Au croisement de la sociologie des mobilisations, de la sociologie des migrations et des études genre, cette thèse vise à saisir la réalisation des rapports de domination dans l’action collective des migrant.e.s brésilien.ne.s au Japon dans les années 2000. Au delà des catégorisations ethnoraciales (descendant.e / non descendant.e de Japonais) et classées (ouvrier.ère / indépendant.e), généralement utilisées pour décrire ce fait migratoire, les catégories de sexe contribuent aussi à le caractériser. Dans la perspective de l’intersectionnalité, la thèse s’appuie sur l’ethnographie multisituée pour appréhender la réalisation des rapports sociaux de sexe, de race et de classe. Ceux-ci s’actualisent dans des pratiques circonscrites mais aussi dans des contextes variés où l’intersectionnalité se révèle d’autant mieux que les rapports de pouvoir peuvent changer, s’inverser, « s’invisibiliser ». Pour ce faire, trois espaces de mobilisation ont été explorés : des écoles brésiliennes, des syndicats et des associations locales. Des observations in situ étalées entre 2006 et 2011 ont été complétées par quatre-vingt-dix entretiens semi-directifs en portugais et en japonais avec des familles migrantes, les migrant.e.s mobilisé.e.s, les leaderships et leurs soutiens extérieurs. En examinant leurs interactions, l’enquête multisituée montre que la réalisation des rapports de domination s’appréhende à partir de trois échelles d’analyse : nationale (les contextes japonais et brésilien), sectorielle (syndical, éducatif et associatif) et situationnelle (les dynamiques des organisations dans chaque secteur). De cette façon, la thèse fait ressortir les nouvelles frontières de la société japonaise et les reconfigurations de l’imaginaire national brésilien selon les sites de l’enquête. / At the intersection of the sociology of mobilization, the sociology of migration and the gender studies, this thesis aims at capturing the accomplishment of relations of domination in the collective actions of Brazilian migrants in Japan in the 2000s. Beyond ethnoracial (descendants / non descendants of Japanese people) and class-based (unskilled workers / self-employed) categorizations, generally used to describe this migration, the social relations of sex also help to categorize the phenomenon. In the wake of the theory of intersectionality, this thesis – based on a multisited ethnography – analyzes the production of social relations of sex, race and class. These can be observed in specific practices but also in a variety of contexts where intersectionality becomes all the more noticeable as the relations of power may change, interchangeable and « invisible ». To do so, three spaces of mobilization have been explored : Brazilian schools, workers’ unions and grassroots organizations. In situ observations were conducted from 2006 to 2011 and ninety semi-structured interviews were led in Japanese and Portuguese with migrant families, members and leaderships of the groups, and their external supporters. The multisited field study shows that the accomplishment of the relations of domination can be captured by focusing on three scales of analysis : national (Brazilian and Japanese contexts), sector-based (education, unionism and voluntary sector), situational (organizational dynamics in each sector). In this way, the thesis highlights the new boundaries of Japanese society and the reconfigurations of an imagined Brazilian community depending on the sites studied.

Consacrée à l’étude de rapports sociaux qui se nouent autour de la chasse, cette thèse se veut une contribution à une sociologie des modes de vie qui, prenant en charge l’inscription spatiale du social, permet de donner concrètement à voir la dimension relationnelle de la construction des classes sociales. La constitution des mondes de la chasse à l’échelle nationale est d’abord retracée et mise en perspective aux plans historique et socio-démographique. L’attention est en particulier orientée vers les transformations des conditions de la chasse en lien avec les évolutions récentes des espaces ruraux et périurbains. Les deuxième et troisième parties de la thèse se fondent principalement sur l’analyse de matériaux recueillis, selon des méthodes de type ethnographique, sur deux espaces contrastés : le Germanois (Côte-d’Or) et les environs bellifontains (Seine-et-Marne). Sur chaque terrain, différents groupements cynégétiques ont été observés : sociétés communales de chasse, groupes de chasse à tir privés, équipages de chasse à courre. Les manières dont leurs adhérents, qui appartiennent à des classes et des fractions de classes diverses, embrassent les enjeux auxquels ils sont confrontés – au premier rang desquels la dégradation de l’image de la chasse et l’environnementalisation de sa pratique – sont restituées. L’analyse se resserre ensuite autour des modalités organisationnelles et des logiques d’investissement dans la chasse privilégiées par les représentants de certaines fractions de classes ; celles-ci permettent de rendre compte des significations de leur engagement et de les réinscrire dans les styles de vie qui sont les leurs. / This thesis, studying the social relationships linked to hunting, is contributing to a sociology of the lifestyles that shows how social relationships are linked to space, and how social classes are built through interactions. The first part recounts the constitution of the different hunting worlds on a national