1 / Brittan Rosendahl

Electric and hybrid electric vehicles’ batteries not only have great potential for alleviating the world’s gasoline consumption problem, but may also stand poised to secure the world’s renewable energy generation. Electric and hybrid electric vehicles’ batteries that have reached the end of their cycle life in vehicles may still have the capacity to be repurposed into stationary utility energy storage. However, the phenomenon known as battery aging must be given careful consideration in the construction of a repurposed battery energy storage system. The battery aging phenomenon reduces the battery’s nominal voltage, capacity and current rating, while increasing its internal resistance. These factors were taken into consideration for the development of the Repurposed Battery Energy Storage System (RBESS). The system utilizes a method called Multi-Level Interlaced Pulse Charging (MLIPC) which was developed for the RBESS to manage the battery’s voltage, current, and energy to extend the useful cycle life of the batteries. The repurposed battery energy storage system has been modeled in PSCAD/EMTDC and tested in a constructed hardware implementation of the system.

Electric and hybrid electric vehicles’ batteries not only have great potential for alleviating the world’s gasoline consumption problem, but may also stand poised to secure the world’s renewable energy generation. Electric and hybrid electric vehicles’ batteries that have reached the end of their cycle life in vehicles may still have the capacity to be repurposed into stationary utility energy storage. However, the phenomenon known as battery aging must be given careful consideration in the construction of a repurposed battery energy storage system. The battery aging phenomenon reduces the battery’s nominal voltage, capacity and current rating, while increasing its internal resistance. These factors were taken into consideration for the development of the Repurposed Battery Energy Storage System (RBESS). The system utilizes a method called Multi-Level Interlaced Pulse Charging (MLIPC) which was developed for the RBESS to manage the battery’s voltage, current, and energy to extend the useful cycle life of the batteries. The repurposed battery energy storage system has been modeled in PSCAD/EMTDC and tested in a constructed hardware implementation of the system.

Like Cinderella, many repurposed products involve a biographical transformation, from a tattered past identity (e.g., an old airbag) to a product with a valuable but different new identity (e.g., a backpack made from an airbag). In this article, the authors argue that marketers should help customers infer such product stories by highlighting the products' tattered past identities. Three field experiments and four controlled experiments show that making a product's past identity salient boosts demand across a variety of repurposed products. This is because past identity salience induces narrative thoughts about these products' biographies, which in turn allows customers to feel special. Results also suggest that this strategy of past identity salience needs to be particularly well-crafted for products with easily discernible past identities. These findings highlight a promising new facet of storytelling (i.e., stories that customers self-infer in response to minimal marketer input); create new opportunities for promoting products with a prior life; and deliver detailed guidance for the largely unexplored, growing market for upcycled and recycled products.

Incidences of fungal infections are on the rise in immunosuppressed people. Predominant causative agents for these mycoses are species of the genus Candida, including Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida dublieniensis. Despite a wide range of emerging pathogens, C. albicans remains the leading cause. According to recent epidemiological studies, blood stream infections with C. albicans cause annually ~55% mortality in approximately 300,000 patients from intensive care units worldwide. Furthermore, the percentage of morbidity linked to oral, esophageal and vulvovaginal mycoses cause by C. albicans reach up to 90%. Reasons for these medical concerns are the lack of efficient diagnostics and antifungal therapy. Here, we therefore sought to find novel antifungal strategies inspired by innate immune cells, such as neutrophils. These phagocytes are able to block the fungal pathogenicity. Neutrophils are bloodstream leukocytes serving as the first line of defense against pathogenic microbes. It has been shown that neutrophils have a strong antifungal activity by impairing the conversion of the dimorphic C. albicans from yeast to hyphal form (Y-H). Consequently, we raised the question whether other immune cells, such as mast cells, with less phagocytic cabapilities may have similar activity to neutrophils. Mast cells are tissue-dwelling cells. Mucosal tissue is rich in mast cells and usually constitutes the entry ports for fungal pathogens into the human body. A contribution of mast cells in antifungal defense is, thus, very likely. We human explored mast cell functions upon encounter with fungal pathogens. Interestingly, human mast cells show a transient potential to impair fungal viability. To understand the mechanism behind this impairment we analyzed the human mast cell functions in more detail. We found that human mast cells challenged with C. albicans, immediately degranulate and secrete distinct cytokines and chemokines in an orchestrated manner. The chemokines secreted attract neutrophils. Mast cells moreover are able to internalize fungal cells and to ‘commit suicide’ by releasing extracellular DNA traps that ensnare the pathogen.   The effectiveness of future antifungals is depended on targeting the pathogen virulence with more efficiency. The dimorphism of C. albicans is proven to be essential its virulence. Blockage of this switching ability could render the pathogen avirulent. Consequently, we screened for compounds that mimic the neutrophils anti-dimorphic activity by screening small chemical molecule libraries that block Y-H transition. The screening of big chemical libraries requires a reliable, reproducible and rapid high-throughput screening assay (HTS). We developed an HTS assay based on automated microscopy and image analysis, thereby allowing to distinguish between yeast and filamentous forms. In order to find the ideal Y-H blocker, we also evaluated the cell viability via the count of ATP levels when challenged with the respective small chemical molecules.   Drug development is an elaborate and expensive process. We therefore applied our screening setup to identify antidimorphic/antifungal activity in compounds from two different chemical libraries including FDA-approved drugs. The study disclosed 7 off-patent antifungal drugs that have potent antimycotic activity, including 4 neoplastic agents, 2 antipsychotic drugs and 1 antianemic medication. In a nutshell, we aimed to mimic the anti-dimorphic/antifungal activity of neutrophils with small chemical molecules. Furthermore, we elucidated how immune cells contribute to antifungal defense to exploit these mechanisms for the development of novel antifungal therapies. Thus, this thesis provides novel tools for the discovery of more efficient compounds, identifies previously unknown antifungal aspect of off-patent FDA-approved drugs and highlights the interplay of mast cells with pathogenic fungi with the aim to define new screening strategies.

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This thesis paper explores some of the cultural phenomena that influence my conceptual framework and describes the logic behind the formal decision-making that defines my work. Beginning with a description of the nature of the materials and environments I appropriate, this thesis aims to deconstruct the layered system of binaries that build the logic behind my work. The concerns in my work circulate around domestic consumption and the objects detritus, a term coined in the paper, that are produced as a result. However, rather than allow the objects detritus to remain cast-aways of a culture of excess, my work reincorporates these objects as materials in conglomerate sculptures. This thesis depicts the complex of ideas that help delegate how these conglomerate works come into being.

My project is about changing the attitudes towards secondhand clothes in the suburbs of Kalmar with repurposing fashion. Secondhand clothes have a bad reputation in the suburbs and in my project, I am seeking where the prejudice coming from, what is acceptable, etc. in hopes to create something that is acceptable and something that grabs the interest of the people from the suburbs of Kalmar. I'm trying to spread the good things about secondhand and teaching people in the suburbs how to repurpose their own clothes in my workshop called “Repurposed+”.Hopefully, this will also connect people and create an interest/hobby for them which will benefit their futures.

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