This work deals with human resources management in small companies. In its theoretical part there are first clarified specifics of small companies' management and then there are described personal processes and work that should be done in small organisations in detail. The aim of the first part of the thesis is to make a theoretical framework for the second -- practical part. In the second part small enterprise is presented and personal work which is done in it is described. The goal of the analytical part and the result at the same time is an analysis of these processes and also recommendations that would, in case of application, lead to an improvement of the company's human resources management system and implicitly to higher competitiveness in a particular branch.

The dissertation thesis investigates the most up-to-date subject matter of contemporary business life, both internationally and locally -- Human Resources outsourcing, which appears to have become a new strategic tool for Human Resources Management. The concept means the strategically motivated external execution of some or all HR processes, which would otherwise be performed by internal staff, along with the assignment of the responsibility for those processes to external providers. Effective outsourcing initiatives have the potential to bring about significant benefits for the company, both operational and strategic. The dissertation thesis introduces a comprehensive and objective analysis of the global HR outsourcing model, including its microeconomic implications, the history of outsourcing, its evolution, benefits and possible risks, its different types of delivery models, suppliers'analysis and supply models, the cost aspects, the principles of effective management of the outsourcing project or the relationships of outsourcing with information and communication technologies. Another part of the thesis focuses on the phenomenon of offshoring, which represents one possible way outsourcing can be executed. Employees' outsourcing, its cost efficiency, legislation framework and private agencies' industry impact on the labour market is a subject of another part of the thesis. The consequent section includes empirical research executed with the aim to investigate the principles, models, scope and trends of HR outsourcing activities in the Czech republic. The results of the research are compared with scientific hypotheses that are based on the knowledge of the HR outsourcing global model which results in defining a local model of HR outsourcing. The concluding part of the dissertation thesis summarizes both the theoretical knowledge and practical findings and formulates a number of recommendations and advise for company top management about how to implement effectively HR outsourcing in the company or how to improve its quality if already implemented.

Tesis para optar al grado de Máster en Estudios Internacionales. / En consideración de la “Carta de intenciones” (Letter of Intentions), firmada el 14 de julio de 2016 para la cooperación en temas relacionados con el gestión integrada de los recursos hídricos –en adelante GIRH– entre Chile y Holanda, se ha propuesto la creación de un proyecto piloto en la cuenca del río Elqui a partir de los hallazgos del estudio técnico "GIRAgua", actualmente en ejecución, incorporando las áreas de Sistemas de Información, Transferencia de Tecnología y la gestión integrada del agua para resolver las prolongadas sequías y la presión intensivas sobre los recursos hídricos con el objetivo de explorar necesidades concretas y nuevas oportunidades de colaboración con Chile. / Considering the "Letter of Intentions" signed on July 14, 2016 in order to cooperation on issues related to integrated water resources management –hereinafter IWRM– between Chile and the Netherlands in order to explore concrete needs and opportunities for collaboration in Chile, the creation of a pilot project in the Elqui river basin has been proposed based on the findings of the "GIRAgua" technical study, currently underway, incorporating the areas of Information Systems, Transfer of Technology and efficient use of water to solve prolonged droughts and intensive pressure on water resources in order to explore concrete needs and new opportunities for collaboration with Chile.

In fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Information Systems. In the Division of Information Systems , School of Economic and Business Sciences. University of Witwatersrand 2017 / This thesis is about how an organization adopted an information system (IS) and the subsequent current use of that system. That is, the relevance of this thesis is premised within the adoption and use of IS research fields. The adoption and use of systems is still a key IS issue as organizations strive to find ways to justify investments while the research issue is in striving to profoundly describe the adoption and use behavior. The thesis employs Human resource information systems (HRIS) as the system under study, with a South African university being the context. HRIS are adopted and used in organizations, including universities, to facilitate human resource functions and practices. The adoption and use of HRIS is often critical to achieving organizational visions and mandates; however, literature in this field is still in its infancy, with no known study conducted with a South African university context. To this point, there was a need to study behavior during HRIS adoption and the subsequent use behavior, in order to inform an efficient and appropriate ongoing use. Existing scholarly HRIS literature focus on either its adoption or its use, but hardly addressing both concurrently. This thesis argues that adoption may inform present use, and therefore, paramount to study both facets, and in the same locale. The study sought to understand how HRIS was adopted as well as understand how it is presently used, in the context of a South African university. The research argument driving the thesis is that HRIS is realized in a multidimensional environment, and thus, there is a need for a framework that may inform both adoption and use dimensions. The framework ought to be cognizant of the contextual determinants which influence both adoption processes and use behavior at varied levels, so that HRIS is adopted and used effectively and efficiently, sensitive to the South African context. To conceptualize the multidimensional framework, the study was underpinned by Upper echelon theory; Social cognitive theory; Technology, organizational and environment framework; and Task-technology fit, as theoretical lenses. Majority of HRIS adoption or use studies take a positivist stance; however, this thesis deemed an interpretivist philosophy as a more appropriate stance to understanding the complexities of adoption iii and use. A qualitative inductive approach using a case study research strategy was the methodology followed. Semi-structured interviews, field observations and institutional documents were ways to collect data. The empirical data were analyzed following thematic analysis and content analysis techniques. Literature and the interpretation of study findings informed the conceptualization of the multidimensional framework for the adoption and use of HRIS. The thesis contributes theoretically by providing a framework that informs adoption and use; practically, the framework may be used by policy and decision makers to improve use and appropriate use of HRIS; Methodologically, the thesis shows how a case study following the interpretive philosophy may be a better alternative to profoundly describe and explain adoption and the use of HRIS; finally, the thesis contributes to context by giving insights unique to South African universities. Keywords: Adoption and use framework, Human resource information systems Interpretive case study, Multidimensional, South African university / GR2018

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the built environment, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering. Johannesburg, 2017 / Construction fragmentation remains a major concern amongst professinals through-out project phases in South Africa.The report identifies fragmentation challenges in the context of integration, collaboration, communication and coordination encountered by professinal teams in construction projects. It also investigates whether the intrinsic properties of the construction projects, namely the project size, clients, project locations and project delivery methods, contribute to fragmentatio challenges experienced by the construction professinals. To accomplish this, the study employs mixed method research by using a qualitative tool to capture the raw data from the participants, and analysing the captured data quatitatively. While the results of the study are derived quantitatively, one could not quantitatively measure fragmentation on integration, collaboration, communication and coordination, i.e the results did not translate to weighted fragmentation. However, there are subtle, but enlightening points from the survey that exposed elements of fragmentation challenges faced by the professional team. While some of these challenges seem to lead to natural solutions, it appears most of the may be solved by implementing building information modelling. / MT2017

Student Number : 0500819P - MSc dissertation - School of Geography, Archaeology and Environment Studies - Faculty of Science / The research assesses the impacts of Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) and tourism upon community livelihoods, local behaviour and wildlife conservation. The research aims to analyze whether CBNRM is working as it is intended as well as to assess the socio-economic status of the community in terms of whether the CBNRM project has influenced their livelihoods for the better, than when the project was non-existent. The research findings indicate that CBNRM projects can deliver in terms of improvement of rural local community’s livelihoods and natural resources management. However, a lack of understanding of the CBNRM concept, lack of entrepreneurships and managerial skills, poor participation by general membership, poor distribution of the income benefits and lack of consultation to the project’s community membership by the project management are some of the constraints and challenges that emerge from the case study of the Nata Bird Sanctuary CBNRM project.

