FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / Esse estudo teve como objetivo geral investigar as relaÃÃes estabelecidas entre os pescadores do litoral leste do Cearà e os recursos pesqueiros no que diz respeito ao conhecimento ecolÃgico local (CEL) sobre a ictiofauna e as tÃcnicas de pesca para capturar as espÃcies. Especificamente, foram investigados os pescadores da praia de Redonda, municÃpio de Icapuà (CE), e as espÃcies de peixes mais exploradas por eles. A localidade foi escolhida pelo fato dos pescadores serem referÃncia por praticarem uma pesca responsÃvel, ou seja, em consonÃncia com os princÃpios da sustentabilidade. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados mÃtodos qualitativos e quantitativos à luz da Etnoictiologia, a qual trata das interaÃÃes entre os seres humanos e os peixes. As tÃcnicas de pesquisa utilizadas foram: amostragem âbola de neveâ; observaÃÃo direta; turnÃs guiadas; entrevistas abertas; e questionÃrios estruturados e semi-estruturados. A pesquisa contou com a participaÃÃo direta de 30 pescadores e de respondentes da comunidade em geral. Os resultados mostraram que os pescadores de Redonda realizam uma pesca artesanal, geralmente em embarcaÃÃes à vela, utilizando instrumentos simples e que a pesca constitui-se como uma atividade econÃmica, sociocultural e de subsistÃncia. As espÃcies de peixes mais capturadas (de maior valor de uso) foram cavala (Aconthocybium solandri); biquara (Haemulon plumierii) e serra (Scomberomorus brasiliensis). Sugere-se que sejam adotadas medidas mÃnimas do comprimento para captura dessas espÃcies. O estudo aponta a necessidade da criaÃÃo de seguro defeso para peixes da famÃlia Lutjanidae: cioba, dentÃo, guaiuba, pargo e ariacÃ. Essas informaÃÃes sÃo importantes para a elaboraÃÃo de planos de manejo e conservaÃÃo dos recursos pesqueiros, alÃm de subsidiar a tomada de decisÃo visando promover a gestÃo sustentÃvel da pesca. / This study aimed to investigate the relations between the Cearà coastal fishermen and fisheries resources with respect to the local ecological knowledge (LEK) about fish and fishing techniques. Specifically, we investigated the fishermen from Redonda Beach, in the municipality of Icapui (CE), and the fish species harvested by them. This location was chosen because those fishermen carries on the responsible fishing, that is aligned to the sustainability principles. For data collection, we used qualitative and quantitative methods in the light of ethnoichthyology, which deals with the interactions between humans and fish. The research techniques used in this study were the following: "snowball"sampling ; direct observation, guided tours, open interviews, and semi-structured and structured questionnaires. The survey was applied to the Redonda fishermen and 30 persons from the community. The results showed that Redonda fishermen have practiced artisanal fishing, usually in sailing vessels, using relatively simple tools, and that fishing is an economic, sociocultural and subsistence activity for them. The fish species most havested (and showing higher use value) were cavala (Aconthocybium solandri); biquara (Haemulon plumierii) and serra (Scomberomorus brasiliensis). We suggest that policy measures should be adopted for those species such as minimum harvesting season. The study points out the need for creating spawning season for the Lutjanidae fish family: cioba, dentÃo, guaiuba, pargo e ariacÃ. This information is important for developing fisheries resource management and conservation plans, in addition to supporting the decision making to promote the fisheries sustainable management on the coast of CearÃ.

