Thesis (Ph. D)--Columbia University, 1920. / Vita. Published also as Contributions to education, Teachers College, Columbia University, no. 113. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record.

Thesis (Ph. D)--Columbia University, 1920. / Vita. Published also as Contributions to education, Teachers College, Columbia University, no. 113. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record.

Thesis (doctoral)--Université Paris IV, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 289-309).

Orientador: Odil José de Oliveira Filho / Banca: Rubens Pereira dos Santos / Banca: Suely Fadul Villibor Flory / Banca: Nelyse Apparecida Melro Salzedas / Banca: Maria de Lourdes Zizi Trevisan Perez / Resumo: O trabalho pretende analisar o processo criativo do escritor português José Saramago, com vistas a demonstrar como Saramago assimila e transforma as matérias lidas e converte-as em escrituras, caracterizando-as como releituras com alta literariedade. Para dar conta desse objetivo adotamos uma perspectiva téorico-metodológica ampla e flexível, recorrendo às contribuições das teorias bakhtinianas sobre a intertextualidade e da Estética da Recepção, que nortearão este estudo e, como texto produzido pelo escritor, o romance O Ano da Morte de Ricardo Reis. Para atingir este propósito, tornou-se necessário um estudo detalhado da condição desse autodidata atingir, em um alcance máximo, a artisticidade literária pelo viés da linguagem oralizante, permeada de ironia e denúncia social, para tentar perceber os ecos polifônicos das leituras que se aglutinaram para representar, por meio de escritura, a concretização de uma obra inovadora. / Abstract: This work aims at analyzing the creative process of the Portuguese writer José Saramago in order to show how Saramago assimilates and turns all topics he rereads into great literary works, by making them literature of high quality. In order to reach that goal, the novel O Ano da Morte de Ricardo Reis, a text produced by Saramago, was selected as the main object of this study. First, an expressional route made by Saramago is traced in the search of a textual framework which shows the way to see and feel the world - a real scripture. To reach this objective, it was necessary to accomplish a detailed study to realize how this self-taught person came to be a remarkable writer in literature through the oral language, full of irony and social denouncement to try to perceive the polyphonic echoes of the reading, which agglutinated to present by, means of scripture, the concretion of an innovator work. / Doutor

Esta investigação tem por objetivo compreender a proposta de leitura de textos literários feita no Programa de Formação de Professores Alfabetizadores PROFA e, para desenvolvê-la, o trabalho foi dividido em três partes principais que consistiram em: 1. Constatar o lugar ocupado pelo referido Programa na história dos processos de formação e profissional docente no Brasil; 2. Analisar o tema da leitura e da literatura no contexto deste Programa; 3. Conhecer, por meio de entrevistas com professoras participantes do Programa, quais as contribuições oferecidas por este ao percurso de formação profissional e às práticas docentes. Esse Programa foi implantado e implementado pelo Ministério da Educação brasileiro entre os anos de 1999 e 2001, tendo como finalidade oferecer subsídios metodológicos aos professores que ensinam a ler e a escrever, visto os desafios enfrentados por eles no trabalho com os alunos das séries iniciais no que diz respeito, em especial, ao processo de alfabetização. Uma das estratégias de formação adotada pelo PROFA é a leitura compartilhada de textos literários, compreendida por seus elaboradores como meio de incentivar os professores à prática da leitura e de conscientizá-los sobre a importância desse exercício para o avanço de seu próprio trabalho com os alunos. Da leitura dos materiais elaborados para este Programa e dos depoimentos de seis professoras que participaram do PROFA, compreendemos que a leitura de textos literários em contextos de formação contínua de professores é importante não só para a valorização dessa prática e para a melhoria dos índices de qualidade do ensino da leitura e da escrita, como também para a formação pessoal e profissional de todo o educador e, conseqüentemente, para a aprendizagem dos educandos. Benefício que se estende a professores e alunos, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de compreender melhor o mundo, o outro e a si mesmo. / The objective of this work is to understand the proposal of the reading of literary texts made in the reading and writing teacher training at PROFA (Programa de Formação de Professores Alfabetizadores ). This work was divided in three main parts as follows: 1. To establish the programs position in the history of professional teaching training in Brazil; 2. To analyze the subject of the reading and literature in the context of this Program; 3. Based on the interviews, to know the Programs contributions to the professional development and teaching practice for the teachers that take part of this program. This Program was implanted and implemented by the Brazilian Ministry of Education between 1999 and 2001, having as its main purpose to offer methodological resources for the teachers who teach to read and to write, considering the challenges they face in their work with Primary School students, especially in the literacy process. One of the teaching strategies used by PROFA is the shared reading of literary texts, understood by its developers as a way to stimulate the teachers to the reading practice and to make them aware of the importance of this exercise for the development of his/her own work with the students. Based on the reading of the materials elaborated by the Program and by the interviews made with six teachers who participated of the PROFA, we understand that the reading of literary texts in contexts of continuous teacher training is important not only for the valuation of this practice and the improvement of the index of quality in reading and writing teaching, but also for the personal and professional development of the educator and, consequently, for the students learning. This is a benefit that is extended to teachers and students, contributing for the development of the capacity to better understand the world, the others and oneself .

