In order to calculate specific impedance of cell-covered electrodes in a Equation of morphological parameters of cell per se, an ECIS model of Human Renal Epithelial Cell are created by analysis partial differential equations describing three intrinsic pathways of electrical currents in the system. Based on this cell model, this research explores how some adjustable dimensional parameters of electrode-configuration impact sensor sensitivity by changing the overall impedance contribution of electrical double layer. Namely, it includes electrode planner area, spacing between working and counter electrode and geometry of electrode, scanning frequency. Qualitative studies on how sensor sensitivity rely on configurational parameters are conducted with these parameters involved. Moreover, theoretical analysis of sensitivity by using equivalent circuit model is also carried out. As results of COMSOL simulations, special double layer electrode configurations and selectively planted cell monolayer arrangement are proposed regardless of fabrication difficulties. Accordingly, some possible strategies to make these arrangements come true are also illustrated. Finally, superior possible COMSOL simulation model is suggested and discussed for future optimization works. / 2021-05-07T00:00:00Z

Gemeinsamer Workshop von Universitaetsrechenzentrum und Professur Rechnernetze und verteilte Systeme der Fakultaet fuer Informatik der TU Chemnitz. Service Monitoring ist eine Voraussetzung für zuverlässige Dienste. Ausgehend von einer Einführung in die Techniken des Real-Time Monitoring wird das System "Big Brother" und der Einsatz im Universitätsrechenzentrum der TUC vorgestellt. Abschliesend werden einige Aspekte der Benachrichtigung beim Auftreten kritischer Ereignisse und Zustände diskutiert. bei der Alarmierung

With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, information technology and manufacturing systems are merging to form what is now known as Smart Manufacturing. However, with this newer technology being integrated with newer pieces of machining equipment, companies with legacy equipment occasionally are in a bind since these machines were not designed or built with the fundamental components of smart manufacturing systems: unified connectivity, real-time monitoring, and issue identification. The purpose of this research is to provide a solution for converting manual machining equipment into smart systems with these fundamental components of smart manufacturing. The pieces of equipment that were the subjects of this experimentation were an HJ-1100 Kingston lathe and four ACER Vertical Turret Milling machines. None of these machines had any of these capabilities at the inception of this project.These machines were successfully converted into smart systems with varying degrees of reliability between the lathe and the four mills in the case of real-time monitoring and issue identification. The setups and configurations to achieve these three smart components are described and provided.

<p>In recent years, the pharmaceutical industry has embarked on an extensive program to modernize its manufacturing resources. Recognizing the limitations of traditional mass manufacturing, the industry is now focused on developing new production systems that can deliver high-quality medicines with enhanced efficiency, flexibility, agility, and reliability. To realize this vision, innovations in three key areas are being pursued: continuous processing, personalized medicine, and Industry 4.0.</p> <p>This thesis contributes towards the industry’s goal by focusing on the development of an advanced system to manufacture solid oral drug products. This system is centered around a pharmaceutical additive manufacturing technology called drop on demand (DoD) printing. This technology is highly effective in making personalized drug products, which allow for customizing dose attributes such as drug loading, release behavior, formulation type, and dosage form, based on patient requirements. To develop the DoD printer into an advanced production system, technologies such as end-to-end continuous processing, real time quality assurance, and automated operation need to be incorporated into it. </p> <p>The studies presented in this thesis implement different aspects of these technologies in the printer. To enable end to end operation, a novel solvent switch process called three phase settling is developed to integrate the DoD system with upstream steps for synthesizing the active ingredient. To facilitate automated processing of formulations with different active ingredients, excipients, and particle concentrations, a model framework is developed to recommend operating conditions for the DoD platform that can deliver on-spec printer operation. To expand the range of personalized dosage forms offered by the system, the manufacturing of a new category of drug products, called mini-tablets, is demonstrated. To provide reconfigurability and quality assurance capabilities in the platform, modular design and process monitoring tools are implemented. To aid optimization and control of drug production processes, a digital twin is developed by combining the models developed for DoD, solvent switch, synthesis, and crystallization operations. </p> <p>The research presented in this thesis lays the foundation for developing the next generation of manufacturing systems for drug products. Incorporation of scalability, autonomous operation, and real time release prediction are critical steps in facilitating the next phase of its development – deployment in real-world manufacturing scenarios.  </p>

No description available.

