La greffe cardiaque est le traitement ultime de l’insuffisance cardiaque. Le rejet aigu pose plusieurs problématiques, en particulier sa survenue imprévisible même sous traitement immunosuppresseur, et un diagnostic histologique qui nécessite des biopsies endomyocardiques (BEM) invasives répétées, et qui souffre de nombreuses limites. Le besoin de critères diagnostiques et prédictifs, idéalement non invasifs, nous a conduits à étudier le rejet aigu de greffe cardiaque sur le plan moléculaire. Nous avons caractérisé les profils d’expression génique (PEG) myocardiques et sanguins lors de différentes phases du rejet cellulaire (RC) et du rejet médié par les anticorps (RMA), par analyse sans a priori des transcriptomes sur puce à ADN. Par une première étude des PEG myocardiques menée sur une collection historique de BEM, nous avons montré la modification des PEG tissulaires lors du RC. Pour le même grade histologique, deux profils de RC aux degrés d’activation immunitaire différents ont été identifiés. De plus, les PEG myocardiques étaient modifiés dès un mois avant la survenue d’un RC, quand l’analyse histologique ne montrait encore aucune anomalie. Par une seconde étude conduite sur une collection prospective de BEM et échantillons sanguins, nous avons confirmé les résultats de la première étude, et de plus montré l’existence de modulations des PEG également dans le sang périphérique, aussi bien pendant un épisode de RC qu’un mois avant. Enfin pour la première fois la modulation tissulaire et périphérique des PEG a été montrée dans le RMA en transplantation cardiaque. L’existence de voies modulées dans les deux types de rejet devrait conduire à la recherche de biomarqueurs. / Heart transplantation is the last treatment in case of terminal heart failure. Acute rejection after heart transplantation raises several issues due to its occurrence despite immunosuppressive therapies and the requirement of invasive and repeated endomyocardial biopsies (EMB) that have several histological grading limitations. The need of non-invasive diagnostic and predictive criteria led us to study the acute rejection of cardiac allograft using a molecular approach. We characterized myocardial and peripheral blood gene expression profiles (GEP) during acute cellular rejection (CR) and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) by mean of microarray analyses. By a retrospective study conducted on a historical EMB collection, we first showed a strong immunologic modulation during CR. For the same CR histological grading, two transcriptional profiles were identified according to the inflammation level. Moreover, myocardial GEP modifications were observed one month before the occurrence of CR, while histological characteristics showed no abnormality. A second study conducted on a prospective collection of both EMB and peripheral blood samples confirmed the results obtained on EMB and showed peripheral blood GEP modulations during both CR and even one month earlier. Finally, we have also shown for the first time in heart transplantation, myocardial and peripheral GEP modulations in AMR. Identification of modulated pathways in both types of rejection should allow for the determination of rejection biomarkers.

Building maps within an unknown environment while keeping track of the current position is a major step to accomplish safe and autonomous robot navigation. Within the last 20 years, Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) became a topic of great interest in robotics. The basic idea of this technique is to combine proprioceptive robot motion information with external environmental information to minimize global positioning errors. Because the robot is moving in its environment, exteroceptive data comes from different points of view and must be expressed in the same coordinate system to be combined. The latter process is called registration. Iterative Closest Point (ICP) is a registration algorithm with very good performances in several 3D model reconstruction applications, and was recently applied to SLAM. However, SLAM has specific needs in terms of real-time and robustness comparatively to 3D model reconstructions, leaving room for specialized robotic mapping optimizations in relation to robot mapping. After reviewing existing SLAM approaches, this thesis introduces a new registration variant called Kd-ICP. This referencing technique iteratively decreases the error between misaligned point clouds without extracting specific environmental features. Results demonstrate that the new rejection technique used to achieve mapping registration is more robust to large initial positioning errors. Experiments with simulated and real environments suggest that Kd-ICP is more robust compared to other ICP variants. Moreover, the Kd-ICP is fast enough for real-time applications and is able to deal with sensor occlusions and partially overlapping maps. Realizing fast and robust local map registrations opens the door to new opportunities in SLAM. It becomes feasible to minimize the cumulation of robot positioning errors, to fuse local environmental information, to reduce memory usage when the robot is revisiting the same location. It is also possible to evaluate network constrains needed to minimize global mapping errors.