Esta investigação tem por objetivo compreender a proposta de leitura de textos literários feita no Programa de Formação de Professores Alfabetizadores PROFA e, para desenvolvê-la, o trabalho foi dividido em três partes principais que consistiram em: 1. Constatar o lugar ocupado pelo referido Programa na história dos processos de formação e profissional docente no Brasil; 2. Analisar o tema da leitura e da literatura no contexto deste Programa; 3. Conhecer, por meio de entrevistas com professoras participantes do Programa, quais as contribuições oferecidas por este ao percurso de formação profissional e às práticas docentes. Esse Programa foi implantado e implementado pelo Ministério da Educação brasileiro entre os anos de 1999 e 2001, tendo como finalidade oferecer subsídios metodológicos aos professores que ensinam a ler e a escrever, visto os desafios enfrentados por eles no trabalho com os alunos das séries iniciais no que diz respeito, em especial, ao processo de alfabetização. Uma das estratégias de formação adotada pelo PROFA é a leitura compartilhada de textos literários, compreendida por seus elaboradores como meio de incentivar os professores à prática da leitura e de conscientizá-los sobre a importância desse exercício para o avanço de seu próprio trabalho com os alunos. Da leitura dos materiais elaborados para este Programa e dos depoimentos de seis professoras que participaram do PROFA, compreendemos que a leitura de textos literários em contextos de formação contínua de professores é importante não só para a valorização dessa prática e para a melhoria dos índices de qualidade do ensino da leitura e da escrita, como também para a formação pessoal e profissional de todo o educador e, conseqüentemente, para a aprendizagem dos educandos. Benefício que se estende a professores e alunos, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de compreender melhor o mundo, o outro e a si mesmo. / The objective of this work is to understand the proposal of the reading of literary texts made in the reading and writing teacher training at PROFA (Programa de Formação de Professores Alfabetizadores ). This work was divided in three main parts as follows: 1. To establish the programs position in the history of professional teaching training in Brazil; 2. To analyze the subject of the reading and literature in the context of this Program; 3. Based on the interviews, to know the Programs contributions to the professional development and teaching practice for the teachers that take part of this program. This Program was implanted and implemented by the Brazilian Ministry of Education between 1999 and 2001, having as its main purpose to offer methodological resources for the teachers who teach to read and to write, considering the challenges they face in their work with Primary School students, especially in the literacy process. One of the teaching strategies used by PROFA is the shared reading of literary texts, understood by its developers as a way to stimulate the teachers to the reading practice and to make them aware of the importance of this exercise for the development of his/her own work with the students. Based on the reading of the materials elaborated by the Program and by the interviews made with six teachers who participated of the PROFA, we understand that the reading of literary texts in contexts of continuous teacher training is important not only for the valuation of this practice and the improvement of the index of quality in reading and writing teaching, but also for the personal and professional development of the educator and, consequently, for the students learning. This is a benefit that is extended to teachers and students, contributing for the development of the capacity to better understand the world, the others and oneself .

This thesis is an examination of the mass-market publishing industry in Britain after the First World War and of the 'literature' read by the lower-middle and working classes: novels and weekly magazines. We chronicle the development of the industry both generally and through the experiences of three publishers, examine the activity and motivations of the reading public and consider the treatment of contemporary issues and attitudes within popular fiction as a useful barometer for the historian. There are seven chapters. Chapter 1 considers the period before 1914 in order to provide the necessary background for an understanding of the focus of this study, 1914-1950. The origins of the popular publishing industry and Wilkie Collins' 'Unknown Public' are examined and continuities with post-1914 popular literature traced. In Chapter 2 a broad overview of our period is conducted: the development of the industry and of the market, the influence of war and the depression, and the effect on reading of the growth of other leisure activities. Chapters 3 and 5 look at the reading habits of adults and children/adolescents from the lower-middle and working classes. In both cases contemporaries and readers themselves seemed to think 'escapism' was paramount in the selection of 'light' fiction and there was therefore a significant continuity between child and adult reading. Finally, Chapters 4, 6 and 7 focus on the histories and influence of three publishers of popular fiction during this period. These include two of the most successful (Mills and Boon, D.C. Thomson) and in contrast, a prominent but declining firm (The Religious Tract Society). In each case the complex relationship between market forces and editorial policies is discussed. We conclude that a reciprocal relationship existed between publisher and reader, with the latter dictating much of what was published. Popular fiction, moreover, served to reinforce predominant stereotypes and ideological views of society rather than to impose specific doctrine.

Based on the author's dissertation, Johns Hopkins. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [189]-192) and index.

Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004. / Library lacks CD-ROM. On title page: MPhil in Hypermedia for Language Learning. Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

Based on the author's dissertation, Johns Hopkins. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [189]-192) and index.