The current waste management system of Post Consumer Textile Waste (PCTW) in Sweden leads to vast amounts of incinerated or exported textiles. The amount of PCTW reused or repurposed within the country is small in comparison to the amounts of textile products consumed every year. Hence, there is an observed problem in terms of low value creation from textile waste. A system that allows for more textiles to be kept and reused in Sweden could create more economic value in a resource-efficient way. Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate value creation from PCTW for reuse and redesign in Sweden, and to establish a framework for the antecedents of value creation in reverse textile value chains. A pre-study was conducted to map the PCTW industry structure, and served as the basis for sampling cases. Data collection consisted of multiple case studies from 4 charity organisations, 3 clothing brands and 3 redesign brands. The interviews were performed in a semi-structured manner in order to discover the state-of-art in value creation and to identify the key enabling attributes. The findings were analysed to adjust the deductive framework to the textile industry context. Results and findings shows that the state-of-art for value creation among the selected cases varies depending on its mission. Charity organisations are facing a new competition of resources from clothing brands, who have realised a potential of new differentiation by engaging in value creation from PCTW. This has led to a new mind-set among the charity organisations to work more strategically in all their activities. Redesign brands are a relatively new actor and want to work symbolically with redesign to communicate the values in textile materials. Enablers and disablers to value creation from PCTW were found in the interviews and led to the development of an empirical framework. As a whole, this thesis provides rich descriptions of the current preconditions and challenges within the field. Furthermore, it presents a framework for the antecedents of value creation along the recovery processes involved in reuse and redesign value chain. The empirical framework confirms the themes in the theoretical framework, and concludes that there is a set of generic antecedents for value creation in reverse textile value chains. However, there are also category specific antecedents, which need to be considered. The specific experiences of one actor category might as well be valuable knowledge to another, which is why increased collaboration is suggested to enhance value creation from PCTW.

Assignment: The mission of the assignment is to map the four return flows with respect to returning volume, weight, frequency, pick up- and delivery points. Today Volvo CE has a lack of information that concerns their own Reverse logistic processes. It is hard for Volvo CE to see where changes need to be done, due to limited reliable sources. Purpose: The purpose with the study is to make the return flows easier, less expansive and more manageable for both Volvo and their dealers. Further, environmental issues have to be considered in order to find improvements of the returning routines. The analysis is done to bring forth a proposal that will contribute to less unnecessary transports and that also will make it possible to reduce cost. Result: A couple of improvement areas have been discovered, some of them are radical while others are incremental. The one thing they have in common is to make sure that the return flows are being handled and seen as one common flow rather then separately treated. Among the improvements these are some recommendations to Volvo CE: - Appoint special delivery point for warranty returns and make sure that the warranty routines are followed so that unnecessary transports can be reduced. - Store less cores for remanufacturing at the Core Hub. Cores that are not needed are not necessary to transport to the Core Hub. - Make better cost registrations and cost follow ups and evaluate customer satisfaction to be able to find improvement areas in the future.

