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A rights perspective on the global trade in rhino hornBowles, Warren Alan 04 June 2014 (has links)
LL.M. (Human Rights Law) / Figures released recently by the South African Department of Environmental Affairs indicate that rhino are being poached in South Africa at an alarmingly high rate, meaning that they are being used like a never-ending commercial resource. It has been debated in South Africa that, if legal trade in rhino horn were to be introduced, it may be a solution to curbing rhino poaching. There are animal rights views that condemn the use and exploitation of nonhuman animals for the financial gain of human beings, one of the foremost rights views being that of Tom Regan. In his view, he proposes ways in which nonhuman animals can be perceived as more than just commercial resources. He elaborates on how nonhuman animals can be regarded as beings in their own right with a unique value that entitles them to respectful treatment and, at the very least, protection from harm and cruel treatment. Analyses and arguments made in this dissertation are not rooted in what the economic consequences of having trade in rhino horn would be. They are rooted in morality and in law to demonstrate why trade should be seen as a solution that is a last resort to curbing rhino poaching. The first chapter of this dissertation concerns itself with unpacking the central tenets and principles of Regan’s rights view in the context of how nonhuman animals can be regarded as beings rather than resources. The second chapter provides an analysis of approaches in environmental ethics that are relevant for preserving the rhino for future generations and how this could be achieved with reference to Regan’s rights view. The third chapter deals with the application of Regan’s rights view to legal and illegal trade in rhino horn. This will also include evaluation of plausible methods for securing rhino horn that are available in the event that legal trade in rhino horn is accepted as a solution to the current rhino poaching situation in South Africa.
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Rhinonomics: a biodiversity center in the cradle of human kind in support of a legalised rhino horn tradeMcCormack, Duane Allan 07 October 2014 (has links)
A fading legacy
Through the intensive investigation of the rhino trade, the thesis proposes the development of a biodiversity center to serve as a research, education, training and enforcement facility which will support a legalized rhino horn trade. The relationship between architecture and nature. In so doing, it questions whether architecture can effectively facilitate the conservation of our spectacular wildlife through and ecological approach to brief, site and context. The thesis promotes and architecture that is respectful of its natural surroundings. An architecture that provides occupants with facilities that are conducive to the conservation of endangered species.
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Defending an icon: the Matsulu Centre for Rhino DefenseBosman, Ruan January 2017 (has links)
Thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Architecture (Professional) to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, School of Architecture and Planning at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2017 / In light of an increasing scientific and
social focus on unsustainable human
practices, mankind’s dominant relationship
with the natural world is now
being challenged. Few phenomena
demonstrate this destructive relationship
better than the growing number
of animals being driven to extinction
through human actions. The most
notable of these, within the South
African context, is the devastation of
rhinoceros populations caused by
illegal poaching, particularly in the
Kruger National Park. In dealing with
this issue, we have a unique opportunity
to embody and catalyse a sustainable
paradigm shift.
Such a shift would seek to transition
mankind into a symbiotic rather than
parasitic relationship with the natural
world. It would promote the use of
cutting edge technologies for the
benefit both human and non-human
actors, breaking down the separation
between man and nature. The resultant
hybridised ecosystem would stand as
an exemplary manifestation of the
long theorised ‘cyborg’ entity, not as
individual, but as a new form of habitat
and, ultimately, societal organisation.
Contextualising such a ‘Cyborgian
Nexus’ as a solution to the scourge of
rhino poaching is the chief subject of
this research report.
The Matsulu Centre for Rhino Defense
is proposed as a Connected Conservation
Centre in the disadvantaged
Matsulu community, bordering the
Kruger National Park. Its aim is to be
the heart of a sophisticated system of
cutting edge technologies which allow
park rangers to overcome the poaching
threat. Through its program as well as
its architecture, the project aims to
become a recognizable icon of a new
relationship between man and nature.
