Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / A literatura contemporânea e o cinema no Brasil tangenciam-se de tal modo que é necessário haver estudos que analisem essas trocas. A partir dessa relação, a tese buscou discutir questões que explicam a aproximação das duas linguagens o cinema e a literatura na contemporaneidade. Um tema que permeia tanto o campo do cinema quanto o da literatura é a figuração da realidade e a discussão sobre a eficiência dos meios de representação e as implicações técnicas e estéticas de seus usos. O debate presente neste estudo levou em conta, também, as questões políticas e éticas que envolvem as produções recentes cujo foco é a representação da realidade / The contemporary literature and the cinema in Brazil present a tangent line which shows the need to develop studies that analyze these swaps. From this relation on, the thesis has searched to discuss matters that explain the approximate between the two languages cinema and literature in the contemporaneity. An issue that permeates as much the cinema field as in literature is the figuration of reality and the discussion on the effective of the means of representation and the technical and aesthetic implications of their use. The present debate has also taken into account the political and ethical matters that turn around the recent productions whose focus is the representation of reality

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / A literatura contemporânea e o cinema no Brasil tangenciam-se de tal modo que é necessário haver estudos que analisem essas trocas. A partir dessa relação, a tese buscou discutir questões que explicam a aproximação das duas linguagens o cinema e a literatura na contemporaneidade. Um tema que permeia tanto o campo do cinema quanto o da literatura é a figuração da realidade e a discussão sobre a eficiência dos meios de representação e as implicações técnicas e estéticas de seus usos. O debate presente neste estudo levou em conta, também, as questões políticas e éticas que envolvem as produções recentes cujo foco é a representação da realidade / The contemporary literature and the cinema in Brazil present a tangent line which shows the need to develop studies that analyze these swaps. From this relation on, the thesis has searched to discuss matters that explain the approximate between the two languages cinema and literature in the contemporaneity. An issue that permeates as much the cinema field as in literature is the figuration of reality and the discussion on the effective of the means of representation and the technical and aesthetic implications of their use. The present debate has also taken into account the political and ethical matters that turn around the recent productions whose focus is the representation of reality

As estatísticas estão presentes em todos os campos do conhecimento humano, fazem parte de nosso cotidiano e influenciam nossa capacidade de posicionamento frente à realidade, tornando factíveis, por meio de quantificações, noções de sentido muitas vezes abstratas. As pesquisas, quando publicadas na imprensa escrita, tornam-se instrumentos incontestáveis de análise de fatos econômicos, sociais, políticos e de opinião. Procura-se investigar neste trabalho a implicação desse fator para a formação de nossa noção de realidade e suas decorrências para a escrita da História. O objetivo é analisar em que circunstâncias ocorreram o aumento na publicação de pesquisas entre os anos de 1985 e 2000. O objeto de estudo é a divulgação da Pesquisa de Emprego e Desemprego da Fundação SEADE/DIEESE em dois jornais paulistanos. A hipótese central é a de que o jornalismo impresso diário passou, durante o período considerado, por mudanças contínuas nas quais o uso das pesquisas e assertivas numéricas atuou em legitimação das transformações de cunho liberal ocorridas na política e na economia mundial, tornando as informações mais racionais e mais compreensíveis para o leitor. As principais questões teóricas tratam de transpor a noção de habitus em Pierre Bourdieu para a função das estatísticas como uma forma de controle das transformações nas sociedades contemporâneas e como normalização útil ao exercício do poder conforme alguns dos conceitos presentes na obra de Michel Foucault. / Statistics are present in every single field of human knowledge, they are a part of our everyday lives and they influence our capacity of taking a stand for reality, making practicable, through a series of quantifications, notions of sense which are often abstract. When published, researches become undisputable tools of analysis of economical, social, and political facts, as well as facts of opinion. In this work we intend to investigate the implications of this factor regarding to the formation of our notion of reality and its consquencies in the writing of History. Our main purpose is to analyse the circumstancies in which occurred the increase of the publication of researches between 1985 and 2000. The object of study is the divulgation of Research of Employment and Unemployment, a document by Fundação SEADE/DIEESE in two newspapers of the city of São Paulo. The pivotal hypothesis is that the daily printed journalism has passed, during the period here considered, through continuous changes in which the use of researches and numerical assertions acted in order to legitimate the liberal transformations in the worldwide politics and economics, which in turn made the informations more rational and more comprehensible to the readers. The main theoretical questions deal with the transposition of Pierre Bourdieus notion of habitus into the function of the statistics as a form of control of the transformations in contemporary societies and as a useful normalization to the exercise of power according to some of the concepts present in the work of Michel Foucault.

As estatísticas estão presentes em todos os campos do conhecimento humano, fazem parte de nosso cotidiano e influenciam nossa capacidade de posicionamento frente à realidade, tornando factíveis, por meio de quantificações, noções de sentido muitas vezes abstratas. As pesquisas, quando publicadas na imprensa escrita, tornam-se instrumentos incontestáveis de análise de fatos econômicos, sociais, políticos e de opinião. Procura-se investigar neste trabalho a implicação desse fator para a formação de nossa noção de realidade e suas decorrências para a escrita da História. O objetivo é analisar em que circunstâncias ocorreram o aumento na publicação de pesquisas entre os anos de 1985 e 2000. O objeto de estudo é a divulgação da Pesquisa de Emprego e Desemprego da Fundação SEADE/DIEESE em dois jornais paulistanos. A hipótese central é a de que o jornalismo impresso diário passou, durante o período considerado, por mudanças contínuas nas quais o uso das pesquisas e assertivas numéricas atuou em legitimação das transformações de cunho liberal ocorridas na política e na economia mundial, tornando as informações mais racionais e mais compreensíveis para o leitor. As principais questões teóricas tratam de transpor a noção de habitus em Pierre Bourdieu para a função das estatísticas como uma forma de controle das transformações nas sociedades contemporâneas e como normalização útil ao exercício do poder conforme alguns dos conceitos presentes na obra de Michel Foucault. / Statistics are present in every single field of human knowledge, they are a part of our everyday lives and they influence our capacity of taking a stand for reality, making practicable, through a series of quantifications, notions of sense which are often abstract. When published, researches become undisputable tools of analysis of economical, social, and political facts, as well as facts of opinion. In this work we intend to investigate the implications of this factor regarding to the formation of our notion of reality and its consquencies in the writing of History. Our main purpose is to analyse the circumstancies in which occurred the increase of the publication of researches between 1985 and 2000. The object of study is the divulgation of Research of Employment and Unemployment, a document by Fundação SEADE/DIEESE in two newspapers of the city of São Paulo. The pivotal hypothesis is that the daily printed journalism has passed, during the period here considered, through continuous changes in which the use of researches and numerical assertions acted in order to legitimate the liberal transformations in the worldwide politics and economics, which in turn made the informations more rational and more comprehensible to the readers. The main theoretical questions deal with the transposition of Pierre Bourdieus notion of habitus into the function of the statistics as a form of control of the transformations in contemporary societies and as a useful normalization to the exercise of power according to some of the concepts present in the work of Michel Foucault.

This diploma thesis focuses on conception of values in Czech dailies after 1989. Its main goal is to picture some trends and changes in the area of values in the last twenty years. Theoretical part of the paper describes different approaches to the research of values and related concepts. Due to the extent of topic, theories and reseaches of several scientific disciplines are used. Social constructivism represents the second pillar of theoretical background because of its exploration of the influence of media on society. The original research consists in the quantitative content analysis. Based on selected value theory, list of values is used as keywords for content analysis method. Results show some trends among observed periods in the last twenty years.

L'art et l'idéologie sont étroitement liés par leur fonction de représentation du réel. Les années 1960 et 1970 sont celles des grandes espérances révolutionnaires marxistes. Notre étude prend pour objet les artistes et la création artistique en Europe de l'Ouest. Au croisement des événements politiques et de la pensée des intellectuels, les artistes questionnent la pertinence et l'adéquation des formes artistiques à la perspective révolutionnaire. Le terrorisme, la guerre du Vietnam, la Guerre Froide, sont envisagés dans les rapports de pouvoirs politiques qu'ils instaurent. La question sexuelle est reliée à la transgression morale et politique. Les artistes interrogent la possibilité d'une intervention plus directement sociale et politique. / Art and ideology are closely related in their function of representation of reality. The 1960s and 1970s are those of major marxist revolutionary hopes. Our study focuses on artists and artistic creation in Western Europe. At the intersection of political events and thinking of intellectuals, artists question the relevance and adequacy of artistic forms to the revolutionary perspective. Terrorism, the Vietnam war, the cold war, are considered in the reports of political power they establish. Sexual issue is related to the moral and political transgression. The artists question the possibility of a more direct social and political intervention.

