The diploma thesis deals with the activities of global value chains in Czech Republic, with a focus on the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of the work explains the term value chain, its origin, function and its impact on selected economic indicators. Types of the processes in the firms and the possibility of relocation on the external subject or abroad is mentioned at the end of this section. The practical part aims to access the activity of the companies in global value chains. Based on the statistic dates, information from various databases and calculations, the paper offers an insight into the situation in selected sectors. Other parts are dedicated to analyzing the opportunities, current trends and overall development of this industry in Czech Republic. The output of the work provides a general look on the concept, how the firms are working in value chains and how are they affecting the electronic industry.

The thesis deals with the analysis of competitiveness of the Visegrad Group. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the competitiveness of the Visegrad countries - the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The countries will be examined in today's competitive environment within the Visegrad Group and the European Union. The analyze is based on data available from public sources and statistics. The work is divided into three chapters. The first part is devoted to the theoretical definition of competitiveness and methods of how to measure the competitiveness of the state. The second chapter introduces Visegrad Group and its common characteristics. The another part of the work is focused on the macroeconomic indicators - inflation, government debt and GDP per capita. The foreign trade and territorial and commodity structure of exports in the last ten years are also examined in this part. In the third chapter there is an analysis of the competitiveness based on investigation of labor productivity, labor costs, expenditures on research and development and tertiary education. In conclusion there is an evaluation of competitiveness of Visegrad Group based on the Global Competitiveness Index in 2011-2012.

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise sobre a comunicação científica em uma instituição pública brasileira de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e ensino. A análise é direcionada para identificar quais são os fatores que definem esta comunicação, que abrange desde a construção do conhecimento pelo pesquisador até a aceitação e utilização deste conhecimento pela comunidade científica. Primeiramente, é feito um estudo teórico no assunto em bibliografia considerada de relevância, para posterior coleta de dados, com questionário estruturado, como subsídio a um estudo de caso, considerando a prática dos pesquisadores com doutorado do Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Aeroespacial, vinculado ao Comando da Aeronáutica, que atua na área aeroespacial e de defesa, localizado em São José dos Campos, São Paulo. Os aspectos observados para a identificação destes fatores consideram as fases da produção, da disseminação e do armazenamento das informações científicas e envolvem o ambiente organizacional, o ambiente científico, as tecnologias de informação e comunicação disponíveis e, também, o âmbito pessoal ou comportamental do próprio cientista, possibilitando identificar o que facilita e o que dificulta o desenvolvimento desta comunicação. Os resultados apresentados no formato descritivo constatam aspectos que contribuem e limitam a comunicação deste grupo pesquisado. Como exemplo do que contribui estão as redes de pesquisa formadas mais intensamente com parcerias locais da região do Vale do Paraíba e do Sudeste, ressaltando a importância da proximidade física com atores atuantes em áreas afins. E, como exemplos dos aspectos limitadores estão: a necessidade de divulgar os resultados das pesquisas em âmbito mais restrito, por meio de documentos técnicos ou de reuniões presenciais, em função das áreas de atuação desta instituição; e, a menor freqüência nos vínculos externos com empresas nacionais e internacionais, para fins de pesquisa. Estas constatações apontam, principalmente, para ações que a instituição pode implantar, em âmbito interno, no gerenciamento do conhecimento gerado por seus pesquisadores, considerando a maior interação entre os mesmos e a melhor acessibilidade aos resultados das suas pesquisas; e, em âmbito externo, na promoção de mais parcerias com o setor privado nas atividades de pesquisa. / This work presents a scientific communication analysis of a Brazilian public research, development, and education institution. The analysis is focused on identifying what are the factors that define the communication that goes from the stage of knowledge construction by the researcher to the acceptance and use of such knowledge by the scientific community. Initially, a theoretical analysis on the subject was conducted in the literature for subsequent data collection, using a structured questionnaire, for the development of a case study based on the practice of a group of researchers with doctorate degree that are associated with the Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, linked to the Air Force Command, which operates in the aerospace and defense sector and is located in São José dos Campos, São Paulo. Factors observed in this research included the identification of the stages of scientific information production, storage, and dissemination as well as the organizational and scientific environments, information technology and communication available, and personal or behavioral aspects of scientists, allowing identify what facilitates and what hampers the development of this type of communication. The descriptive results presented demonstrate aspects that contribute to the communication of this research group, such as that the network searches more intensively among local partners in the region of the Paraiba Valley and within the Southeast, highlighting the importance of physical proximity to actors working in related areas. They also demonstrate factors that limit the communication, such as the need to disseminate research results within a narrow context, through technical documents, depending on the areas of operation of the institution and, less frequently, within external links with national and international companies, for research purposes. These findings provided insights toward necessary actions that the institution could deploy internally to better manage the knowledge generated by its researchers by increasing the level of interaction between them and providing better accessibility to the results of their research. And actions deployed externally by promoting partnerships with private institutions in research activities.

This study examines the importance of public research and development (R&D) expenditures and innovations (prices) to U S agricultural productivity employing panel vector error correction econometric technique Specifically, time-series and panel unit root tests, panel cointegration procedures, panel causality tests, and vector error correction model are used in the analysis. Empirical application to U S state-level data for 1960-2004 suggests positive and statistically significant influence of both supply-side drivers, in the form of public R&D expenditures, and demand-side drivers, in the form of innovations (prices), on total factor productivity growth.

The thesis deals with a legal protection of results of research and development activities, which runs in collaboration between a university and an industry partner. At the first part of the thesis basic terms are explained, related legislation is introduced and important institutions from the field of intellectual property rights are mentioned. The thesis also describes a legal status of the research and a development center, lists various ways of results protection and provides an introduction to contractual obligations. The technical part contains a calculation of energy and water consumption in the Laboratory of energy intensive processes. Finally, all information provided is used for a preparation of the collaboration agreement draft between the university and the partner from the application area.

This diploma thesis deals with evaluating of research and development projects from the viewpoint of income taxes in business corporation. The thesis defines legislation of the problematics. On the basis of acquired knowledge a methodological guide is created. It can be used in business corporation while evaluating research and development projects in accordance with income taxes. In this diploma thesis the chosen research and development projects in existing business corporation are solved by the created methodological guide. Illustrative examples of situations which can appear during realization of research and development projects and its financial impacts on business corporation are given at the end of this thesis.

The thesis aims to explore and describe the relationships between scientific results and research projects, both in general and in three given sources: the National Repository of Grey Literature (NUSL) in the Czech Republic, the Czech Research, Development and Innovation Information System (IS VaVaI) and OpenAIRE. The theoretical part presents relationships between results and projects in the field of research information in the Czech Republic and the EU, as well as the Levels of Conceptual Interoperability Model (LCIM) and its application to the relationships between results and projects. Furthermore, the thesis examines the analyzed resources in terms of acquisition, technical processing and interoperability of links between results and projects. The research part quantifies the presence of these links in the given sources, examines the multiplicity of the links to projects, and a possible dependence of the occurrence and quantity of these links on language and type of the research results.

Doctorat en sciences sociales, politiques et économiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The agricultural sector of Andean countries like Peru and Bolivia perceives the consequences of climate change in increasing water stress due to melting glaciers and changing precipitation patterns. Therefore mainly subsistence agricultural systems are increasingly vulnerable. Traditional inhabitants of the tropical Andean region are aware of the recurrent diversity of climate related impacts and its consequences, thus livelihood strategies are based on principles of risk management. Andean farmers are nowadays applying traditional strategies in a combination of homegrown experimentation and scientific know-how to cope with and adapt to a changing climate. Understanding these adaptations has become one of the most important aspects of research into climate change impacts and vulnerability. It provides essential knowledge for developing and transferring strategies towards a sustainable management in agriculture and agroforestry systems. But there still is a lack of a comparative assessment, especially in regions with high impact of extreme climate conditions. The endogenously determined strategies, which are based on the experience of the farmers, are to be complemented by knowledge and experiences coming from outside farm-household systems and communities. In a collaborative way, this exogenous knowledge is to be placed at the disposal of local actors. The necessary network approach leads to a comprehensive involvement of local stakeholders. Therefore a participative network on climate change may work as a tool to bridge the gap between the global discourse on climate change and local action.

The European Union (EU) puts more emphasis on innovation as a key means for regaining and maintaining competitiveness, a trait it lags behind in when compared to its main global competitors. It therefore possesses a range of tools designed to support innovative activities of firms and to improve the overall environment of innovation in the European Union and Member States. This thesis outlines/describes the major milestones in the development of innovation policies in the Czech Republic and the EU and focuses on supporting innovation in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Czech Republic via measures derived from the EU's financial tools. Special emphasis is applied to the Operational Programme Entrepreneurship and Innovation (OPIE) that in the Czech Republic is the main tool used to support innovation in firms. The main problem areas that may pose barriers to active impact for this support are identified on the basis of programme documents, assessment reports, statistical data on the programmes and qualitative information yielded from interviews with firm representatives experienced in this type of support. With regard to the findings of this assessment, the thesis attempts to frame suggestions that can eliminate the identified shortcomings and recommendations that can form the position of...