ARAÚJO, Liane Marli Silva de. Etnoictiologia como ferramenta para uma gestão pesqueira participativa e sustentável. 2013. 107 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente-PRODEMA, Fortaleza,CE, 2013. / Submitted by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-05-09T19:16:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_lmsaraújo.pdf: 812644 bytes, checksum: 600526b594b533b682f6ab79e1c9f49b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-05-09T19:17:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_lmsaraújo.pdf: 812644 bytes, checksum: 600526b594b533b682f6ab79e1c9f49b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-09T19:17:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_lmsaraújo.pdf: 812644 bytes, checksum: 600526b594b533b682f6ab79e1c9f49b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / This study aimed to investigate the relations between the Ceará coastal fishermen and fisheries resources with respect to the local ecological knowledge (LEK) about fish and fishing techniques. Specifically, we investigated the fishermen from Redonda Beach, in the municipality of Icapui (CE), and the fish species harvested by them. This location was chosen because those fishermen carries on the responsible fishing, that is aligned to the sustainability principles. For data collection, we used qualitative and quantitative methods in the light of ethnoichthyology, which deals with the interactions between humans and fish. The research techniques used in this study were the following: "snowball"sampling ; direct observation, guided tours, open interviews, and semi-structured and structured questionnaires. The survey was applied to the Redonda fishermen and 30 persons from the community. The results showed that Redonda fishermen have practiced artisanal fishing, usually in sailing vessels, using relatively simple tools, and that fishing is an economic, sociocultural and subsistence activity for them. The fish species most havested (and showing higher use value) were cavala (Aconthocybium solandri); biquara (Haemulon plumierii) and serra (Scomberomorus brasiliensis). We suggest that policy measures should be adopted for those species such as minimum harvesting season. The study points out the need for creating spawning season for the Lutjanidae fish family: cioba, dentão, guaiuba, pargo e ariacó. This information is important for developing fisheries resource management and conservation plans, in addition to supporting the decision making to promote the fisheries sustainable management on the coast of Ceará. / Esse estudo teve como objetivo geral investigar as relações estabelecidas entre os pescadores do litoral leste do Ceará e os recursos pesqueiros no que diz respeito ao conhecimento ecológico local (CEL) sobre a ictiofauna e as técnicas de pesca para capturar as espécies. Especificamente, foram investigados os pescadores da praia de Redonda, município de Icapuí (CE), e as espécies de peixes mais exploradas por eles. A localidade foi escolhida pelo fato dos pescadores serem referência por praticarem uma pesca responsável, ou seja, em consonância com os princípios da sustentabilidade. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados métodos qualitativos e quantitativos à luz da Etnoictiologia, a qual trata das interações entre os seres humanos e os peixes. As técnicas de pesquisa utilizadas foram: amostragem “bola de neve”; observação direta; turnês guiadas; entrevistas abertas; e questionários estruturados e semi-estruturados. A pesquisa contou com a participação direta de 30 pescadores e de respondentes da comunidade em geral. Os resultados mostraram que os pescadores de Redonda realizam uma pesca artesanal, geralmente em embarcações à vela, utilizando instrumentos simples e que a pesca constitui-se como uma atividade econômica, sociocultural e de subsistência. As espécies de peixes mais capturadas (de maior valor de uso) foram cavala (Aconthocybium solandri); biquara (Haemulon plumierii) e serra (Scomberomorus brasiliensis). Sugere-se que sejam adotadas medidas mínimas do comprimento para captura dessas espécies. O estudo aponta a necessidade da criação de seguro defeso para peixes da família Lutjanidae: cioba, dentão, guaiuba, pargo e ariacó. Essas informações são importantes para a elaboração de planos de manejo e conservação dos recursos pesqueiros, além de subsidiar a tomada de decisão visando promover a gestão sustentável da pesca.

Marine issues develop in complex social contexts, usually involving a large number of sectors, actors, and users. Achieving sustainable marine governance requires a continued and context-specific structure of interdisciplinary knowledge, inter-sectorial interaction as well as inter-institutional coordination that generates daunting challenges to government, stakeholders and civil society. In this sense, it is imperative for marine governance structures to pay close attention to social sustainability factors, such as recognition of socio-cultural diversity, representation in decision-making and distribution of ‘goods’ and ‘bads’, which have commonly been overlooked in environmental governance in general and marine governance in particular. Costa Rica’s territorial sea is an important source of income for a myriad of communities on the Pacific and Caribbean coasts. During 2019 and 2020, the Responsible Fishing Marine Area and Marine Management Area of Barra del Colorado were created under the expectation of serving the social and ecological needs of the community. Taking this into consideration, this study aims to examine how social sustainability was handled in the formation process of the two resource management areas, which involved participation of institutional and civil society actors from 2010 until 2019. This study first analyses the concept of marine governance and its relationship to social justice. The concept of social sustainability is explained and I then develop a social sustainability conceptual framework. Secondly, the methodology and methods are described. The choice of the empirical case is described in the next section and I next give a brief overview of Barra del Colorado’s social and economic characteristics and background. Further, an analysis of the process to consolidate the Responsible Fishing Marine Area and the Marine Management Area of Barra del Colorado through the social sustainability framework is conducted. Last, the results of the analysis are discussed and the main findings are presented. Through this analysis, the process of consolidation was assessed against the normative social sustainability theory, concluding that the process was found lacking regarding its social sustainability due to a series of government-related issues, that affected the representation, recognition and distribution of the process.