Orientador: Valério Antonio Pamplona Salomon / Banca: Fernando Augusto Silva Marins / Banca: Aneirson Francisco da Silva / Banca: Cecilia Toledo Hernandez / Banca: Ualison Rébula de Oliveira / Resumo: Aspectos econômicos, legais, ambientais e sociais tornam a Logística Reversa (LR) um assunto de destaque nos meios empresarial e acadêmico, considerando que sua função é a gestão dos processos de retorno de materiais, para tornar viável o reaproveitamento ou destino final adequado. Tendo em vista a movimentação de materiais existente nas redes logísticas existentes em clusters industriais, verifica-se na literatura a falta de estudos específicos referentes às operações de retorno associadas à LR. Por outro lado, os clusters industriais possuem reconhecida importância para economias regionais, por meio do fortalecimento de pequenas e médias empresas. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as atividades relacionadas à LR no cluster industrial calçadista de Juazeiro do Norte - CE, buscando identificar particularidades estruturais e gerenciais. Essas particularidades estão relacionadas a diversos fatores, e, além dos já citados, também são determinantes o tipo de produto e seus materiais constituintes, relações com stakeholders, tecnologia entre outros. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de pesquisa exploratória utilizando o método de estudo de caso, incluindo entrevistas e observações diretas. A análise foi feita utilizando um modelo de tomada de decisão multicritério que aplica o Analytic Network Process (ANP) e o Balanced Scorecard (BSC) para avaliar aspectos gerenciais estratégicos da LR. Utilizando-se a teoria da compatibilidade para quantificar o nível de si... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Economic, legal, environmental and social aspects turn Reverse Logistics (RL) an important subject in business and academic circles, considering that its function is managing processes of return of materials, to make feasible the reutilization or proper disposal. Taking into account the flow of materials in supply chain existing in industrial clusters, it is verified lack of specific studies regarding return operations associated with LR. On the other hand, industrial clusters are very important for regional economies, through strengthening of small and medium enterprises. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the activities related to RL in the footwear industrial cluster of Juazeiro do Norte city, Ceará state, seeking to identify structural and managerial particularities. These particularities are related to several factors, and, in addition to those already mentioned, are also determinants the type of product and its constituent materials, relations with stakeholders, technology, and others. The study was developed through exploratory research using the case study method, including interviews and direct observations. In the analysis, was used a multicriteria decision-making model that applies the Analytic Network Process (ANP) and the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) to evaluate strategic managerial aspects of LR. Using the theory of compatibility to quantify the level of similarity between decision vectors, the results obtained were compared with respect to the differences between study units, as well as in relation to the more general data of the Brazilian industry. As a result, it was identified that the activities of LR in the cluster in focus are strongly influenced by the characteristics of the product, aspects related to productive agglomerations respect to economy and competitiveness, as well as differences in management of the companies / Doutor

A logística reversa de embalagem (LRE) e o design orientado ao território (DT) são abordagens com ênfases diferentes, mas que possuem características que se complementam. A embalagem, por exemplo, surge como uma estratégia com o potencial de comunicação do território e de sustentabilidade ambiental, premissas do DT, através da logística reversa. Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo propor diretrizes e práticas para integração entre essas duas abordagens, LRE e DT. Utilizou-se como unidade de análise um processo de produção orgânica. O método adotado foi a pesquisa-ação, contendo atividades como: (i) revisão de literatura sistematizada para identificação e análise de conceitos, diretrizes, objetivos e ações que permitisse a integração entre a LRE e o DT; (ii) identificação de oportunidades de LRE no contexto do DT a partir do mapeamento de um processo e da sugestão de ferramentas como o blueprint, o Service Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (SFMEA) e a matriz SWOT; (iii) testar as diretrizes de integração propostas em um projeto de embalagens. Dentre os principais resultados do trabalho estão a apresentação de um conjunto de diretrizes norteadoras de LRE em projetos de DT; um diagnóstico de oportunidade de LRE em um projeto de DT, no caso o dos produtores de hortaliças orgânicas; proposição de uma ferramenta para avaliação da integração entre as abordagens e o grau de formalismo presente no planejamento e na gestão da LRE, denominada RADAR DT-LRE; o replanejamento do sistema logístico e o projeto de embalagens; e a aplicação da ferramenta RADAR DT-LRE. Constatou-se que as diretrizes, objetivos e ações integradas entre LRE e DT nortearam de forma satisfatória o sistema de LRE e o projeto das embalagens no caso investigado, apresentando melhorias em relação seu ao estado inicial. As diretrizes com destaque foram: proteção e perpetuação da identidade e do patrimônio, desenvolvimento econômico, redução do impacto ambiental; melhoria da imagem da empresa/negócio e, em menor grau, infraestrutura de suporte ao sistema de logística reversa de embalagens. / The packaging reverse logistics (PRL) and the territorial design (TD) are approaches with different emphases, but that have characteristics that complement each other. The packaging, for example, appears as a strategy with the potential for territory communication and environmental sustainability - assumptions of TD - through reverse logistics. The main of this work is to propose guidelines and practices for integration between the two approaches, PRL and TD. A process of organic production was used as the analysis unit. The method adopted was the action research, containing activities such as: (i) systematic literature review to identify and analyze concepts, guidelines, objectives and actions that allow integration between the PRL and TD; (ii) identification of opportunities for PRL in the context of TD, from a process mapping and suggestion of tools such as blueprint, Service Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (SFMEA) SWOT matrix; and (iii) testing the integration guidelines proposed in a packaging project. The main results of the work are: presenting a set of guidelines for PRL in TD projects; a diagnosis of a opportunity of PRL in a TD project; proposal of a tool to evaluate the level of integration between the two approaches and the degree of formality present in the planning and in the management of PRL, called Radar TD-PRL; redesign of the logistics system and packaging design, and implementation of the tool RADAR TD-PRL. It was found that the guidelines, objectives and integrated actions between PRL and TD guided satisfactorily the PRL system and the packaging design in the investigated case, showing improvements compared to its initial state. The featured guidelines are: protection and perpetuation of identity and heritage, economic development, reduced environmental impact, improving the company's image / business, and, to a lesser extent, infrastructure support system for PRL.

