Thesis advisor: Ruth McRoy / In January 2010, Haiti experienced a phenomenon no living Haitian had ever known. A devastating earthquake of 7.0 magnitude ravaged the already destitute island nation, killing over 230,000, leaving over one million living in tent cities or open spaces, and affecting millions of Haitians on the island and in the diasporas. This study examines the trauma and resilience of women who survived Haiti's 2010 earthquake and relocated to Boston, MA. A phenomenological qualitative design was used in this research in which 1-2 hour in-depth interviews were conducted with eight Haitian women who were living in Haiti and directly experienced the effects of earthquake. They all subsequently sought refuge from the destruction and chaos by coming to the U.S. This research aimed 1) to discover the culturally specific ways Haitian women survivors respond to trauma and exhibit resilience in the aftermath of a natural disaster and 2) to determine the factors that effect adjustment and wellbeing for Haitian women survivors in Boston. This inquiry was guided and informed by ecological resilience theory. A linguistically and culturally competent research team was formed in order to conduct the study in Haitian Creole, transcribe the narrative data, thematically code and analyze the data in the original language, and then provide clear translations that capture the meaning of the participants' narratives. Findings revealed that barriers such as unresolved legal status, financial stress, empathic stress, and family separation, threatened successful adaptation to their new reality. Ecological factors such as supports from friends, family and community organizations were found to promote resilience in the women survivors. Cultural values promoting connections to Haiti, the power of women, education, and spirituality, also served as motivating factors for acclimating to their relocation. The findings of this study suggest that social workers serving the relocated victims of the recent Haitian earthquake, recognize that the stress of family separation and the legal challenges of immigration, are major factors affecting the resilience of this population. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2012. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Social Work. / Discipline: Social Work.

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la correlación entre los niveles de autoconcepto y resiliencia en homosexuales adultos de Lima. Para ello, se evaluó una muestra de 122 participantes de ambos géneros; el 45.9% hombres (n=56) y el 54.1% mujeres (n=66) cuyas edades fluctúa entre los 18 y 67 años siendo la edad promedio 26 años (7.239). Asimismo, se les aplicó la Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young y la Escala de Autoconcepto Personal. Los resultados presentan evidencia de validez y confiabilidad de ambos instrumentos, además se presenta una correlación inversa altamente significativa (-.561**) entre ambas variables. Los resultados obtenidos fueron analizados y discutidos de acuerdo al objetivo planteado. / The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of self-concept and resilience in adults homosexuals in Lima. For this, a sample of 122 participants of both genders was evaluated; 45.9% men (n = 56) and 54.1% women (n = 66) whose ages fluctuate between 18 and 67 years with the average age being 26 years (7.239). In addition, the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale and the Personal Self-concept Scale were applied. The results present evidence of validity and reliability of both instruments, in addition a highly significant inverse correlation (-.561**) is presented between both variables. The results obtained were analyzed and discussed according to the proposed objective. / Tesis

In 2008, a severe economic crisis hit economies around the world. Its effects included a significant loss of GDP and employment which led to several social ills associated with recessions. However, the crisis did not impact all places with the same severity. This thesis investigates the crisis impact across GB Local Authority Districts during 2008-2014 within a framework that utilises the concept of economic resilience. However, this concept does not have a universally accepted definition or methodology of investigation. Hence, the study adopts an operational definition, comparing the conditions in local labour markets before and after the start of the recession. Using this method, a wide variation in resilience performance is identified across spatial areas. To identify the determinants of these differences, the study critically examines existing empirical studies and relevant theories. The factors identified range from past labour market performance to industrial structure, skills, demographics and other variables. The thesis then adopts an empirical method of investigation utilising a cross-sectional model. The results indicate that places which performed well before the start of the crisis have suffered deeper crisis impacts. However, the share of younger aged population and degree level qualification holders has mitigated the impact. The results are confirmed by robustness checks concerning the influence of outliers, migration and exploring the use of a composite indicator of resilience. It is the first time that a study of the crisis has focused on GB Local Authority Districts and comprehensively examined local labour markets. Moreover, the study makes a contribution by providing an operational definition and methodology for measuring resilience and empirically testing the impact of a range of determinants of resilience performance. The policy implications suggest a greater focus on skills and the attraction of younger aged workers through increased embeddedness of anchor institutions such as universities, as well as the inclusion of resilience as a core element of place-based policies.