No description available.

In the Spring of 2012, hydraulic data was collected to calibrate three types of discharge models: stage-discharge, single-regression and multi-regression index velocity models. Unsteady flow conditions were observed at the site (â H/â t = 0.75 cm/min), but the data did not indicate hysteresis nor variable backwater effects on the stage-discharge relation. Furthermore, when corrected with a datum offset (α) value of -0.455, the stage-discharge relation r2 was equal to 0.98. While the multiple regression index velocity models also showed high correlation (r2 = 0.98) values, high noise levels of the parameter index velocity (Vi) complicated their use for the determination of discharge. Because of its reliability, low variance and accessibility to students, the stage-discharge model [Q = 5.459(H-0.455)^2.487] was selected as the model to determine discharge in real-time for LEWAS. Caution should be used, however, when applying the equation to stages above 1.0m. The selected discharge model was applied to ADCP stage (H) data collected during three runoff events in July 2012. Other LEWAS models showed similar discharge values (coefficient of variation = 0.14) while the on-site weir also produced similar discharge values. Precipitation estimates for July 19 and 24 rain events over the Webb Branch watershed were derived from IDW interpolated rain data and rainfall-runoff analyses from this data yielded an average ratio of 0.23, low for the urbanized watershed. However, since the three LEWAS models were very similar, and the on-site weir showed a lower value to LEWAS, it was concluded that any error in the ratio would be attributed to the precipitation estimate, and not the discharge models developed in this study. / Master of Science

School cafeterias face significant challenges in maintaining operational efficiency while minimizing food waste within the educational sector. Currently, the methods available for counting dishes are predominantly manual or semi-manual. Accurately counting served plates is crucial for evaluating meal portions and planning food preparation, yet these methods frequently result in inaccuracies and inefficiencies. To address these challenges, this project introduces an innovative automated system for counting washed dishes used in the school’s dining hall. The system employs embedded systems equipped with a proper machine learning model to detect dishes placed in trays and count them at the washing station in the kitchens of schools. By automating the dish counting process, the system improves operational efficiency, reduces food waste, and provides precise data for meal planning, inventory management, and budget planning. Initial results show promising accuracy and efficiency, with the best model achieving an average precision of 0.71, a precision of 95.2%, and a recall of 70.5% using Google Cloud’s AutoML platform. However, further optimization is needed for real-world deployment. This project is constrained by limited time for labeling images and a budget of 300$. This project represents a collaboration between Linnaeus University, Kalmar Municipality, and SensIot Company, reflecting a shared commitment to sustainability through reduced food waste in educational institutions.