The thesis titled La República Checa: media image is focused on the quantitative analysis of media representations of the Czech Republic and its actors in Spanish newspapers El País and La Vanguardia in the period of 2011 and 2012. The main goal of this work is to determine how the media image of the Czech Republic is presented in this newspapers and how was constructed. Through the quantitative analysis based on the theoretical background determines the media space provided to the news about the Czech Republic by the Spanish newspapers, the topics in which was the media image of the Czech Republic displayed, and the measure of news values and news sources related to the Czech Republic. The basic assumption is a presence of the media routines which influence the media image. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:37:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao.pdf: 1155101 bytes, checksum: a7ca46b9928cd6f70d77a0633513d0a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-09-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar a representação de sujeitos homicidas a respeito da razão do crime (motivação) e acerca do crime propriamente dito (ação), tanto à época do homicídio (passado) quanto no momento atual (presente), por meio do juízo de representação da realidade (JRR) e do juízo de valor moral (JVM). A amostra compôs-se de 20 homens, entre 30 e 49 anos de idade, cumprindo pena sob regime de liberdade condicional na Vara de Execuções Penais de Vitória-ES. Realizamos entrevistas individuais, de acordo com o método clínico proposto por Piaget (1926/s.d.; 1932/1994). A partir dos dados encontrados, verificamos que, com relação: 1) às histórias de homicídio, a maior parte dos crimes ocorreu à noite, em espaço público, por arma de fogo, contra homens, conhecidos do transgressor, ambos alcoolizados; 2) à motivação para o homicídio, o JRR mais apontado, no presente e no passado, foi a agressão física sofrida, justificada no presente principalmente pelo fato de o agressor ter-se sentido humilhado e, no passado, pelo fato de ter querido vingar-se e pelas características próprias do transgressor ou da vítima; o JVM mais mencionado no passado foi o de que as razões estavam certas, devido a características dos entrevistados ou das vítimas, pelas humilhações sofridas ou pelo fato de que precisavam defender uma vida, ao passo que no presente o juízo mais citado pelos entrevistados foi o de que estavam errados os motivos, em face das conseqüências negativas do crime para eles e dos argumentos religiosos; 3) à ação do homicídio, o JRR mais citado no passado foi o de que os participantes cometeriam novamente o homicídio, pela humilhação sofrida ou pelo sentimento experienciado; e no presente mencionaram que não matariam de novo, devido às conseqüências negativas do crime, às características próprias ou da vítima e aos motivos religiosos; o JVM mais mencionado no passado foi o de que a ação seria errada, pelas conseqüências negativas, enquanto no presente todos julgaram como errado o homicídio cometido, devido às conseqüências negativas, ao valor atribuído à vida e a motivos religiosos; 4) aos dados em geral, houve uma tendência maior em condenar o homicídio e não a sua motivação; os argumentos religiosos ligaram-se ao fato de, no presente, os entrevistados julgarem como erradas a motivação e a ação do crime e, portanto, não o fariam novamente; as explicações veiculadas à humilhação pertencem principalmente ao passado, para justificar como corretos os juízos de valor das motivações e da ação, razão pela qual naquela época cometeriam novamente o homicídio, com uma ação pela honra . / The objective of this research was to investigate the representation of homicidal subjects as to the reasons of. the crime ( motivation ), and of the crime itself ( action ), not only at the time of the homicide ( past ) as for the present moment as well ( present ), by means of judgement of representation of reality (JRR), and of judgement of moral value (JVM). The sample consisted of 20 men, their ages varying between 30 and 49 years old, in prison and under parole at the Court s Division of Penal Executions of Vitória-ES. Individual interviews were made, according to the clinical method proposed by Piaget ( 1926/s.d.; 1932/1994). From the gathered data, we verifyed that in relation to: 1) the homicidal stories, most crimes took place at night, in public spaces, by fire weapon, against men known to the transgressor, both drunk; 2) as to the motivation for homicide, the JRR emphasized in the present and in the past, the physical aggression which took place, justified in the present mainly because the aggressor felt humiliated, and in the past, because he wanted to take revenge, and the transgressor s or victim s own characteristics; the JVM that was more mentionned in the past, was that their reasons were right due to the characteristics of those interviewed or of the victims, for the suffered humiliations or for the fact that they had to defend a life, whereas in the present, the most cited judgement was that their motives were wrong, in face of. the negative consequences of their crime, and of the religious arguments; 3) as to the action of the homicide, the JRR most mentionned in the past , was that those who had committed it, would do it again, either for the suffered humiliation or for the feeling they had experienced; and in the present they mentionned that they wouldn t kill again, due to the negative consequences of the crime, to the victim s own characteristics, and to religious motives; the JVM more mentionned in the past was that the action would be wrong, because of. the negative consequences, whereas in the present all of them judged as wrong the committed homicide, due to negative consequences, to the value attributed to life, and to religious motives; 4) as to the data in general , there was a greater tendency in condemning the homicide, and not its motivation; the religious arguments were linked to the fact that in the present , those interviewed judged as wrong the motivation and the action for the crime, and therefore they wouldn t do it again; the explanations linked to humiliation belongs mainly to the past, so as to justify as correct the judgement of value of the motivation and of the action, as a reason for why at that time, they would commit homicide again, as an action for honour .