Novas tecnologias vêm sendo constantemente desenvolvidos pelo mundo, alterando os hábitos de consumo da população. Neste novo cenário, surgem os Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos (EEE), cada vez mais demandados e ao mesmo tempo descartados, que se não destinados corretamente ao fim de seu uso, podem acarretar em problemas a saúde humana e ao meio ambiente. Dessa forma, entender como está o atual comportamento do consumidor em relação aos Resíduos de Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos (REEE) é primordial para diagnosticar as dificuldades de descarte dos equipamentos após o fim da vida útil e ao mesmo tempo propor ações corretivas. Assim, o presente trabalho buscou avaliar o comportamento do consumidor institucional, especialmente de empresas privadas, no município de Gravataí/RS frente a problemática atual dos Resíduos de Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de um formulário eletrônico, com questões previamente elaboradas, sendo enviado para o endereço eletrônico das empresas que tinham cadastro ativo junto ao órgão gestor municipal. O local de estudo selecionado foi motivado por ser um importante polo industrial do Rio Grande de Sul, com um número considerável de empresas, atuando em diferentes ramos de atividades. Foram obtidos um total de 48 respostas, sendo a grande maioria de empresas pequeno porte (40) e do ramo de atuação em prestação de serviços (67%). Em relação a gestão dos resíduos eletroeletrônicos, a maioria das empresas respondentes (77%) afirmaram conhecer os riscos associados a este tipo de resíduo e 32 empresas entre as 48 respondentes assinalaram que geram REEE em suas dependências, sendo as lâmpadas fluorescente/Led o tipo de resíduo mais gerado. Além disso, foi questionado quais as principais atitudes de descarte dos EEE no final de sua vida útil, obtendo como principal resposta armazenamento (25 %). Este questionamento foi discriminado para alguns tipos de resíduos, como celulares e tablets, e as respostas mostraram que a maioria deixa somente armazenado (31%), seguido por descarte em pontos de coleta (19%) e revenda (13%). Em relação as principais dificuldades de destinação final, a falta de pontos de coleta (44 %) e a existência de pouca informação a respeito deste tipo de resíduo (34%), foram apontadas como os principais problemas. Também, a maioria das empresas afirmou conhecer o que é o sistema de logística reversa (22 de 32). Por fim, fez-se algumas considerações sobre diferentes propostas para minimizar a questão do descarte dos REEE institucionais, apresentando o sistema depósitoreembolso como instrumento econômico e ambiental, em que os consumidores têm um incentivo para devolver produtos usados e receber reembolso financeiro. Além deste sistema, as próprias empresas que atuam no ramo de reciclagem de resíduos eletrônicos obtendo ganhos econômicos podem colaborar com a destinação final dos REEE gerados nas empresas do município. / New technologies are being constantly developed around the world, changing the consumption habits of the population. In this new scenario, the Electro-Electronic Equipments (EEE) arise, increasingly demanded and at the same rate, discarded, and if not correctly disposed after its use, they can lead to environmental and human health problems. Therefore, understanding the current behavior of consumers regarding to Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) is essential to diagnose the difficulties of disposing the equipments after their lifespan and, at the same time, to propose corrective actions. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the behavior of the institutional consumer, especially private companies, in the city of Gravataí / RS in relation to the current problem of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment. The research was developed through an electronic form, with previously elaborated questions, sent to the electronic address of the companies that had active registration in the municipal managing agency. The selected study site was motivated because it is an important industrial center of Rio Grande do Sul, with a significant number of companies, operating in different branches of activities. A total of 48 responses was obtained, being the large majority from small companies (40%) and service providers (67%). Regarding to electronic waste management, most respondents (77%) reported knowing the risks associated with this type of waste, and 32 companies among the 48 respondents indicated that they generate WEEE in their dependencies, being fluorescent / Led lamps the most generated type of waste. In addition, the main disposal alternatives of EEE after their lifespan were questioned, obtaining storage as the main answer (25%). This survey was broken for some types of residues, such as cell phones and