreigners. It is aimed at developing an approach to teaching reading skills in language classes on the basis of contemporary literature on the subject and in offering structured exercises for utililizing this approach. The theoretical section of this thesis offers a complex analysis of the topic, approaches to evaluating text and developing reading competence in the process of teaching. The practical chapter Cvičení a aktivity (Exercises and Activities) illustrates, through example exercises and activities, how to teach particular aspects of reading competence on the basis of types of reading and reading strategies described in the theoretical and methodological framework of the thesis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Catarina Reis Matos da Cruz.pdf: 2678362 bytes, checksum: 5bdce63d62e3c25c80ecfdd222ea1ea6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-11 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This dissertation aims to develop an interpretative analytical study of the novel, Senhora , novelist José de Alencar in confrontation with the feuilleton, journalistic genre of 19th century. The central aim is to verify the presence of the characteristics of the feuilleton composition in novel Senhora , realizing that the writer began his literary career with journalism experience. The themes are: Chapter I presents the landscape of the feuilleton genre until the formation of novel. Chapter II deals with the storytelling feuilleton process and novel Senhora in parallel, by means of the likelihood. Chapter III shows us the fictional romance and society from Rio de Janeiro in middle of nineteenth century in approximation and detachment from the romance-feuilleton. The theoretical support parameters are: Marlyse Meyer (1996), Ribeiro (1996), Roberto Schwartz (2000), Tzvetan Todorov (2008), Antonio Candido (1982), (1975) and (2007) Mikhail Bakhtin (1993) and (2003), among others. We priorized the method of hypothetical-deductive approach because search assumes that Alencar would have used the methodology and procedures feuilleton narrative structural (romance-feuilleton) in Senhora novel. The procedures of analysis and synthesis are constants in the interpretation of the novel, resulting in a search descriptive self-explanatory, between the romance-feuilleton and Senhora novel and similar structures of both / A presente dissertação tem o objetivo geral de desenvolver um estudo analítico interpretativo do romance Senhora, do romancista José de Alencar em confronto com o folhetim, gênero jornalístico do século XIX. O objetivo central é verificar a presença das características da composição folhetinesca no romance Senhora, entendendo que o escritor iniciou sua carreira literária com a experiência jornalística. A temática está assim distribuída: o capítulo I apresenta o panorama do gênero folhetim até a formação do romance. O capítulo II trata do processo narrativo folhetinesco e do romance Senhora em paralelo, por meio da verossimilhança. O capítulo III mostra-nos as personagens do romance e a sociedade fluminense da época em aproximação e distanciamento na intriga. Os parâmetros teóricos de suporte analítico são: Marlyse Meyer (1996), Ribeiro (1996), Roberto Schwartz (2000), Tzvetan Todorov (2008), Antonio Candido (1982), (1975) e (2007) Mikhail Bakhtin (1993) e (2003), dentre outros. Priorizamos o método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo, pois a pesquisa parte da hipótese que Alencar teria utilizado a metodologia e os procedimentos estruturais da narrativa folhetinesca (romance-folhetim) no romance Senhora. Os procedimentos da análise e síntese são constantes na interpretação do romance, resultando numa pesquisa descritivo-explicativa, entre o romance-folhetim e o romance Senhora e suas estruturas similares

Master's thesis was focused on enjoyment from reading. The aim of the thesis was to analyze and after that characterize, where the enjoyment from reading lies, which factors do affect it, which elements of titel do participate on iit, by different respondents based on qualitative survey. The first part of thesis was dedicated to theoretical treatise about enjoyment generally and enjoyment from art. Focus was placed on conception of reader and author, on reading and literary work from literry theory point of view. In practical part was at first introduced and commented set of questions, that was used as a tool for enjoyment study together with methodology of qualitative research. After that my answers on questions focused on immediate enjoyment and perception were submitted also with expected answers from respondents, following the elaboration of respondents reader's profiles nad their enjoyment from reading. The analyzes of answers related to respondent's enjoyment were part of annexes. Keywords Enjoyment, enjoyment chaining, reader, reading, readership, reader's biography, self- reflection, analysis, author, literary work, literature

Ce travail explore les représentations du corps mort dans des cuentos hispano-américains contemporains pour essayer d’établir par ce biais une typologie des rapports que l’être humain entretient de façon générale avec la mort. L’idée centrale que nous avançons est que la littérature reproduit un nombre limité de réactions universellement valables, se montrant ainsi capable de mettre à la disposition de ses lecteurs un inventaire étrangement fiable des attitudes qu’eux-mêmes, à l’instar des personnages, sont susceptibles d’aborder face à cet événement ultime. Le choix du cadavre comme protagoniste des récits étudiés s’explique par le fait qu’il soit la seule image concrète et tangible de la mort et que, par son apparence repoussante, il représente une terrible source de hantise qui conditionne et altère toute tentative paisible de se rapprocher de celle-ci. Le cadre théorique des mondes possibles littéraires qui posent la fiction comme expérience envisageable et la particularité formelle du genre littéraire du cuento avec sa petite étendue et son caractère auto-suffisant permettent la vision du texte comme espace tombal où gisent ces nombreux cadavres fictionnels. Le lecteur a ainsi accès de près au corps mourant/mort, froid, putride, puant, dépecé ou bien embaumé, et les expériences littéraires acquises de cette manière s’ajoutent à son effort d’apprivoisement de la réalité effrayante de la mort. / This work explores the dead body as it is represented in a number of contemporary Latin American cuentos in order to establish a typology of the different reactions of human beings in general when faced with death. I suggest that literature reproduces a limited number of universal behaviours in this situation and thus it gives readers a fairly reliable inventory of the attitudes that they, like the characters, are likely to adopt.The corpse as a protagonist of the short stories discussed here has been selected because it is the only concrete and palpable image of death and that, by its repulsive appearance, it represents a terrible source of fear which conditions and alters any intention of peacefully trying to come to terms with it. The theoretical framework of the literary possible worlds whereby fiction is seen as a potential experience, and the formal characteristics of the cuento, such as its reduced, self-contained nature, allow the text to be read as a funerary space where all these fictional dead bodies lie. The reader is thus brought into close contact to the dying/dead, cold, putrid, stinking, dismembered or embalmed body and the literary experiences he/she goes through help him/her to come to grips with the frightening reality of death.