Enforcing EoL recovery strategies is critical to shifting the paradigm from a linear to a circular economy that enables future growth. This study identifies relevant evaluation indicators for End of-life recovery strategies in the Outdoor Power Equipment industry, as well as the drivers and barriers to implementation of End-of-life recovery strategies. Furthermore, it contributes to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 8 and 12 and serves as a starting point for increasing product circularity in the Outdoor Power Equipment industry through End-of-life recovery strategies. For this purpose, a structured literature review and an exploratory case study was conducted in collaboration with the market leader, Husqvarna Group. The results showed the relevant evaluation indicators selected by the case company, addressing the three sustainability dimensions. From an organizational perspective, this study emphasizes the role of different factors acting as drivers and barriers to EoL recovery strategy implementation for industry to drive a successful implementation. / Att genomdriva cirkulära produktstrategier är avgörande för omställningen till cirkulär ekonomi, vilket möjliggör framtida ekonomisk tillväxt. Den här studien identifierar relevanta utvärderingsindikatorer för cirkulära produktstrategier inom tillverkningsindustrin, samt drivkrafter och barriärer för genomförande av dessa. Studien bidrar till Förenade Nationerna Globala Mål för Hållbar Utveckling 8 och 12 och fungerar som en utgångspunkt för att öka livslängden för produkter och komponenter inom industrin. För detta genomfördes en explorativ fallstudie genom en strukturerad litteraturgenomgång, workshops och intervjuer i samarbete med marknadsledaren Husqvarna Group. Resultaten visade att relevanta utvärderings indikatorer är klimatpåverkan, kundnöjdhet och intäktspotential, som tar upp de tre hållbarhetsdimensionerna. Från ett organisatoriskt perspektiv betonar denna studie barriärer mellan affärsutveckling och organisation, vilket hotar framgångsrik implementering. För att driva en framgångsrik implementering, är anpassat resultatmål, utbildning och ökad teknisk kapacitet sätt att övervinna den nuvarande verkligheten.

O branqueamento por estresse térmico é a principal causa do declínio de cnidários simbióticos nos oceanos tropicais. Contudo, este processo pode ser revertido. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é o estudo integrado dos processos fisiológico da perda e recuperação das zooxantelas relacionado ao fenômeno de branqueamento por aumento de temperatura em E. pallida, mediante o estudo da resposta do holobionte ao estresse térmico, com ênfase na troca de população simbiótica. Um dos mecanismos de recuperação da pigmentação investigados nesse estudo é a proliferação dos endosimbiontes remanescentes no cnidário, onde foi encontrando um padrão de repigmentação funcional em diferentes partes do pólipo. Neste contexto é proposto um mecanismo de ruptura da simbiose na qual os endosimbiontes participam ativamente de sua expulsão e dispersão no meio, abrindo uma nova discussão sobre o agente diretor da simbiose. Uma vez que o branqueamento tem sido relacionado com estresse oxidativo e a fotossíntese é um processo oxidante, avaliamos a atividade redox induzida pela fotossíntese da alga hospedada, assim como a atividade antioxidante e reparadora do hospedeiro. Descobrimos no hospedeiro um mecanismo preventivo para lidar com a atividade fotossintética da zooxantela abrigada. Por outro lado, a perda da alga a partir do branqueamento pode fornecer uma oportunidade para o hospedeiro ser repopulado por outros simbiontes com diferentes capacidades fisiológicas. Assim, encontramos que existe uma troca de alga ideal para o frio (clado F), e para o calor (clado E). Entretanto, alguns clados podem estar indisponíveis no ambiente por serem termosensíveis em vida livre. Concluímos assim que, dentro dos cenários das mudanças climáticas globais, o mais vantajoso para o animal e para a alga é manter uma endopopulação mista e trocar a população simbiôntica predominante segundo as condições ambientais. Aliás, encontramos que o holobionte estudado está melhor preparado para condições de aquecimento que de esfriamento. Por outro lado, considerando que o peróxido de hidrogênio é um derivado de filtros solares e que ao mesmo tempo é um precursor do branqueamento, investigamos se o branqueamento da anêmona Anemonia sulcata produzido pela exposição a peróxido de hidrogênio é um bom modelo como bioindicador ambiental através da avaliação da cor e de biomarcadores fisiológicos. Porém, descartamos A. sulcata como espécie bioindicadora por apresentar uma alta tolerância ao estresse oxidativo, provavelmente fornecido pela atividade fotossintética da alga e por ser uma espécie intermareal que suporta grandes intervalos de oxido-redução. Desta forma, os resultados obtidos no presente estudo apontam a relevância do Symbiodinium dentro da fisiologia do holobionte, tanto na recuperação do branqueamento quanto no estabelecimento e ruptura da simbiose. Consequentemente, futuros estudos podem aprimorar as técnicas de identificação dos clados hospedados para entender a eventual sucessão endopopulacional de acordo com as condições ambientais / Thermal bleaching is the main cause of simbiotic cnidarian decay in tropical oceans. However, some cnidarians have shown to recover the pigmentation from such events. The main aim of this study is the holistic approach of the physiological processes associated to zooxanthela loss and recovery after thermal stress in the holobiont E. pallida. Firstm we considered pigmentation recovey from the remaining zooxanthelae within the cnidarian host. We found a functional pattern of pigmentation recovery. In this context, we propose a mechanism of symbiosis break in which the endosymbionts participate actively on its release and dispersion to the environment, bringing a new discussion about the role of each symbiotic partner and the driver of bleaching and recovery. Since bleaching has been related to oxidative stress and photosynthesis is an oxidizing process, we evaluated the redox activity of the host as well as the antioxidant and restorative activity, induced by photosynthesis of the hosted algae. We found in the host a preventive mechanism to deal with the photosynthetic activity of the sheltered zooxanthella. On the other hand, loss of endosymbionts from bleaching may provide an opportunity for the host to be repopulated by other symbionts with different physiological capabilities. Thus, we found that there is an ideal clade exchange for the cold (clade F), and for the heat (clade E). However, some clades may not be available in the environment because they are thermosensitive in free-living form. We conclude that, within global climate change scenarios, the most beneficial for the animal and the alga is to maintain a mixed endopopulation and to exchange the predominant symbiotic population according to environmental conditions. In fact, we found that the studied holobiont is better prepared for high than low temperatures. On the other hand, considering that hydrogen peroxide is a derivative of sunscreens and at the same time is a precursor to bleaching, we investigated whether the bleaching of anemone Anemonia sulcata produced by exposure to hydrogen peroxide is a good model as an environmental bioindicator through color evaluation and physiological biomarkers. However, we discard A. sulcata as a bioindicator species because it presents a high tolerance to oxidative stress, probably provided by algae photosynthetic activity and because it is an intertidal species that supports large oxido-reduction intervals. Thus, the results obtained in the present study point to the relevance of Symbiodinium within holobiont physiology, both in the recovery of bleaching and in the establishment and rupture of symbiosis. Consequently, future studies may improve the identification techniques of the host clades to understand the eventual endopopulation succession according to the environmental conditions