tablets, and the answers showed that most only store it (31%), followed by collection at collection points (19%) and resale (13%). Regarding the main difficulties of final destination, the lack of collection points (44%) and the lack of information about this type of waste (34%) were identified as the main problems. Also, most companies reported knowing what the reverse logistics system is (22 of 32). Lastly, some considerations about different proposals to minimize the issue of institutional WEEE disposal were made, presenting the deposit-refund system as an economic and environmental instrument, in which consumers have an incentive to return used products and receive financial reimbursement. In addition to this system, companies that operate in the electronic waste recycling sector earning economic gains can collaborate with the final destination of the WEEE generated in the companies of the city.

The target and aim of this diploma thesis was the optimization of the waste management reverse logistics system in the framework of FAST Kovošrot, Ltd. as a provider of waste management services. It is a company engaged in the purchase, processing and subsequent sale of metal waste mainly on the territory of the South Bohemian Region and Vysočina. It is therefore obvious that reverse logistics is the mainstay of almost all the company's activities. As part of the study of the backlog logistics flows of the selected company, the necessary amount of information and data was obtained for the subsequent optimization of the system. All data was obtained through managed interviews, direct attendance observation, and the study of available in-house statements. On the basis of such documents, the area of data exchange was designated as an area with potential for streamlining the overall process and introducing an electronic communication system. A thorough study of the current communication system between the business and its business partners was followed by which the individual data and values were sorted out. It has been found that the company uses classical data exchange, type of invoices and orders, that is, their receipt and distribution in paper form, which results in individual costs of postage, printing and others, as explained in the practical part of the thesis. At present, it is a rather outdated and ineffective system that can be innovated in spending. As another area with potential for improvement in terms of logistics technology operation, RFID tagging has been selected. The implementation of this method would require an initial investment, but would mean a significant increase in the efficiency of the registration and order picking for the company. The third proposed option for improving the functioning of the company's reverse logistics is to modify existing containers that would be equipped with ultrasonic sensors to capture their capacity.

A popularização dos equipamentos eletroeletrônicos, como computadores, notebooks, telefones celulares levaram a um aumento exponencial na geração deste tipo de resíduo. Uma das principais preocupações deste fenômeno está relacionada às práticas de descarte destes equipamentos e aos possíveis impactos causados por eles no meio ambiente, em função da presença de produtos químicos, tóxicos e de metais pesados no seu interior. Por outro lado, os Resíduos de Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos (REEE) possuem metais preciosos que justificam sua reciclagem e ainda contribuem para a redução da exploração dos recursos naturais. Inserido neste contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar as consequências ambientais, sociais e econômicas decorrentes das práticas organizacionais de descarte, coleta, segregação, remanufatura e envio para destinação final dos REEE. Além disso, a pesquisa tem como objetivos específicos mapear a cadeia reversa dos REEE, identificar as limitações e as oportunidades presentes nesta cadeia reversa e, com base nestes resultados, propor sugestões de políticas públicas baseadas nos conceitos de Intersetorialidade. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, foi realizado um estudo de múltiplos casos na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre com três organizações usuárias de equipamentos eletrônicos; quatro organizações que realizam a coleta, segregação, remanufatura e o envio para destino final dos REEE; quatro órgãos públicos relacionados diretamente com a gestão deste tipo de resíduo, além de entrevistas com especialistas em Logística Reversa e REEE e Pesquisadores na área de reciclagem de REEE. Os dados foram coletados, principalmente, com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os gestores e responsáveis pelos REEE destas organizações. Estes dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo e à triangulação. Inicialmente, os