level, using historical and socio-demographical perspectives. Special attention is laid on the transformation of the conditions of hunting due to recent evolution of the rural and periurban spaces. The second and third parts are mainly based upon the analysis of data, which were collected using ethnographical methods on two contrasted spaces: the Germanois (Côte-d'Or) and around Bellifontain (Seine-et-Marne). On each field, different hunting groups have been observed: district (“commune”) shooting groups, private shooting groups, hunting with hounds crews. The members of these groups belong to different classes and fractions of these classes. This thesis studies the differentiated ways they cope with what is nowadays at stake in their activity, essentially the deterioration of the image of hunting and the “environmentalization” of their practices. The analysis focuses then on how some of them, representing different social classes and fractions of classes, organize and involve themselves into hunting. It allows to present the meanings of their commitment in keeping with their lifestyles.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:21:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Henrique Garbellini Carnio.pdf: 680239 bytes, checksum: 331c861ccba2eee23e302be635eb4596 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present thesis aims to address the relationship between law and power in its relationship with politics and violence. The work claims to demonstrate that the problematization propose reveals a zone of indeterminacy between the intricacies of law and politics. With this, the thesis intends to lay the foundations for an introduction to a theory of politic-law, in other words, to propose the basis of a legal-politic theory that contributes in a emphatic and in critical way in the discussion of the current legal problems, in particular, the characteristics situations that show a use of law as manipulative governance force that causes disorientation of life itself and reveals a dimension in which the law and institutions who use it turn against themselves generating a profound trivialization of the concepts of legality and legitimacy. The proposal has a genealogical investigative method that understands, in a relational way relationally, law and politics as typically human phenomena that are rooted in deeper dimensions of man from primitive communities and in a emblematically form nowadays / A presente tese objetiva abordar o problema da relação entre direito e poder em sua articulação com a política e a violência. Há no trabalho a pretensão de demonstrar que a problemática instaurada revela atualmente uma zona de indeterminação entre os meandros do direito e da política. Com isso, pretendese lançar as bases de uma introdução à teoria política do direito, ou seja, de propor as bases de uma teoria político-jurídica que contribua de maneira enfática e crítica na discussão dos atuais problemas jurídicos, em especial, das características situações que evidenciam um uso do direito enquanto força manipuladora de governabilidade que ocasiona desorientação da própria vida e revela uma dimensão em que o direito e as instituições que dele se utilizam voltam-se contra si mesmas gerando uma profunda banalização das noções de legalidade e legitimidade. A proposta tem um mote investigativo genealógico que entende, de modo relacional, o direito e a política enquanto fenômenos tipicamente humanos que encontram-se enraizados nas dimensões mais profundas do homem, desde as comunidades primitivas e de forma emblemática nos dias atuais

The study sought to uncover the constitution of migrant women's agency as they rebuild their lives in Australia, and to explore how contact with any publicly funded services might influence the capacity to be self determining subjects. The thesis used a framework of lifeworld theories (Bourdieu, Schutz, Giddens), materialist, trans-national feminist and post colonial writings, and a methodological approach based on critical hermeneutics (Ricoeur), feminist standpoint and decolonising theories. Thirty in depth interviews were carried out with 6 women migrating from each of 5 regions: Vietnam, Lebanon, the Horn of Africa, the former Soviet Union and the Philippines. Australian based immigration literature constituted the third corner of triangulation. The interviews were carried out through an exploration of themes format, eliciting data about the different ontological and epistemological assumptions of the cultures of origin. The findings revealed not only the women's remarkable tenacity and resilience as creative agents, but also the indispensability of Australia's publicly funded infrastructure or welfare state. The women were mostly privileged in terms of class, education and affirming relationships with males. Nevertheless, their self determination depended on contact with universal public policies, programs and with local community services. The welfare state seems to be modernity's means for re-establishing human connectedness that is the crux of the human condition. Connecting with fellow Australians in friendships and neighbourliness was also important in resettlement. Conclusions include a policy discussion in agreement with Australian and international scholars proposing that there is no alternative but for governments to invest in a welfare state for the civil societies and knowledge based economies of the 21st Century.