Dans ce travail de recherche, nous voulions découvrir les facteurs qui ont été determinants pour le processus de résilience des personnes qui ont subi un déplacement forcé en Colombie, le rôle qu’aurait pu jouer dans ce processus le lien de parenté et l’appui social qu’ont trouvé les victimes de ce fléau. Pour arriver à nos fins, nous nous sommes mis en contact avec des familles de déplacés qui vivent dans la ville de Medellín dans deux des quartiers qui ont reçu le plus de déplacés. Deux quartiers périphériques qui ont vu leur population augmenter du fait de l’arrivée de ces personnes. Nous avons conversé avec ces familles qui nous ont raconté comment elles vivaient avant de souffrir ce traumatisme, comment elles ont vécu le moment de la fuite et leur arrivée à Medellín où elles pensaient trouver la paix. Mais à la ville, elles ont dû faire face à d’autres problèmes, non moins graves, comme la discrimination sociale, l’absence d’un toit et d’un travail digne pour survivre. / In this study, we aimed to describe the determinants of the resilience process of people who suffered forced displacement in Colombia, and the role that kinship and social support for the victims of this scourge play in this process. To this end, we contacted displaced families living in two neighborhoods with the largest number of displaced persons in the city of Medellin. Two neighborhoods on the outskirts of the city that have seen their population increase with the arrival of these people. These families shared their stories with us, told us how they used to live before they were forced to leave their land, the pain and horrors of having to flee, and their confusion and hope when they arrived in Medellin where they thought they could find peace.

Background: Interest in resilience has rapidly increased over recent years because of its potential impact on health, well-being and quality of life. However, despite the increasing prevalence of dementia, there is a lack of resilience research involving people diagnosed with this condition. Therefore, little is known about what it is that enables people to live well with dementia and continue to lead successful and meaningful lives. Even small delays in the onset and progression of dementia have the potential to significantly reduce its global burden. More specifically, studies have shown an association between social engagement and reduced risk of cognitive decline and incident dementia and consequently there is growing interest in the effect of increasing social interaction on cognition. Objectives: This thesis comprises two parts. Initially, a systematic literature review summarises and evaluates the current empirical evidence to establish whether interventions which aim to increase social interaction can improve cognition in older adults. Secondly, a qualitative study aims to develop a grounded theory of the concept of resilience in people diagnosed with mild to moderate dementia. Methods: For the systematic review, a comprehensive list of electronic databases was systematically searched, relevant authors in the field were contacted and a hand search of relevant journals was conducted. For the qualitative study, seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with people diagnosed with dementia, with a social constructivist version of grounded theory informing the collection and analysis of data. Results: 17 studies met eligibility criteria for the systematic review, mostly of moderate quality. Study heterogeneity and methodological variability made it difficult to determine the specific contribution of social interaction to cognitive improvements. There was, however, tentative support for improvement in semantic fluency. The results of the qualitative study propose a model which hypothesises resilience is a process of ‘overcoming dementia’. For participants this meant maintaining a sense of pre- and post-diagnostic continuity which was achieved through a complex interaction of their approach to life and acceptance of dementia in conjunction with spousal and other social support. Conclusions: Although the systematic review found some evidence increased social interaction can improve cognition in older adults, this finding is tentative and should be interpreted with caution, with further research warranted. The qualitative study proposes a model of resilience which explains the process of ‘overcoming dementia’. Resilience is conceptualised as comprising individual, social, community, societal and cultural aspects and opens up the possibility of promoting resilience in people with dementia through the development of psychosocial interventions. This study emphasises the strengths and abilities of people with dementia, as well as the importance of social support, but most importantly it is from the perspective of the person with dementia.

This narrative study explores how two Taiwanese college art teachers’ lives and teaching experiences illustrate the ways they cultivate resilience and motivation to sustain professional commitments amidst challenges in their teaching careers. I use the life story interview as my methodology and a three-dimensional space approach to code and analyze my data to retell their stories about how resilience and motivation have guided them as they negotiated dilemmas in teaching. The participants’ stories demonstrate that in order to be motivated, teachers must satisfy their basic needs, which, in the language of Maslow’s need theory, include secure income, safety, love and belonging, respect, and personal accomplishment. To be resilient, art teachers need to facilitate self-efficacy as an essential belief to face challenges, and they also must gain support from family members, students, school administrators, and fellow members of professional organizations as external support resources. This study also illuminates the significance of international educational exchanges, the teaching knowledge constructed through layers of life and professional experience, and the importance of creating dialogue to address teachers’ challenges. Recommendations for future study include exploring further the relationship between motivation and resilience, specifying how gender difference affects the ways participants tell their stories, investigating how teachers in diverse cultural and geographical settings develop motivation and resilience, considering how teachers construct career-affirming memories from both positive and negative life experiences, and exploring uses of social media to engage a broader audience, sharing participants’ stories without the limitations of time and space.