resultados possibilitaram a elaboração de um Framework da cadeia reversa dos REEE. Em relação ao descarte de REEE dos usuários organizacionais, foram verificadas práticas que têm objetivos econômicos, via comercialização dos REEE. Também foram verificadas práticas de descarte de usuários organizacionais de descarte ambientalmente certificado com foco em reciclagem, motivadas principalmente, por pressões de mercado. Em relação às organizações que realizam a coleta dos REEE, destacam-se as práticas de remanufatura que propiciam a inclusão digital e a inserção profissional de jovens com vulnerabilidade social no mercado de trabalho. Sobre o descarte, os resultados apresentam práticas de descarte incorreto de Tubos de Imagem CRT, o que pode representar possíveis impactos ambientais decorrentes destas atitudes. No que se refere às principais oportunidades desta cadeia reversa estão as perspectivas de crescimento do segmento, em decorrência do acréscimo das vendas dos equipamentos eletroeletrônicos, e sobre as limitações, existe um consenso entre os entrevistados sobre a falta de conhecimento, de informação e de consciência dos usuários sobre os REEE, e isto acaba reduzindo as quantidades de REEE que ingressam na cadeia reversa. Em relação à Intersetorialidade, embora tenham sido constadas ações Intersetoriais envolvendo diferentes órgãos públicos e organizações da iniciativa privada focadas na gestão dos REEE, essas políticas públicas acabam não sendo efetivas por não atenderem plenamente às necessidades dos usuários e, dessa forma, a pesquisa faz sugestões de subsídios de políticas públicas para a gestão dos REEE. / The popularization of electronic equipment – such as computers, notebooks, mobile phones – has led to an exponential production growth of this type of waste. One of the major concerns about this phenomenon is related to equipment dispose practices and possible impacts caused by its discharge in the environment as a result of the existence of chemical and toxic heavy metal products in their structure. On the other hand, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) has precious metals which justify recycling and also contributes to the reduction of natural resources exploitation. Within this context, this research aims at analyzing the environmental, social and economic organizational practices arising from disposal, collection, segregation, remanufacturing and sent for final disposal of WEEE. In addition, this research aims to map the specific reverse chain of WEEE, identify constraints and opportunities present in this reverse chain, based on these findings, propose suggestions for public policies based on the concepts of Intersectorality. In order to obtain such data a multiple cases in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre with three organizations that use electronic equipment, four organizations that perform the collection, segregation, remanufacturing and send it to the final destination of WEEE; four public agencies directly related with this type of waste management, as well as interviews with experts in Reverse Logistics and WEEE and researchers in the field of recycling of WEEE. Data were collected mainly with semi-structured interviews with managers and those organizations responsible for WEEE. These data were submitted to content analysis and triangulation. Initially, it was possible to draw up a Framework of the reverse chain of WEEE. Regarding the disposal of WEEE from users organizational practices that have been verified economic goals via marketing of WEEE. Were also checked disposal practices of organizational users discard environmentally certified with a focus on recycling, driven mainly by market pressures. In relation to organizations that perform the collection of WEEE, there are the remanufacturing practices that provide digital inclusion and employability of young people with social vulnerability in the labor market. In relation to the disposal, the results showed incorrect disposal practices CRT picture tubes, which may represent potential environmental impacts of these practices incorrect disposal. Regarding the main opportunities reverse this chain are the growth prospects of the segment, due to increased sales of electronic equipment, and about the limitations, there is a consensus among respondents about the lack of knowledge, information and awareness of users of WEEE, and it ends up reducing the quantities of WEEE entering the reverse chain. Regarding Intersectorial, although they were checked Intersectoriality action involving different government agencies and private organizations focused on the management of WEEE, these policies end up not being effective because they do not fully meet the needs of users and thus makes research suggestions subsidy of public policies for the management of WEEE.