Mongomi wa Kolo is a hunter-gatherer rock art site within the Kondoa district of Central Tanzania. The site is part of a large group of rock art sites in Kondoa that were collectively declared a National Monument by the Antiquities Act of Tanzania, enacted in 1964 and amended in 1979. In July 2006, the World Heritage Committee inscribed the rock art of Kondoa as a World Heritage Site, acknowledging its international significance, its authentic beauty and living heritage. Mongomi wa Kolo is a focal point for regular ritual practices among the Bantulanguage speaking Warangi and Wasi/Waragwa communities in Kondoa District, Central Tanzania. The Warangi and Waragwa migrated to this area at the start of the third century. Since this time they have been using Mongomi wa Kolo for traditional ritual ceremonies. Currently, the management of Mongomi wa Kolo has sought to control the ritual ceremonies of Warangi and Wasi/Waragwa communities because some rites are damaging the archaeology and rock paintings of the site. This control has led to a conflict between local ritual practitioners and authorities responsible for heritage management. Management of living heritage is new to the Tanzanian cultural heritage authority. This study explores the implications of including living heritage in the management at the archaeological World Heritage Site of Mongomi wa Kolo. Examples are drawn from other World Heritage Sites that manage living heritage. Specifically this study considers how best to integrate living heritage within the management of the Mongomi wa Kolo rock painting site. It then discusses the challenges of adapting the Tanzanian Antiquities legislation to cover living heritage. This study will be achieved through a review of the history of the management of living heritage, international and national legislation protecting living heritage, and interviews undertaken with elders, traditional practitioners, communities around Kolo and nearby villages, and with staff of the Antiquities Department.

This study examines the process and implementation of a conservation project in Chimanimani locality, a remote rural area located in Sussundenga district in the central province of Manica. The Chimanimani Transfrontier Conservation Area Project, as the Project became known, was one of the conservation area projects established in three provinces of Mozambique (Maputo, Gaza and Manica1) in the years following the civil conflict. In essence the Chimanimani Project was framed to enhance environmental sustainability of the targeted areas and contribute to poverty reduction through sustainable use of local natural resources. Accordingly, it was seen as a way of improving the overall quality of life of the targeted communities. The study analyses the Project efforts of utilizing the synergies between conservation and community development in rural areas where income-earning opportunities are limited. The research has focused on two of the five Chimanimani communities (Nhaedzi and Moribane) and brings to the fore evidences of the factors that have affected either positively or negatively the success of the Project.

A gestão dos recursos hídricos passou por profundas transformações ao longo dos últimos vinte anos. A crescente complexidade e interdependência dos problemas associados a demanda e oferta por água em quantidade e qualidade adequadas levou ao aumento de conflitos entre os atores sociais. A resposta institucional foi uma maior flexibilização das normas que regulam o uso dos recursos hídricos. Estas reformas promoveram especificamente a participação de um maior número de atores sociais nas questões relacionadas à água, garantindo-lhes também maior poder no planejamento, gestão e implementação de políticas públicas. O expoente desta tendência é a União Européia através da promulgação da Diretiva Européia para a Água. Entretanto, maior participação é o primeiro passo para uma gestão mais solidária e sustentável da água. Mais do que participação, é a capacidade de aprender com o outro que amplia a possibilidade de soluções sustentáveis. Nesta pesquisa analisamos os fatores e condições que transformam os espaços de participação em processos de aprendizagem social, onde atores sociais modificam suas percepções e práticas sobre a água promovendo uma gestão mais sustentável. Como exemplo, foram analisados dois estudos de caso - um na Bélgica e outro no Reino Unido - onde foi promovida a implementação da Diretiva Européia para a Água. Estes estudos de caso revelam que práticas de gestão participativa não evoluem necessariamente para processos de aprendizagem social sendo que liderança, facilitação profissional e a forma como se estabelecem as relações entre Estado e Sociedade exercem um papel importante na promoção dessas mudanças. / Water management has undergone profound changes over the past twenty years. The increasing complexity and interdependence of problems associated with water supply and demand has led to increasing conflicts between social actors involved with water management. The institutional response was a further reform of the rules governing the use of water resources. These reforms promoted participation of a greater number of social actors while guaranteeing them greater stakes in planning, management and implementation of public policies. The spearhead of this trend is the European Union through the enactment of the Water Framework Directive. However, increased participation is the first step towards a more cohesive and sustainable water management system. More than participation, it is the ability to learn together that allows for sustainable solutions. This research analyses the factors and conditions that allows public engagement to go beyond participation and create social learning processes, in which social actors exchange their perceptions and transform their practices, leading to sustainable watershed co-management. Two case studies are analysed, one in Belgium and another in the UK.