This is a study of parenting and child development in a slum area in a developing part of the world. The aims of the study were threefold. The first aim was to explore the physical and social contexts for parenting in a shantytown in Rio de Janeiro using an ecological perspective. The second aim was to examine parenting and subsequent child outcomes among a sample of families living in the shantytown. The third aim was to explore what factors contribute to differences among parents in how they nurture and protect their children. The theoretical framework of the study was an updated version of Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model of human development. Using self-report questionnaires developed by Rohner, data on perceived parental acceptance–rejection were collected from 72 families with adolescents 12–14 years old, representing approx. 75% of all households with children in this age group in the shantytown. Besides self-report questionnaires, each adolescent’s main caregiver replied to several standardized questionnaires developed by Garbarino et al., eliciting demographic and social-situational data about the family, neighborhood, and wider community. The results of the study paint a complex portrait of the social living conditions of the parents and children. Despite many difficulties, most parents seemed to raise their children with loving care. The results from the self-report questionnaires indicate that the majority of the adolescents perceived substantial parental acceptance. The adolescents’ experience of greater or lesser parental acceptance–rejection seems to influence their emotional and behavioral functioning; it also seems to be related to their school attendance. Much of the variation in degree of perceived acceptance–rejection seems to be related both to characteristics of the individual adolescents and their main caregiver(s) and to influences from the social and environmental context in which they and their caregivers interact and live their lives.

Background: Current psychological theories of persecutory delusions appear limited in being able to explain their interpersonal nature. Unanswered questions include why the content of delusions mostly involves persecution by other people. Research into rejection including rejection sensitivity may provide a rational for delusion personalisation and also may indicate how rejection may be implicated in the maintenance of delusions. The aim of this study was to investigate responses to rejection for individuals with a psychosis that includes persecutory delusions compared with controls. Methodology: Participants (22 with psychosis with persecutory delusions, 18 with an anxiety disorder and 19 healthy individuals) played a computerised game of catch (Cyberball). Half of each group was either included or excluded, inducing a mood change in those rejected. Questionnaires were completed to measure mood change, indicating rejection sensitivity. A second task was completed enabling participants to react either antisocially or neutrally towards the game characters. Measures of psychological and demographic variables were also collected. Results: There was a large effect between the excluded and included participants. There was a null finding for the hypothesis that the psychotic group would have higher levels of rejection sensitivity than the anxious and healthy groups. There was also a null finding for the hypothesis that the psychosis group will be more likely to respond antisocially after rejection and make more negative attributions about the game character’s personalities. However, there was a trend for a the psychotic group to be more antisocial after inclusion. Conclusions: The results obtained in the study were contrary to those expected. Rejection appears to be a similarly negative experience for all participants, but differences may be observed behavioural responses with those with psychosis appearing ambivalent to inclusion or exclusion.