A logística reversa de embalagem (LRE) e o design orientado ao território (DT) são abordagens com ênfases diferentes, mas que possuem características que se complementam. A embalagem, por exemplo, surge como uma estratégia com o potencial de comunicação do território e de sustentabilidade ambiental, premissas do DT, através da logística reversa. Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo propor diretrizes e práticas para integração entre essas duas abordagens, LRE e DT. Utilizou-se como unidade de análise um processo de produção orgânica. O método adotado foi a pesquisa-ação, contendo atividades como: (i) revisão de literatura sistematizada para identificação e análise de conceitos, diretrizes, objetivos e ações que permitisse a integração entre a LRE e o DT; (ii) identificação de oportunidades de LRE no contexto do DT a partir do mapeamento de um processo e da sugestão de ferramentas como o blueprint, o Service Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (SFMEA) e a matriz SWOT; (iii) testar as diretrizes de integração propostas em um projeto de embalagens. Dentre os principais resultados do trabalho estão a apresentação de um conjunto de diretrizes norteadoras de LRE em projetos de DT; um diagnóstico de oportunidade de LRE em um projeto de DT, no caso o dos produtores de hortaliças orgânicas; proposição de uma ferramenta para avaliação da integração entre as abordagens e o grau de formalismo presente no planejamento e na gestão da LRE, denominada RADAR DT-LRE; o replanejamento do sistema logístico e o projeto de embalagens; e a aplicação da ferramenta RADAR DT-LRE. Constatou-se que as diretrizes, objetivos e ações integradas entre LRE e DT nortearam de forma satisfatória o sistema de LRE e o projeto das embalagens no caso investigado, apresentando melhorias em relação seu ao estado inicial. As diretrizes com destaque foram: proteção e perpetuação da identidade e do patrimônio, desenvolvimento econômico, redução do impacto ambiental; melhoria da imagem da empresa/negócio e, em menor grau, infraestrutura de suporte ao sistema de logística reversa de embalagens. / The packaging reverse logistics (PRL) and the territorial design (TD) are approaches with different emphases, but that have characteristics that complement each other. The packaging, for example, appears as a strategy with the potential for territory communication and environmental sustainability - assumptions of TD - through reverse logistics. The main of this work is to propose guidelines and practices for integration between the two approaches, PRL and TD. A process of organic production was used as the analysis unit. The method adopted was the action research, containing activities such as: (i) systematic literature review to identify and analyze concepts, guidelines, objectives and actions that allow integration between the PRL and TD; (ii) identification of opportunities for PRL in the context of TD, from a process mapping and suggestion of tools such as blueprint, Service Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (SFMEA) SWOT matrix; and (iii) testing the integration guidelines proposed in a packaging project. The main results of the work are: presenting a set of guidelines for PRL in TD projects; a diagnosis of a opportunity of PRL in a TD project; proposal of a tool to evaluate the level of integration between the two approaches and the degree of formality present in the planning and in the management of PRL, called Radar TD-PRL; redesign of the logistics system and packaging design, and implementation of the tool RADAR TD-PRL. It was found that the guidelines, objectives and integrated actions between PRL and TD guided satisfactorily the PRL system and the packaging design in the investigated case, showing improvements compared to its initial state. The featured guidelines are: protection and perpetuation of identity and heritage, economic development, reduced environmental impact, improving the company's image / business, and, to a lesser extent, infrastructure support system for PRL.