La participation des pêcheurs artisanaux a longtemps été écartée de la gestion institutionnelle des activités halieutiques marines côtières dans la zone intertropicale, notamment au sein des États centralisés d’Amérique Centrale. L’objectif majeur de cette thèse était de déterminer le potentiel de cogestion des activités halieutiques artisanales au sein du Golfo Dulce (Pacifique Sud du Costa Rica). La réflexion s’organise en deux parties. La première est consacrée à l’étude de la gestion des activités halieutiques artisanales exploitant les ressources marines côtières, ressources communes, dans les pays en développement tropicaux, et la seconde, à une étude de cas du Golfo Dulce. Dans un premier temps, le secteur halieutique artisanal costaricain a été caractérisé, notamment au travers de son évolution historique et de sa gestion déconcentrée et pluri-institutionnelle. Les différentes modalités de participation des pêcheurs artisanaux à la gestion de leurs activités halieutiques sont illustrées par plusieurs études de cas (Cahuita, Marino-Ballena, Palito, Tárcoles, Golfo Dulce). Dans un second temps, les pratiques de pêche et le profil socio-économique des pêcheurs artisanaux des trois communautés de Bahía Pavones (sud-est du Golfo Dulce) ont été caractérisés. L’activité de pêche artisanale y repose sur huit espèces, dont les deux principales, Lutjanus gutattus (vivaneau rose) et L. peru (vivaneau garance) seraient surexploitées. La participation des pêcheurs artisanaux aux organisations locales est importante malgré un déficit de confiance envers ces dernières. Enfin, la comparaison des différentes études de cas a mis en évidence l’existence de huit conditions nécessaires au développement d’un processus de cogestion d’activités halieutiques artisanales au Costa Rica. Au sein de l’Aire Marine de Pêche Responsable du Golfo Dulce, malgré la volonté des pêcheurs artisanaux de participer à une pêche durable, c’est la manipulation de ces derniers par divers acteurs qui entrave le processus de cogestion. / The participation of small scale fishers in institutional management of tropical coastal marine fisheries activities has long been excluded, notably in the centralized states of Central America. The major objective of this study was to determine the potential of co-management of coastal marine small scale fisheries activities in Golfo Dulce (South Pacific of Costa Rica). The study consists of two main parts. The first analyses the management of small scale fishing activities exploiting coastal marine resources in tropical developing countries, and the second is devoted to the case study of Golfo Dulce. In a first step, the Costa Rican small scale fishery sector was characterized, especially its historical evolution and its decentralized and multi-agency management. The various modalities of the participation of small scale fishers in its management were illustrated by several case studies (Cahuita, Marino-Ballena, Palito, Tárcoles, Golfo Dulce). Second, fishing practices and socio-economic profile of small scale fishers of the three communities of Bahía Pavones (southeast of Golfo Dulce) were characterized. The small scale fishing activity is essentially based on eight species, of which the two main ones, Lutjanus gutattus (spotted rose snapper) and L. peru (Pacific red snapper) could be overexploited. The participation of small scale fishers to local organizations is significant despite a general lack of confidence towards these organizations. Finally, comparing the different case studies revealed the existence of eight key conditions for the development of a successful co-managed small scale fishery in Costa Rica. Within the Marine Responsible Fishing Area of the Golfo Dulce, it is the manipulation of small scale fishers by various user groups (in particular government and the tourism sector) that hinders the process of co-management.