One in which human innovation allows
for the natural world and the human
world to coexist sustainably to the
mutual benefit of both. / GR2017
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The viability of legalising international trade in Rhino horn and the possible effect on Rhino poaching in South AfricaDe Beer, Willem 02 1900 (has links)
The existence of the rhino is under serious threat. South Africa has experienced a dramatic increase in rhino poaching since 2008. With the current trend of poaching, rhino in South Africa will soon become extinct. The current strategies to protect rhino have proved to be ineffective. The common view is that rhino poaching is morally wrong, and associated with greed and evil intentions and that rhino poaching must be stopped; however, there are two schools of thought regarding two main approaches (in association with current strategies) to be used in order to stop or limit poaching. The first school of thought supports the CITES ban on international trade in rhino horn, and believes that rhino poaching can only be stopped by eliminating demand (the “conventional approach”). The second school of thought is in favour of the legalisation of international trade, and argues that any solutions to the rhino poaching problem must address the underlying economic forces. This is called the sustainable approach.
The research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the ban on international trade in rhino horn, as well as the viability of legalising international trade. The effectiveness of the current strategies was also investigated. A qualitative research design was used, and eighteen participants were selected in order to obtain information by means of semi-structured interviews and questionnaires.The first school of thought supports the CITES ban on international trade in rhino horn, and believes that rhino poaching can only be stopped by eliminating demand (the “conventional approach”). The second school of thought is in favour of the legalisation of international trade, and argues that any solutions to the rhino poaching problem must address the underlying economic forces. This is called the sustainable approach. The research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the ban on international trade in rhino horn, as well as the viability of legalising international trade. The effectiveness of the current strategies was also investigated. A qualitative research design was used, and eighteen participants were selected in order to obtain information by means of semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. A literature review was also conducted, for the purpose of evaluating the responses of participants, and also for the purpose of validity and reliability.
The findings indicated that the scales tip in favor of a well-managed, legalized trade, inter alia, to make funds available to rhino owners, rhino custodians and the government, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to reduce the reward and increase the risk to the poacher. Findings also indicated that a legalized trade cannot be implemented in isolation; it goes hand in hand with increased security and improved law enforcement, while strategies such as dehorning and translocation still have a role to play. Finally, findings also indicated that communities need to be involved in the sustainable use approach. These communities are currently excluded from the benefits derived from the neighboring protected areas, thereby making them susceptible to being recruited as poachers. / Environmental Sciences / Ph. D. (Environmental Management)
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Understanding the attitudes and perceptions of South African residents towards anti-rhino poaching initiatives : a study in Bloemfontein, Free State province, South AfricaGyimah, Issah 12 1900 (has links)
This dissertation reports on the findings of a study conducted in order to understand the impact of the attitudes and perceptions of some residents in Bloemfontein, towards rhino poaching and anti-rhino poaching initiatives in South Africa. Prominent theoretical models, such as the theory of reasoned action (TRA), the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), the decomposed theory of planned behaviour (DTPB), and the Rosenberg and Hovland Tripartite model of attitudes and perceptions, were used to help understand Bloemfontein residents’ attitudes and perceptions towards rhino poaching and anti-rhino poaching ini-tiatives in South Africa.
Data was collected from residents in areas such as the Central University of Technology, the University of the Free State, the Waterfront Mall and the Mimosa Mall, respectively. A total of 252 usable responses were obtained, and the sta-tistical package for social sciences (SPSS) as well as a descriptive statistical instrument, were used to analyse the data.
The findings of the study revealed that residents’ attitudes and perceptions to-wards rhino poaching and anti-rhino poaching initiatives contribute significantlytowards their intentions to act positively or negatively in curbing or reducing rhino poaching crime in South Africa. The research findings also showed that while there are differences in attitudes and perceptions between residents across different demographic groups, demographic factors alone are weak predictors of residents’ attitudes and perceptions towards rhino poaching.
The study found that perceived trust, practical approaches, intentions to act and effective community involvement significantly contribute to residents’ positive attitudes and perceptions towards anti-rhino poaching initiatives in South Africa. The implications of other factors such as corruption, economic challenges, willingness of the authorities to act, and the heightened demand for rhino horn trade, have been discussed, and suggestions for future research are made. / Environmental Sciences / M.A. (Environmental Management)
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