Whole cell biosensors have been extensively used for monitoring toxicity and contamination of compounds in environmental biology and microbial ecology. However, their application in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries for preservative efficacy testing (PET) has been limited. According to several pharmacopoeias, preservatives should be tested for microbial activity using traditional viable count techniques; the use of whole cell microbial biosensors potentially provides an alternative, fast, and efficient method. The aim of the study was to construct and develop whole cell microbial biosensors with Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027. Constitutive promoters: PlysS, Pspc, Ptat, Plpp and PldcC and the lux-cassette were inserted into plasmid pME4510 and transformed into P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 cells to produce bioluminescent strains. Plasmids were found to be maintained stably (~50 copies per cell) throughout the growth and death cycle. The novel bioluminescent strains were validated in accordance with the pharmacopoeia using bioluminescence detection and quantification followed by comparison with the traditional plate counting method. The bioluminescent method was found to be accurate, precise and equivalent at a range of 103 – 107 CFU/mL, as compared with plate counting. Recovery of bacterial cells was quantified using bioluminescence; this method proved to be accurate with percentage recoveries between 70-130% for all bioluminescent strains. The method was also more precise (relative standard deviation less than 15%) than the traditional plate counting method or the ATP bioluminescent method. Therefore, the bioluminescent constructs passed/exceeded pharmacopoeial specified criteria for range, limit of detection, accuracy, precision and equivalence. Physiology of the validated bioluminescent strains was studied by assessing the growth and death patterns using constitutive gene expression linked with bacterial replication. Promoter strengths were evaluated at various stages of the growth and death pattern and related to promoter sequences. PlysS, Ptat and Plpp were relatively strong promoters whilst PldcC and Pspc were relatively weak promoters. Relative promoter strength decreased in the order of Plpp>Ptat>PlysS>PldcC>Pspc during the exponential phase whilst Ptat was stronger than Plpp during the stationary phase of growth. Plpp had its highest level of expression during the exponential phase, while Ptat had relatively stable lux expression during the stationary phase. Correlations between relative bioluminescence and CFU at 24 hours were greater than 0.9 indicating a strong relationship for all bioluminescent strains. Reduction in correlation coefficients to approximately 0.6 between relative bioluminescence and CFU and between relative fluorescence and CFU beyond 24 hours indicated that a certain proportion of cells were viable but non-culturable. Tat-pME-lux showed steady bioluminescence compared to CFU count (R>0.9) throughout 28 days of growth. Equivalence analysis showed no significant difference between the bioluminescence and plate count method throughout 28 days of growth for all five bioluminescent strains. Applicability of these novel bioluminescent strains was evaluated for preservative efficacy tests (PET) using bacterial replication and bioluminescence as a measure of constitutive gene expression. PET using benzalkonium chloride and benzyl alcohol showed no significant difference between the bioluminescent method and the plate count method. Good correlations between bioluminescence, CFU count and fluorescence were obtained for benzalkonium chloride (BKC) concentrations (R>0.9) between 0.0003% and 0.0025% against strains lysR25, lppR4 and tatH5. Similarly, good correlations (R>0.9) between the three parameters were obtained for benzyl alcohol (BA) concentrations between 0.125% and 2% against strains lysR25, lppR4 and tatH5. The bioluminescent method and traditional plate counting method were equivalent for concentrations of BKC (0.0003 - 0.02%) and BA (0.25 - 2%) during preservative efficacy tests. These bioluminescent constructs therefore are good candidates for selection for preservative efficacy testing. The bioluminescent method and traditional plate counting method were also found to be equivalent for construct tatH5 at a concentration of 0.125% BA. PET testing with BKC and BA showed that tatH5-pMElux (R>0.9) had consistently high correlation coefficients between CFU and relative bioluminescence. Together with the results from growth and death kinetics, where tatH5 showed the greatest constitutive expression, it can be concluded that P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 tatH5-pMElux is the best construct for testing various antimicrobial agents. This study has shown that according to the pharmacopoeial requirements, the bioluminescent method is more accurate, precise and equivalent to the traditional plate counting method and therefore can be utilised instead of the traditional plate counting method for the purpose of preservative efficacy testing.

<p>Praćenje promena, odnosno, monitoring terena i objekata je zadatak od<br />izuzetnog značaja, jer omogućava, u prvom redu, pravovremeno<br />reagovanje i time smanjenje materijalne štete i ljudskih žrtava.<br />Primena modernih tehnologija u oblasti senzora i komunikacija<br />obezbeđuje monitoring terena i objekata u realnom vremenu. Prostorno<br />distribuirani senzori &ndash; geosenzorska mreža, prikupljaju podatke, koji<br />se na računarima skladište i analiziraju. Disertacija se bavi<br />modelom geosenzorske mreže, kao opštim rešenjem za monitoring<br />terena i objekata, koje predstavlja polaznu osnovu od koje se može doći<br />do sistema koji zadovoljava postavljene zahteve.</p> / <p>Observing of changes, that is, monitoring of terrain and objects, is very<br />significant task, since it enables timely response and thus decreasing of<br />material damage and human casualties. Usage of modern sensor and<br />communication technologies provides real-time monitoring of terrain and<br />objects. Spatialy distributed sensors, i.e. geosensor network, gather the data<br />which are then stored and analyzed. In this disertation a model of geosensor<br />network is proposed as a generalized solution for monitoring of terrain and<br />objects which can represent a basis in creating a system that can be altered<br />to meet the requirements in certain cases.</p>