In this thesis, I investigate my professional practice as an independent health adviser in the UK National Health Service. Inclusion and exclusion, power, innovation and rejection in nursing are themes that have emerged from my work within a milieu where the dominant discourse is systems thinking. I have analysed why systems thinking predominates in UK healthcare services, and examine the benefits and limitations of this approach. Similarly, I have studied complex responsive processes theory and assessed the value and drawbacks of this way of thinking. A key focus of this research has been to consider how innovation occurs in organisations. NHS policymakers include examples of good practice in a number of recent policy documents and encourage staff to emulate these examples to improve their services. This overlooks the unique setting in which staff work, and disregards their collective working styles and roles. Power relationships, local ideological perspectives, histories and pertinent environmental factors all render the adoption of established blueprints inadvisable. Nor do such policy documents consider potential unintended consequences of the innovation: for example, reducing the waiting times to access treatment in one area can have a detrimental effect on other services. Using narrative accounts from my professional practice, I critically evaluate the concepts of power, innovation and systems thinking. I draw attention to a number of particular dissonances that I consider many nurses and health care workers to be experiencing as rejection within their work-based relationships. These challenges include a fear of job loss, the difficulty of managing national targets and local service delivery, a loss of consumer confidence in clinicians, the pressures of increased regulation, and tensions between clinical and managerial staff. These concerns led me to examine the nature of the employer–employee relationship. The psychological contract is a way of describing the relationship between employers and employees in terms of optimistic reciprocal agreements and expectations. These positive assumptions tend to underplay or overlook the unpredictability of organisational life, such as financial constraints that might threaten job security. When disruption arises, employees may feel wary of their managers and distressed that their psychological contract has been violated. I argue that trust is a concept requiring continual renegotiation through the ongoing patterning of relationships that emerge through the conversations between people as employees participate in the organisation’s development. My thesis departs from the traditional view of positing the psychological contract as a central feature of employment. Instead, I propose that the complex responsive processes perspective offers a legitimate and useful way of deepening our understanding of employer–employee relations. I have used a reflexive research method, challenging Alvesson and Skoldberg’s (2000, p.250) reflexive interpretation framework for its individualistic approach. I demonstrate that my method is social and iterative, and extend the framework in order to illustrate the way in which I developed my reflexive approach. This framework presents a way of demonstrating the movement of interpretation based on the researchers’ judgment and intuition that guides the research process (Alvesson and Skoldberg, 2000). My original contribution to practice offers a different way of looking at healthcare organisations from that proposed by many healthcare consultants. I engage with staff to analyse their day-to-day relationships by reflecting on their micro-interactions with colleagues as we try to make sense of what is happening in their departments. I introduce the notion of interdependence, and encourage clients to engage in dialogue and seek to influence what occurs through their relationships with their colleagues. There is no blueprint for success: rather than focusing on supposed ‘organisational systems’, we concentrate on what is actually happening in their ongoing work elationships.

Varje år genomförs omkring 700 organtransplantationer i Sverige. Patienter som genomgått en organtransplantation har en ständig risk för avstötning. Avstötning innebär att det transplanterade organet stöts bort och slutar fungera på grund av kroppens immunförsvar. Oavsett var transplantationen utförs så följs patienterna upp på sin hemort. Därför är det av stor vikt att som sjuksköterska inneha kunskaper om patienters upplevelser om avstötning. Syftet med litteraturstudien var därför att beskriva patienters upplevelser om avstötning efter en organtransplantation. För att uppnå syftet med studien utfördes en litteraturstudie, där fyra kategorier framstod i resultatet: Det ständiga hotet, En oönskad livssituation, Fångad i behandlingsregimen och Att finna styrka i vardagen. Avstötning är en upplevelse av ett ständigt hot som även kan medföra att patienter upplever ett emotionellt trauma. Patienterna känner sig tvungna att följa den utvalda behandlingsregimen för att undvika en avstötning. Efter en upplevd avstötning behöver patienterna använda sig av olika strategier för att kunna hantera vardagen. Ytterligare forskning om ämnet behövs för att kunna möta denna patientgrupps vårdbehov. / Each year about 700 organ transplants are performed in Sweden. Patients who have had an organ transplant are at constant risk of graft rejection. Graft rejection means that the transplanted organ is rejected and stops functioning because of the body’s immune system. Regardless of where the transplant is performed the patients are followed up at their domicile. Therefore it is of great importance that the nurse has knowledge about patients’ experiences in conjunction with graft rejection. The purpose of this study was to describe patients' experiences of graft rejection after organ transplantation. To achieve the purpose of this study a literature review was conducted, in which four categories emerged in the results: The constant threat, An undesirable situation in life, Caught in the treatment regimen, and To find strength in everyday life. Rejection is an experience of a constant threat that may cause patients to experience an emotional trauma. Patients feel obliged to follow the chosen treatment regimen to prevent rejection. After an experienced rejection, patients need to use different strategies to cope with everyday life. Further research on the topic is needed to meet the care needs of this patient group.

Tsang Kam Sze, Kent. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-174). / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.v / List of Abbreviations --- p.viii / Table of Contents --- p.x / List of Figures --- p.xvi / List of Tables --- p.ixx / Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Idiotype Network --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2. --- Anti-idiotype Classification --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3. --- Blood Transfusion Effect --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4. --- Transfusion Protocol --- p.12 / Chapter 1.5. --- Mechanism of Beneficial Transfusion Effect --- p.15 / Chapter 1.5.1. --- Donor Selection --- p.15 / Chapter 1.5.2. --- Clonal Deletion --- p.16 / Chapter 1.5.3. --- Suppressor Cells Induction --- p.18 / Chapter 1.5.4. --- Prostaglandins Mediation --- p.19 / Chapter 1.5.5. --- Mixed Chimerism Motivation --- p.20 / Chapter 1.5.6. --- Fc-receptor Blocking Antibodies Stimulation --- p.22 / Chapter 1.5.7. --- Anti-idiotypic Antibodies Instigation --- p.23 / Chapter 1.6. --- Study Aims --- p.25 / Chapter 1.7. --- Technical Strategy --- p.26 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Materials and Methods --- p.30 / Chapter 2.1. --- Materials --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1.1. --- Patient Population --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1.2. --- Normal Control Group --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1.3. --- Serum Samples --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.4. --- Additional Specimens --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.5. --- Chemicals --- p.32 / Chapter 2.1.6. --- Antisera --- p.34 / Chapter 2.1.7. --- Buffers --- p.35 / Chapter 2.1.8. --- Consumables --- p.38 / Chapter 2.1.9. --- Apparatus and Equipment --- p.39 / Chapter 2.2. --- Methods --- p.40 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Purification of Human Polyclonal Anti-HLA Antisera --- p.40 / Chapter 2.2.1.1. --- Affinity Chromatography --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.1.2. --- Dialysis --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.1.3. --- Concentration --- p.42 / Chapter 2.2.1.4. --- Quantitation --- p.42 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Generation of F(ab')2 fragments from the Purified Human Anti-HLA Antibodies --- p.42 / Chapter 2.2.2.1. --- Buffer Exchange --- p.43 / Chapter 2.2.2.2. --- Pepsin Digestion --- p.43 / Chapter 2.2.2.3. --- Purification of (ab')2、 --- p.43 / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for anti-Idiotypes against anti-HLA antibodies --- p.44 / Chapter 2.2.3.1. --- Optimization --- p.44 / Chapter 2.2.3.2. --- Quality Control --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.3.2.1. --- F(ab')2 Specificity --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.3.2.2. --- Fc Contamination --- p.46 / Chapter 2.2.3.2.3. --- Precision Test --- p.47 / Chapter 2.2.4. --- Anti-Casein Interference --- p.47 / Chapter 2.2.5. --- Test Protocol --- p.48 / Chapter 2.3. --- Statistical Analysis --- p.48 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Purification of Anti-HLA IgG and F(ab')2 --- p.50 / Chapter 3.1. --- Immunoglobulin Concentration --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2. --- F(ab')2 Specificity --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3. --- Fc-fragments Contamination --- p.53 / Chapter 3.4. --- Discussion --- p.56 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- ELISA Optimization --- p.57 / Chapter 4.1. --- Coating F(ab')2 Quantitation --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2. --- Blocking and Diluting Agent Concentration --- p.61 / Chapter 4.3. --- Serum Analyte Dilution --- p.61 / Chapter 4.4. --- Conjugated Detector Antibody Titration --- p.64 / Chapter 4.5. --- Discussion --- p.66 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- Quality Control --- p.70 / Chapter 5.1. --- Avoidance of Prozone Phenomenon --- p.71 / Chapter 5.2. --- Inter-assay and Intra-assay Precision --- p.71 / Chapter 5.3. --- Discussion --- p.74 / Chapter Chapter 6. --- Adjustment of Anti-casein Interference --- p.77 / Chapter 6.1. --- Casein Allergy --- p.78 / Chapter 6.2. --- Prevalence of Anti-casein --- p.80 / Chapter 6.3. --- Discussion --- p.81 / Chapter Chapter 7. --- Prevalence of Anti-idiotypic Antibodies --- p.86 / Chapter 7.1. --- Formation Kinetics --- p.87 / Chapter 7.2. --- Occurrence in Transplant Patients --- p.87 / Chapter 7.3. --- Transfusion Effect --- p.101 / Chapter 7.3.1. --- Comparison between Transfused Transplant Patients and Normal Controls --- p.103 / Chapter 7.3.2. --- Comparison between Transfused Transplant Patients and Non-transfused Transplant Patients --- p.116 / Chapter 7.3.3. --- Association with Graft Survival --- p.117 / Chapter 7.4. --- Discussion --- p.128 / Chapter Chapter 8. --- Correlation of Transfusion with the Outcome of Transplant --- p.137 / Chapter 8.1. --- Rejection Episode --- p.138 / Chapter 8.2. --- Graft Survival --- p.139 / Chapter 8.3. --- Discussion --- p.142 / Chapter Chapter 9. --- General Conclusions --- p.149 / References --- p.153

Gaining acceptance and avoiding rejection is arguably one the most fundamental and challenging relational tasks that we face. Given the importance of close relationships, an especially serious threat is rejection, real or imagined, by significant others. Considerable research supports the idea that prolonged exposure to harsh rejection can have deleterious effects on one's physical and emotional wellbeing (Baumeister & Leary, 1995; see Dickerson & Kemeny 2004, for a full review). Research also suggests that early experiences with rejection can result in a bias to anxiously expect and readily perceive rejection in other's behavior - a disposition known to derail interpersonal relationships. This phenomenon is known as Rejection Sensitivity (RS; Feldman & Downey, 1994; Downey & Feldman, 1996). There have been important advances in understanding psychological and physiological responses to interpersonal rejection (e.g., Downey & Feldman, 1996; Downey, Mougios, Ayduk, London, & Shoda, 2004; Dickerson & Kemney, 2004; Romero-Canyas & Downey, 2005; Powers, Pietromonaco, Gunlicks, Sayer, 2006; Richman & Leary, 2009). However, relatively less is known about patterns of attentional processes underlying reactions to rejection cues and events, as well as the extent to which RS impacts learning and memory. These unanswered questions are of critical importance as theory and research suggests that information-processing biases may provide an explanation for the maintenance of RS and disorders like social phobia and anxiety that share many of the characteristics of rejection sensitive individuals (See Bar Haim et al., 2007 for a meta-analytic review). Study 1 uses a well-established attentional control paradigm (Attentional Network Task - ANT; Fan et al., 2002) to assess the relationship between RS and basic attentional mechanisms for alerting, orienting, and executive control. Results from study 1 suggest that RS is not associated with the functioning of attentional networks important for alerting, orienting, and executive control, raising the possibility that RS operates as a distinct system that interacts with attentional networks to influence attention deployment in the presence of social threat cues. This hypothesis is tested in study 2. Study 2 uses a selective attention paradigm that measures eye movements during a visual probe task (e.g., MacLeod, Mathews, & Tata, 1986) in order to assess patterns of attention deployment to socially threatening stimuli in RS individuals. Study 2 also tests the attenuating effects of executive control on processing of social threat cues in RS individuals. The latter part of study 2 is designed to address important theoretical and empirical questions about the ability of attentional control to attenuate maladaptive information processing biases in RS individuals. Results suggest that RS is associated with initial vigilance and later avoidance for social threat cues but, as predicted, vigilance for social threat cues is attenuated by high executive control. That is, having good executive control (as measured by self-report and behavioral measures - the ANT) can help to reduce the extent to which social threat cues capture and hold the attention of RS individuals. Study 3 was designed to answer the question of how the tendency of RS individuals to detect and react to social threat cues can affect more overt forms of learning and memory (i.e., declarative memories). In order to address this question, study 3 used an incidental-learning paradigm where participants answered general knowledge questions (What is the capital of Delaware?) followed by immediate performance accuracy (correct vs. incorrect) and the correct answer (Dover). Initially incorrect items were retested 24 to 48 hours later to determine if the correct answer had been successfully encoded. Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were used to measure neural responses to performance feedback (correct vs. incorrect at first test) and learning feedback (the correct answer) to assess whether (1) RS is associated with greater sensitivity to performance feedback in general or specifically for social performance feedback, (2) whether these reactions mediate successful learning (i.e., retrieval of corrective feedback), and (3) whether there are gender differences in how RS operates in an evaluative context, which would provide an explanation, based on neural mechanisms, to previously found differences in which RS females seem to be more vulnerable to reduced achievement in competitive academic settings (London et al., 2013). Overall, behavioral results suggest that individuals were able to encode and retrieve corrective information after receiving social (face) performance feedback at the same rate as they were after receiving non-social (symbol) performance feedback, suggesting that contextualizing performance feedback within the social domain did not generally enhance or impair learning and memory. However, within females, higher RS scores were associated with poorer retrieval in the social performance feedback condition suggesting that RS moderates the effect of social performance feedback on retrieval in females but not in males. To better understand the mechanisms underlying these behavioral effects we examined the following ERP waveforms associated with processing of social and non-social performance feedback: the frontally-maximal feedback related negativity (FRN), the frontally-maximal orienting effect (P3a), and a centrally-maximal late positive potential (LPP). Respectively, these components have been shown to reflect more automatic processing of feedback valence, orienting responses to rare events, and sustained attention to motivationally relevant information. Finally, ERP waveforms associated with processing of the corrective feedback were also analyzed. Consistent with previous research, the FRN was enhanced in response to performance feedback indicating that an incorrect response had been made while the P3a and LPP were enhanced in response to performance feedback indicating that a correct response, a rarer outcome in this challenging task, had been made. There were no gender differences in the overall amplitude of the FRN, P3a or LPP. However, within females, RS was associated with a smaller FRN amplitude in the social performance feedback condition. Analyses were also conducted on the relationship between these ERPs, encoding of the corrective feedback (i.e., seeing the correct answer on the screen), and subsequent memory (i.e., correctly answering the question at retest). Although the P3a and the LPP were not associated with encoding of the corrective feedback or subsequent memory, the FRN positively predicted greater processing of the corrective feedback and subsequent memory in the social feedback condition. However, within females, the FRN negatively predicted encoding of the corrective feedback and subsequent memory only in the social condition. Finally, a mediation analysis was used to further understand the process by which neural responses to the performance feedback might affect processing of the corrective feedback and subsequent memory overall and perhaps differently for RS females and males. Results suggest that social performance feedback reduces retrieval success in RS females by reducing the level of engagement with corrective feedback, ultimately resulting in poorer encoding into long-term memory. This knowledge could help expand our understanding of how rejection cues may disrupt, by triggering maladaptive strategies, the attention deployment of individuals who are especially sensitive to social threat whether for personal reasons (e.g., a history of experience with harsh rejection from caregivers) or because of membership in a marginalized social group (e.g., women in law or STEM fields). In doing so, this research could identify important avenues for interventions that work to enhance interpersonal functioning in RS individuals by training them to use self regulatory strategies that reduce attentional biases and augment information processing (i.e., learning and memory).

A atenÃÃo integral proposta pela EstratÃgia SaÃde da FamÃlia contempla uma reorientaÃÃo do modelo assistencial, superando o antigo mÃtodo centrado na doenÃa. Por essa abordagem peculiar, os trabalhadores da saÃde podem ter uma visÃo inovadora, tanto centrada na pessoa, como focada no contexto amplo da famÃlia, com novos modos de cuidar. Este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver uma tecnologia leve aplicada a gestantes vulnerÃveis à rejeiÃÃo da gravidez e concepto, buscando fortalecer o vÃnculo mÃe-filho-mundo. Tratou-se de uma abordagem norteada pela pesquisa-cuidado, cujo propÃsito foi beneficiar as participantes pelas diferentes formas de cuidar. A coleta de dados ocorreu pela aplicaÃÃo de formulÃrios, recursos de filmagem e gravaÃÃo de cinco sessÃes grupais, captando a essÃncia do fenÃmeno da rejeiÃÃo, tanto nas falas, como na linguagem corporal das participantes. Alguns resultados quantitativos foram apresentados em grÃficos e tabelas construÃdos a partir dos programas Excel e World versÃo 2010. A anÃlise desses dados delineou o perfil sociodemogrÃfico que vulnerabilizava o contexto da maternagem entre as participantes. Os dados qualitativos foram avaliados e confrontados pela abordagem fenomenolÃgica de Moustakas, a qual se adequou a esta pesquisa por ser mais focada na descriÃÃo das experiÃncias das participantes. A anÃlise revelou que um ambiente, no qual predominam a violÃncia intrafamiliar, a ausÃncia do parceiro, a dependÃncia econÃmica materna, carÃncias de uma mÃe suficientemente boa, memÃrias punitivas dessa mÃe e o nÃo planejamento da gravidez, percebida como sem sentido, influencia diretamente na negaÃÃo da maternidade, constituindo-se um entrave na relaÃÃo harmÃnica mÃe-filho-mundo. Tais fatores podem ser reproduzidos em um mecanismo de rejeiÃÃo, transmitido a cada geraÃÃo familiar. Subjetivamente, foram relatados sentimentos de medo, inseguranÃa, impotÃncia, mÃgoa, vergonha e negaÃÃo na construÃÃo da descriÃÃo estrutural deste estudo. Durante a aplicaÃÃo da pesquisa-cuidado, verificou-se a relevÃncia do cuidado na abordagem de grupo, como proposta de desconstruir o fenÃmeno da rejeiÃÃo. Propiciou-se, assim, um resgate aos princÃpios da maternagem, transcrito nas falas e observado nas imagens por meio de sete unidades de significado, inicialmente caracterizadas pela mÃgoa, desprezo, rejeiÃÃo, aborto e ambivalÃncia de sentimentos, reestruturadas pela resiliÃncia e finalizadas pela aceitaÃÃo. Por fim, à extremamente relevante se promover uma assistÃncia eficaz Ãs gestantes mais vulnerÃveis à rejeiÃÃo e instituir grupos como suporte nos eixos da saÃde mental e cuidado.

Prior research has found a connection between dispositional factors such as rejection sensitivity and introversion and online dating behaviors including likelihood of use (Blackhart et al., 2014) and experience of use (Finkel et al., 2012; Whitty, 2008). The present study expands upon prior research to examine the relationship between these dispositional factors, and the impact of the possibility of explicit rejection on self-disclosure in participant-created dating app profiles. Adults between the ages of 18 and 60 will be introduced to an online dating app manipulated to contain either high or low potential for obvious rejection. Participants will then be asked to create a personal online profile. Participant perceptions of their own self-disclosure in the self-created profile as well as their disposition (introversion and rejection sensitivity) will be measured. It is hypothesized that rejection sensitive individuals as well as those rating lower in extraversion will report higher levels of self-disclosure in a non-explicit rejection dating app setting in comparison to an explicit rejection setting. The present research has implications for the field’s understanding of the experience of online dating app use for individuals as related to varying dispositional factors.