Modificações da cobertura natural dos solos podem ocasionar alterações no ciclo hidrológico, que por sua vez podem impactar a disponibilidade de água. Na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Paraíba do Sul (BHPS) vem ocorrendo uma substituição de coberturas vegetais em função da expansão de monoculturas de eucalipto. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar os impactos de ordem hidrológica sobre a disponibilidade hídrica (quali e quantitativa) no trecho paulista da BHPS, em decorrência da implantação da atividade de silvicultura de eucalipto para produção de celulose. Para isso, foi utilizado o método de Pegada Hídrica (PH) para avaliar a alocação de água da produção de madeira de floresta nativa e de eucalipto, método que vem sendo aplicado pelo setor silvícola. Foram empregados também métodos de Balanço Hídrico Climatológico, Balanço Hídrico Geral e a abordagem de Serviços Ecossistêmicos para avaliar a relação entre a água e as principais coberturas vegetais da bacia (pastagem, floresta nativa e eucalipto), de forma a permitir uma análise ampliada e integrada do comportamento hidrológico da bacia. Ao analisar os métodos empregados, observou-se que a PH de produtos avalia apenas a eficiência do uso da água, o que pode mascarar altos consumos de água em função de maior produtividade por hectare. Isto porque se obteve menor valor de PH da madeira, em m³ por tonelada para o caso do eucalipto, e maior alocação total de água, em m³ por hectare por ano, em comparação à floresta nativa. Os resultados obtidos pela análise de Balanço Hídrico Climatológico para as principais coberturas vegetais mostraram que o eucalipto apresentou maior evapotranspiração e menor excedente hídrico. Já o Balanço Hídrico Geral, analisado mensalmente, permitiu visualizar que as coberturas vegetais influenciam o serviço de provisão de água e concorrem pelo uso de água com os demais usuários da bacia (naturais e antrópicos) em períodos de menor precipitação. Por fim, concluiu-se que são necessárias medições locais para determinação de volumes de escoamento (superficial e subterrâneo), infiltração, bem como do processo de lixiviação e perdas de solo para apontar de forma mais precisa os impactos hídricos da monocultura de eucalipto. / Modifications in the natural land cover can change the hydrological cycle, which might have an impact on water availability. In the river basin of the Paraíba do Sul river (RBPS), the natural vegetation has been being replaced due to the expansion of eucalyptus monocultures. This research assessed the impacts on water availability (both qualitative and quantitative), caused by eucalyptus forestry for pulp production in the RBPS part in Sao Paulo. The water footprint (WF) method was applied to assess the water used on the cellulose production of native forest and eucalyptus, given the use of this method by the industry. Also, the Climatic Water Balance, General Water Balance methods and the Ecosystem Services approach were used in order to perform an extended and integrated analysis of the hydrological behavior of the basin. By analyzing these methods, it was found that the products WF only assesses the efficiency in water use, which can mask high water consumption with higher productivity per hectare. This because a smaller value for wood WF was observed, in m³/ton for eucalyptus, and higher total water use, in m³ per hectare per year, compared to the native forest. The results observed by the Climatic Water Balance analysis for the main vegetation cover showed that the eucalyptus presented higher evapotranspiration and smaller water surplus. The General Water Balance, analyzed on a monthly basis, showed that the vegetation has an impact on the water provision service and competes for water with other users in the basin (natural and anthropic) in periods with less precipitation. Finally, it was concluded that local measurements are required to determine the runnof volumes (superficial and subsurface), infiltration, as well as the process of leaching and soil loss in order to have a more accurate assessment of the hydrological impacts of the eucalyptus monoculture.