This diploma work deals with durability of projects co-financed by the European Union. The term is explained and used in real project. First part is about the problem of regional politics of Czech Republic and shared regional politics of EU and ways of supports in which contains many different structural funds. The main goal of this part is focused on Regional operational program NUTS II Jihozápad, a grant applications from this program, requisites and feedback control, which is connected with durability. The second part is about real project named Reconstruction local communications Dražice. There is this conclusion: structural fund achieved the goal such is realisation of project which could not be proceed without this help. The insufficient of resources was the main reason for application. There are also many benefits arise from the project.

Em 1962 a Psicologia foi regulamentada como profissão pela Lei 4119, porém só em 1971 deferiu-se a Lei 5766 que criou os Conselhos Regionais e Federal de Psicologia (sendo que os regionais só foram instalados em 1974). Em 20/08/1973 o Ministro do Trabalho deu a carta sindical à Associação Profissional dos Psicólogos de São Paulo para transformar-se em Sindicato dos Psicólogos. Portanto, compreendemos que há longa história subjacente à constituição da Psicologia como profissão regulamentada no país, porém na pesquisa bibliográfica realizada, encontramos pouco registro que se refere à construção da Psicologia a partir de suas entidades. Dessa forma, visamos fazer uma reflexão sobre as práticas das entidades de classe da Psicologia de São Paulo durante o período da ditadura militar à redemocratização do país (1969-1986) por meio de pesquisa documental e depoimentos de ex-participantes. Constatamos diferenças nas práticas das entidades no período da ditadura militar (anos 60/70) e o da abertura política (a partir de 1979), quando grupos da "esquerda" assumiram as entidades. Notamos que as práticas eram reflexos da conjuntura política do país mediada pela concepção da função social da Psicologia onde, nos anos 70, as entidades defendiam a Psicologia como fim, enquanto profissão e, a partir dos anos 80, com a redemocratização do país, começou a se problematizar a função política da Psicologia na sociedade brasileira. Observamos que a entrada da "esquerda" nas entidades acompanhou o mesmo movimento de transição das sociedades disciplinares para as sociedades de controle. / In 1962, Psychology was regulated as a profession by the Law 4119, but only in 1971, did the Law 5766 create the Regionals and Federal Council of Psychology (the Regionals were open only in 1974). On August 20, 1973, the work minister gave the Union "letter" to the Psychologists' Professional Association of São Paulo in order to transform it into the Psychologists' Union. Thus, we understand that it has been a long history for the constitution of Psychology as a regulated profession in the country, but in the bibliography review, we have found few registers about the construction of Psychology from the view of its entities. Therefore, we intend to reflect about the practices of Psychology's class entities of São Paulo from the military dictatorship to the political overture in the country (1969-1986) through documental research and interviews with former participants. We found differences in the practices of the entities in the military dictatorship (the 1960s/1970s) and in the political overture (since 1979), when "left side" groups took over the entities. We noted that the practices were a reflex of the political conjuncture of the country mediated by the conception of the social function of Psychology, where, in the 1970s, the entities defended Psychology as a goals in itself, solely as a profession, and, since the 1980s, with the country redemocratization, they started to discuss about the political function of Psychology in Brazilian society. We could observe that the entry of the "left side" in the entities was accompanied by the same movement of transition from the disciplinary societies to the controlled societies.

Après une préparation très minutieuse, le Maroc propose à la communauté internationale un projet d'autonomie territorial afin de résoudre le conflit sur le Sahara dit occidental, un conflit qui dérange toute la région depuis maintenant 40 ans. Ce projet est un ensemble de propositions sérieuses que le Maroc offre au POLISARIO afin d'ouvrir des négociations dans le but d'arriver à une solution mutuellement acceptable, cette dernière sera incorporée dans la constitution afin de garantir davantage l'engagement du pouvoir central dans résolution de ce conflit.L'octroi d'une autonomie territoriale au Population sahraoui et à la région du Sahara risque de créer l'asymétrie autrement dit deux pays qui roulent à deux vitesses différentes, donc il est nécessaire de mettre en place la politique de régionalisation, une politique publique capable de garantir au Sahara au sud comme au régions du Nord, l'exercice d'une citoyenneté complète, la construction d'un Etat de droit démocratique, poursuivre le processus de consolidation et de renforcement des institutions d'un Etat moderne, ayant pour fondement les principes de participation, de pluralisme et de bonne gouvernance,une société solidaire où tous jouissent de la sécurité, de la liberté, de l'égalité des chances, ainsi que de la justice sociale. / After a very careful preparation, Morocco offers to the international communauty a bold project that is territorial autonomy to resolve the conflit over the western sahara said, a confli that distrubs the entire Maghreb region for forty years, A conflit between the reality in morocco and algeria through polisario front. Which cost very dear to both contries.The algeria that has no claim on the territory of the sahara still remains the creator, the treasurer and the designer of the polisario policy, the territorial autonomy project is a set of serious proposals that morocco offers the polisario to open negociations in order to reach a mutually acceptable solution, it will be incorporated in the constitution to further ensure the commitment of the central government in the resolution of this conflit. The international community has qualified this project '' serious and credible'' because it incarnates a promising initiative of a better futur for the inhabitants of the camps of tindouf.Garanting territorial autonomy to the population of the sahara could create asymetry ie two countries that work at two different speeds, so it is necessary to establish the regionalzation policy a public policy able to guarantees the sahara as in other region the exercise of citizenship complete building a democratic constitutional state, continue the consolidation process and institution building of a moderne state, having as its basis the principales of participation, pluralism and good governance caring society where all enjoy securitu of freedom, equal opportunity and social justice.

This diploma thesis focuses on the topic of financing of political parties and political movements in the Czech Republic, which is still neglected and insufficiently regulated in our country. In the practical part, the focus is on the financing and monitoring of the election campaigns for the regional council elections 2016. It primarily deals with the evaluation of the transparency of candidates and their campaigns. The election campaigns of the political movement ANO 2011 and the political party ČSSD are analyzed in detail in this thesis with an emphasis on the analysis of transparent accounts of the two candidates. The mandatory establishment of transparent accounts and expenditure ceilings for campaigns, in force since January 2017, are a very positive move towards a transparent political environment. Combined with control mechanisms and a system of sanctions, they form the basis for building a more transparent Czech political scene and they are the cause for further reforms and widening of rules in the system of political party and movement financing in the Czech Republic.

The presented dissertation dealed with the process of forming the goverments on the regional level. On the example of the Czech Republic it analysed forming of the executive coalitions in the regions - the upper regionally autonomous units. The text is focused on four electoral periods: 2000-2004, 2008-2008, 2008-2012 and after the elections in 2012. The endeavour of the dissertation was to answer the question which factors are important for constitution of the governments on the regional level and what particularities belong to this process in comparison with the national level. On the level of the national governance the forming process of the government is compiled relatively extensively, however on the regional level, respectively sub-national level, the application of the theoretical information is difficult and the rules are not the same . The theoretical part is described in details. During the analysis it is necessary to bear in mind the theory of the second order elections. The electors prefer various political parties than in the first order election. The theories of games and racional choice are the second level of the theoretical base. Because of these two it is possible to think about a payoff of the individual participants who gain their utility. The theory of coalitions is principal as it...