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:36:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArquivototalWolgrand.pdf: 4230827 bytes, checksum: 441ef5a8a5b7d797a80650ca78d388ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Applications with multimedia content are becoming more popular, especially interactive and real-time applications. Among these applications stands multimedia systems for telemedicine that allows users to share information as surgical medical videos and patient data. This paper presents an approach to capture, represent and retrieve multimedia experiences in telemedicine. Therefore, a strategy that describes ways to store data, a notation for describing the multimedia experience and features that allow the retrieval and display of the experiences recorded was drafted. Furthermore, a service based on this strategy was implemented in the context of the Environment Video Collaboration in Health project (GTAVCS) and the Arthron tool. The Arthron tool allows management and distribution of media streams in real time and its main application is telemedicine allowing the transmission of live surgeries. The user experience when streaming live surgery involves multiple streams, their alternations, additional flows (such as exams or medical imaging), featuring a complex multimedia experience. The strategy presented in this paper is applied to precisely reproduce that experience, enabling their retrieval and viewing on demand. To validate the strategy, tests were conducted using the recording and retrieval service implementation for Arthron constructed to compare the users' perception about the experience in real time and experience reproduced by the tool. / Aplicações baseadas em vídeo estão cada vez mais populares. Elas estão disseminadas nos mais diversos campos: Telemedicina, espetáculos artístico-tecnológicos, eventos tecno-científicos, entretenimento, publicidade, dentre outros. Para algumas dessas aplicações a incorporação de ferramentas que permitam a gravação de fluxos de dados audiovisuais transmitidos em tempo real é de grande valia. O presente trabalho aborda o que chamamos de experiência multimídia que designa a recuperação da experiência de uso de um sistema voltado para Telemedicina que permite o controle de vários fluxos de dados simultâneos. Neste trabalho foi criada uma estratégia para gravação e recuperação dessa experiência.

Place-based biological conservation planning and recovery delineates “places” – spatial extents with favourable conditions for the recovery and management of multiple species simultaneously. Places represent geographic areas where constituent species are more likely to benefit from a specific set of recovery and management actions. Currently, place-based conservation planning is focused on prioritizing already-identified places. Findlay and McKee (2016) propose an approach to identify and delineate places by grouping geographical units based on species-at-risk (SAR) co-localization in (a) geographical, and (b) threat space. The following research is a practical application of the Findlay-McKee Methodology (FMM), using southern Ontario as a case study. I develop a parameterized algorithm to operationalize the design principles laid out in the FMM. I first define metrics to characterize the variation in SAR overlap and the degree to which sets of SAR share common threats. Next, I explore how the spatial extent of places (place size) changes as a function of tolerance for dissimilarity in both measures. The case study allowed me to evaluate the benefits and limitations of the FMM. I conclude that the FMM has the potential to be a defensible method for characterizing places based on SAR community overlap and inter-species threat similarity. However, the FMM’s applicability is limited by the availability of datasets at an appropriate resolution for analysis; uncertainty in selecting appropriate thresholds of tolerance for dissimilarity; and the criteria used to designate seed planning units. Given the increasing popularity of multi-species and ecosystem level recovery and conservation management, developing an efficient and effective process to guide place selection is crucially important. I recommend further research focus on empirically determining the number of places in a planning region and identifying at what tolerance thresholds places lose their ability to delineate areas where a comparatively small number of recovery actions will confer widespread benefits.

The thesis explores the influence of economic recession and recovery on strategy of courier, express and parcel service providers and on a change of the service portfolio. It then focuses on the development of the supply chain caused by increasing volume of small consignment. The thesis also analyzes the impact of the economic crisis on employment and turnover of selected service providers.

The proposal focuses on phasing scenario and identify how to treat the monument intact, but she fully exploit the current way. These phases are hierarchically established, without continuing into the next stage. Because the mill building to respond flexibly to the specific needs of communities. The concept is based on the gradual additive laminate and function. Layering and arise solely the premises, but also the interconnections, which between them generate more interaction. Each material has its own particular character and its own hierarchy towards other functional masses.

No description available.