Novas tecnologias vêm sendo constantemente desenvolvidos pelo mundo, alterando os hábitos de consumo da população. Neste novo cenário, surgem os Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos (EEE), cada vez mais demandados e ao mesmo tempo descartados, que se não destinados corretamente ao fim de seu uso, podem acarretar em problemas a saúde humana e ao meio ambiente. Dessa forma, entender como está o atual comportamento do consumidor em relação aos Resíduos de Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos (REEE) é primordial para diagnosticar as dificuldades de descarte dos equipamentos após o fim da vida útil e ao mesmo tempo propor ações corretivas. Assim, o presente trabalho buscou avaliar o comportamento do consumidor institucional, especialmente de empresas privadas, no município de Gravataí/RS frente a problemática atual dos Resíduos de Equipamentos Eletroeletrônicos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de um formulário eletrônico, com questões previamente elaboradas, sendo enviado para o endereço eletrônico das empresas que tinham cadastro ativo junto ao órgão gestor municipal. O local de estudo selecionado foi motivado por ser um importante polo industrial do Rio Grande de Sul, com um número considerável de empresas, atuando em diferentes ramos de atividades. Foram obtidos um total de 48 respostas, sendo a grande maioria de empresas pequeno porte (40) e do ramo de atuação em prestação de serviços (67%). Em relação a gestão dos resíduos eletroeletrônicos, a maioria das empresas respondentes (77%) afirmaram conhecer os riscos associados a este tipo de resíduo e 32 empresas entre as 48 respondentes assinalaram que geram REEE em suas dependências, sendo as lâmpadas fluorescente/Led o tipo de resíduo mais gerado. Além disso, foi questionado quais as principais atitudes de descarte dos EEE no final de sua vida útil, obtendo como principal resposta armazenamento (25 %). Este questionamento foi discriminado para alguns tipos de resíduos, como celulares e tablets, e as respostas mostraram que a maioria deixa somente armazenado (31%), seguido por descarte em pontos de coleta (19%) e revenda (13%). Em relação as principais dificuldades de destinação final, a falta de pontos de coleta (44 %) e a existência de pouca informação a respeito deste tipo de resíduo (34%), foram apontadas como os principais problemas. Também, a maioria das empresas afirmou conhecer o que é o sistema de logística reversa (22 de 32). Por fim, fez-se algumas considerações sobre diferentes propostas para minimizar a questão do descarte dos REEE institucionais, apresentando o sistema depósitoreembolso como instrumento econômico e ambiental, em que os consumidores têm um incentivo para devolver produtos usados e receber reembolso financeiro. Além deste sistema, as próprias empresas que atuam no ramo de reciclagem de resíduos eletrônicos obtendo ganhos econômicos podem colaborar com a destinação final dos REEE gerados nas empresas do município. / New technologies are being constantly developed around the world, changing the consumption habits of the population. In this new scenario, the Electro-Electronic Equipments (EEE) arise, increasingly demanded and at the same rate, discarded, and if not correctly disposed after its use, they can lead to environmental and human health problems. Therefore, understanding the current behavior of consumers regarding to Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) is essential to diagnose the difficulties of disposing the equipments after their lifespan and, at the same time, to propose corrective actions. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the behavior of the institutional consumer, especially private companies, in the city of Gravataí / RS in relation to the current problem of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment. The research was developed through an electronic form, with previously elaborated questions, sent to the electronic address of the companies that had active registration in the municipal managing agency. The selected study site was motivated because it is an important industrial center of Rio Grande do Sul, with a significant number of companies, operating in different branches of activities. A total of 48 responses was obtained, being the large majority from small companies (40%) and service providers (67%). Regarding to electronic waste management, most respondents (77%) reported knowing the risks associated with this type of waste, and 32 companies among the 48 respondents indicated that they generate WEEE in their dependencies, being fluorescent / Led lamps the most generated type of waste. In addition, the main disposal alternatives of EEE after their lifespan were questioned, obtaining storage as the main answer (25%). This survey was broken for some types of residues, such as cell phones and tablets, and the answers showed that most only store it (31%), followed by collection at collection points (19%) and resale (13%). Regarding the main difficulties of final destination, the lack of collection points (44%) and the lack of information about this type of waste (34%) were identified as the main problems. Also, most companies reported knowing what the reverse logistics system is (22 of 32). Lastly, some considerations about different proposals to minimize the issue of institutional WEEE disposal were made, presenting the deposit-refund system as an economic and environmental instrument, in which consumers have an incentive to return used products and receive financial reimbursement. In addition to this system, companies that operate in the electronic waste recycling sector earning economic gains can collaborate with the final destination of the WEEE generated in the companies of the city.

In this thesis we discusses the problem of waste management, which means the gathering, concentration, collection, purchase, sorting, transport, storage, treatment, recovery and disposal of waste, of course. This work actually focuses on the management of waste paper. This issue was also deals with waste management the reverse logistics.