Diploma thesis "China in the Czech Press: Comparing Representations of Authoritarian Political System in Democratic Media System" uses qualitative content analysis to examine attributes ascribed to China by selected Czech mainstream newspapers in selected periods, systematizing and categorizing the findings into instituted categories. The analysis serves as a basis for answering the key question: How media representations of political and social system - which is unacceptable in the system where the media work - can be ideologically adapted? Brief insight into history and contemporary problems of China and interpretation of the term "ideology" based on description of the development of this term firstly in its negative definition of Marxist line stay before presentation of results of the qualitative research. The thesis includes also extensive part full of graphical supplements which denote image of China in discourse of dailies Lidové noviny and Právo in five selected periods. It allows easy comparison of separate partial discourses, so distinctions among the partial images of China are well discoverable.

Durante las últimas décadas, el cine contemporáneo contempla nuevas formas de comprensión de las realidades humanas, ejercicio al que podríamos denominar representación. Es esta necesidad de representar, la que se plasma en la realización audiovisual, ya no solo como una diégesis ficcional sino también como una documentación de la realidad, que conciben entre sí un sistema de hibridación cinematográfica cada vez más presente en la industria independiente. La siguiente investigación tiene como objeto de estudio un producto de docuficción dirigido por el director polaco Michal Marczak y titulado como All These Sleepless Nights (2016), el cual contiene características propias de dos formatos cinematográficos: la ficción y el documental, como medios de comisión de una realidad subjetiva pero que se exhibe como universal. La finalidad de analizar esta película se encuentra en conocer de qué manera los recursos narrativos de la docuficción permiten visibilizar nuevos panoramas sobre la reinterpretación de la realidad. Asimismo, también se explorará cómo reconocer la funcionalidad de aquellos elementos narrativos presentes en el film, tales como la construcción de personajes, el manejo del espacio y el manejo del tiempo, en el entrenamiento de revisión de las nuevas realidades en el cine, propiamente de autor. Dentro de la metodología utilizada para ejecutar la investigación, se consideró el paradigma interpretativo, ya que nos ajustaremos a la comprobación de las preguntas de investigación planteadas por medio de la identificación, descripción y análisis de datos cualitativos referentes al film en estudio. Se propone analizar tres categorías mencionadas en el caso aplicado a 20 escenas dentro del esquema del film. Finalmente, nos enfocamos en el propósito de expandir información relevante sobre un medio cinematográfico vanguardista como es la docuficción y su tratamiento narrativo. / During the last decades, contemporary cinema has contemplated new ways of understanding human realities, an exercise that we could call representation. It is this need to represent, which is reflected in audiovisual production, not only as a fictional diegesis but also as a documentation of reality, that they conceive of a film hybridization system that is increasingly present in the independent industry. The following research has as object of study a docufiction product directed by Michal Marczak and titled All These Sleepless Nights (2016), which contains characteristics of two cinematographic formats: fiction and documentary, as means of commission of a reality subjective but exhibited as universal. The purpose of analyzing this film is to find out how the narrative resources of docufiction make visible new panoramas about the reinterpretation of reality. Likewise, it will also explore how to recognize the function of those narrative elements present in the film, such as the construction of characters, the management of space and the management of time, in the training of revision of the new realities in the cinema, properly auteur. Within the methodology used to carry out the research, the interpretive paradigm was considered, since we will adjust to the verification of the research questions posed by means of the identification, description and analysis of qualitative data referring to the film under study. It is proposed to analyze three categories related to the narrative, in the case applied to 20 scenes within the film's scheme. Finally, we focus on the purpose of expanding relevant information about an avant-garde cinematographic medium such as docufiction and its narrative treatment. / Trabajo de investigación