abstract: Over 35% of multiracial college students fail to earn a degree, which can have significant economic and health costs over their lifespan. This study aimed to better understand college and psychological adjustment among multiracial college students of Hispanic/Latinx and White non-Hispanic descent by examining students’ racial identities and use of resilience resources. Latent profiles of identity were identified to better understand how different aspects of racial identity are clustered in this population. Multiracial college students (N=221) reported on racial identity as measured on multiple dimensions: Hispanic/Latinx identity, Hispanic/Latinx cultural orientation, White identity, identity integration, shifting expressions of identity, and identity malleability. Students also reported on their use of multiple resilience resources (personal mastery, social competence, perspective taking, coping flexibility, familism support values) and both college and psychological adjustment. Through regression and SEM analyses, results indicated that, of the resilience resources, only personal mastery was positively related to both college and psychological adjustment, while social competence was positively related to college adjustment. More shifting expressions of identity was related to poorer college and psychological adjustment, which was partially mediated via personal mastery. Stronger Hispanic/Latinx identity was related to higher perspective taking and coping flexibility, while stronger White identity was related to higher familism support values. Latent profiles of identity indicated a four-class solution, consisting of 1) “low identity”, 2) “integrated, low shifting”, 3) “integrated, shifting”, and 4) “high shifting, low integration”. Findings highlight the need for person-centered and ecological approaches to understanding identity development and resilience among multiracial college students, and can inform prevention and intervention efforts for multiracial college students of Hispanic/Latinx and White non-Hispanic descent. Results also demonstrate the importance of assessing multiracial identity via multiple dimensions including factors such as identity integration, shifting expressions of identity, and identity malleability. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Psychology 2020

Social-ecological systems (SES) may become “locked in” particular states or configurations due to various constraints on adaptability imposed by feedback mechanisms or by processes designed to incentivize certain behavior. While these locked-in states may be desirable and robust to disturbances over relatively short time periods, limits on system adaptations may diminish the longer-term resilience of these states, and potentially of the system itself. The agricultural SES in the Iowa-Cedar River Basin in eastern Iowa is one such system. While highly productive, culturally important, and essential to local economies, the system is facing significant economic and environmental challenges. This dissertation presents the results of a project designed to survey the adaptability of farmers in the ICRB, model their actions subject to constraints, and plot potential future states under scenarios of climate change, policy, and market conditions. We utilize a coupled agent-based model (ABM) to examine the specified resilience of the system to future climate, leveraging the ability of ABMs to integrate heterogeneous actors, dynamic couplings of natural and human systems, and processes across spatiotemporal scales. We find that farmer behavior is primarily constrained by economic factors, including federal crop insurance subsidies and the financial risk of implementing different crops or practices. Finally, we generate alternative system trajectories by modeling twenty-one scenarios, identifying actionable adaptations and pathways for transforming the system to alternative, more sustainable states.

This study was conducted to investigate factors that contribute to resilience in students with learning disabilities (LD). The risk-resilience framework provided the theoretical base for selecting school and personal factors that might predict resilience. School and personal data were requested from large, culturally and linguistically diverse samples of individuals diagnosed with LD. A 12 variable model and three cluster models (combined variables) were developed. Discriminant analysis and tests of significance of hit rates were conducted to assess the accuracy of the full model (all 12 variables) to the prediction of resilience, and full versus restricted model testing was done to assess individual variable and cluster (combinations of some variables) contributions to the model. Additionally, analyses of environmental, intrapersonal, and interpersonal cluster models were investigated to determine their relative contribution to the prediction of resilience in relation to the others. Results of the full model analysis and subsequent tests of significance of hit rate indicated modest cross validated classification accuracy for the total group, resilient group, and non-resilient group. However, the model was not significantly better than chance, overall, at predicting resilience and non-resilience in students with LD. Results of the analysis of individual predictor variables’ and clusters’ contributions to the model’s classification accuracy indicated that no individual variable within the full model, nor cluster of interrelated variables contributed significant incremental improvement in classification accuracy above and beyond that which is available from all other variables contained in the full model. The independent analysis of interrelated personal and school related factors clustered as environmental, interpersonal, and intrapersonal clusters revealed that, as unique and separate models, classification accuracy of cross-validated group cases were less than optimal for each cluster. The results further demonstrate that resilience is affected by both internal and external factors. Although the results also demonstrate that factors work together, a great deal is still to be learned regarding factors affecting resilience as well as their interplay in clusters of factors that affect resilience. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2019. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Resilience is imperative during adolescence. Previous studies focused on the moderating role of parenting between temperament and adaptive outcomes in children (Karreman et al., 2010; Wang et al., 2016). However, little is known about how personality such as neuroticism affects resilience during adolescence, and how parenting influences neuroticism and resilience at this life stage. The current study investigated the longitudinal effects of neuroticism and both positive and negative parenting on selfreports of resilience in a sample of high-school adolescents in Lithuania (N = 859). The results suggested that high levels of neuroticism predicted declining rates of resilience. This association was moderated by parent support and behavioral control. Specifically, high levels of parent support and behavioral control would attenuate the effect of neuroticism on resilience during adolescence, but only when the neuroticism level of the individual was not high. The findings indicate that the neuroticism erodes the advantages that are otherwise associated with positive parenting. The findings have important implications. Good parenting is effective to foster resilience among children with low neuroticism, but for children with high neuroticism, more attention should be paid to the specific skills that might directly foster resilience rather than relying on parenting. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2019. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection