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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

A systems-wide comparison of red rice (Oryza longistaminata) tissues identifies rhizome specific genes and proteins that are targets for cultivated rice improvement

He, Ruifeng, Salvato, Fernanda, Park, Jeong-Jin, Kim, Min-Jeong, Nelson, William, Balbuena, Tiago, Willer, Mark, Crow, John, May, Greg, Soderlund, Carol, Thelen, Jay, Gang, David January 2014 (has links)
BACKGROUND:The rhizome, the original stem of land plants, enables species to invade new territory and is a critical component of perenniality, especially in grasses. Red rice (Oryza longistaminata) is a perennial wild rice species with many valuable traits that could be used to improve cultivated rice cultivars, including rhizomatousness, disease resistance and drought tolerance. Despite these features, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that contribute to rhizome growth, development and function in this plant.RESULTS:We used an integrated approach to compare the transcriptome, proteome and metabolome of the rhizome to other tissues of red rice. 116 Gb of transcriptome sequence was obtained from various tissues and used to identify rhizome-specific and preferentially expressed genes, including transcription factors and hormone metabolism and stress response-related genes. Proteomics and metabolomics approaches identified 41 proteins and more than 100 primary metabolites and plant hormones with rhizome preferential accumulation. Of particular interest was the identification of a large number of gene transcripts from Magnaportha oryzae, the fungus that causes rice blast disease in cultivated rice, even though the red rice plants showed no sign of disease.CONCLUSIONS:A significant set of genes, proteins and metabolites appear to be specifically or preferentially expressed in the rhizome of O. longistaminata. The presence of M. oryzae gene transcripts at a high level in apparently healthy plants suggests that red rice is resistant to this pathogen, and may be able to provide genes to cultivated rice that will enable resistance to rice blast disease.
12

Identificação da compatibilidade, sexualidade, fertilidade e avirulência em populações de Magnaporthe oryzae, de lavouras de arroz brasileiras / Mating type, sexuality, fertility and avirulence identification of Magnaporthe oryzae from rice fields in Brazil

Peixoto, Lorena Ferreira 15 August 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-01-13T17:55:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lorena Ferreira Peixoto - 2014.pdf: 2832669 bytes, checksum: ed2f415262daf1618ecdf785ad9bfb22 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-01-16T10:48:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lorena Ferreira Peixoto - 2014.pdf: 2832669 bytes, checksum: ed2f415262daf1618ecdf785ad9bfb22 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-16T10:48:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lorena Ferreira Peixoto - 2014.pdf: 2832669 bytes, checksum: ed2f415262daf1618ecdf785ad9bfb22 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-15 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / Rice is a worldwide cultivated and consumed grain, playing an important role on the diet of half of the world’s population. Several losses in production and grain quality have been reported due to biotic factors, such as rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, which is the major disease in rice crops. One of the most effective ways to control this disease is the use of resistant cultivars. However, the high genetic variability of the pathogen results in a rapid resistance loss. The discovery of highly fertile, hermaphrodites individuals outside of the rice center of origin, suggests that sexual reproduction may contribute to this genetic variability, which influences the appropriate control strategies. M. oryzae reproduction studies begins with the determination of mating types, controlled by two idiomorphic genes (MAT1-1 e MAT1-2), along with the sexuality (hermaphrodite, female or male) and fertility (number of perithecia). Another important approach under investigation for this crop is the detection of avirulence genes from M. oryzae, to understand the pathogen variability. Our study focused on the investigation of MAT1-1 or MAT1-2 genes, and the presence of the avirulence gene AVR1-CO39in field isolates collected from all rice production regions from Brazil. Sexuality and fertility were also characterized. 208 selected isolates were cultivated in PDA medium and the fungus mycelia were used for DNA extraction and PCR detection of the above-mentioned genes. For the sexual characterization, 106 field isolates were paired in Petri dishes containing rice bran medium with two reference isolates: KA-3 (MAT1-1) and GUY11 (MAT1-2), known worldwide for their mating type and high fertility. The AVR1-CO39 gene was only detected in two field isolates. One of them was able to infect the rice cultivar CO39, which has the resistance gene Pi-CO39(t). A mutation on AVR1-CO39 gene could impair the recognition of its effector by Pi-CO39(t) protein. Only one mating type (MAT1-2) was observed on the 208 field isolates. It was also observed that, among the 106 analyzed isolates, one (0,94%) was identified as a female; three (2,8%) as hermaphrodite, 62 (57,9%) as male; and 41 (38,3%) were not determined, considered infertile. We also observed the formation of perithecia inside of rice leaves. Despite the predominance of one mating type among rice field isolates, there is a possibility that sexual reproduction may occur as the other idiomorphic gene (MAT1-1) is present on field isolates collected from other Poaceae. The identification of highly fertile hermaphrodites and fertile-female individuals in this study also highlight this possibility. / O arroz é cultivado e consumido em todos os continentes, desempenhando um importante papel na dieta de mais da metade da população mundial. O seu cultivo vem sofrendo perdas na produção e na qualidade de grãos, devido a fatores bióticos como a brusone, causada pelo fungo Magnaporthe oryzae, que é a principal doença da cultura do arroz, representando uma ameaça à segurança alimentar mundial. O uso de cultivares resistentes é considerado o método mais efetivo para o controle da doença, porém, a alta variabilidade do patógeno resulta em uma rápida suplantação da resistência. Com a descoberta de isolados de alta fertilidade, hermafroditas, fora do centro de origem do arroz, sugere-se que a reprodução sexuada possa estar contribuindo para esta variabilidade genética, o que consequentemente influencia as estratégias apropriadas de controle. O estudo da reprodução sexuada em M. oryzae inicia-se com a definição dos tipos compatíveis, característica controlada pelo gene mating type com dois idiomorfos (MAT1-1 e MAT1-2); além das características como sexualidade (hermafrodita, fêmea ou macho) e fertilidade (número de peritécios). Outra abordagem de grande importância para a cultura é a detecção de genes de avirulência de M. oryzae, visando estudos de sua variabilidade. Dessa forma, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a presença dos genes MAT1-1 ou MAT1-2, e do gene de avirulência AVR1-CO39, em isolados coletados em todas as regiões produtoras de arroz do Brasil, além de caracterizá-los quanto à sexualidade e fertilidade. Foram selecionados 208 isolados que forma cultivados em BDA e seus micélios utilizados para extração de DNA e detecção dos genes citados. Para a caracterização sexual, 106 isolados de campo foram pareados em placa de Petri, contendo meio de farelo de arroz, com dois isolados: KA-3 (MAT1-1) e GUY11 (MAT1-2), os quais apresentam mating types e alta fertilidade, conhecidos mundialmente. O gene AVR1-CO39 foi detectado em apenas dois isolados, e um deles é patogênico à cultivar CO39, portadora do gene de resistência Pi-CO39(t), levantando a possibilidade de que uma mutação possa ter ocorrido, como deleção, o que impossibilita o reconhecimento do efetor pela proteína do gene Pi-CO39(t). Apenas um tipo compatível (MAT1-2) foi observado nos 208 isolados de campo. Foi observado também que, entre os 106 isolados analisados, um (0,94%), foi identificado como fêmea; três (2,8%), como hermafroditas; 62 (57,9%), como machos; e 41 (38,3%), como não determinados, sendo considerados inférteis. Observou-se também a formação de peritécios no interior da folha de arroz. Apesar do predomínio de um mating type, entre os isolados do arroz, há a possibilidade de ocorrência da reprodução sexuada, devido à presença do outro idiomorfo (MAT1-1) em isolados coletados de outras gramíneas, juntamente com a presença de hermafroditas e da fêmea-fértil, com alta fertilidade, de isolados MAT1-2 identificados nesse trabalho.
13

Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants unable to convert ricinoleic acid into 7,10,12-Trihydroxy-8(E)-Octadecenoic acid (TOD) and a survey of the biological activity of TOD

Hatchett, Taylor Boozer, Lawrence, Katheryn Kay Scott, January 2009 (has links)
Thesis--Auburn University, 2009. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-71).
14

Identification of genes involved in the production of a novel antifungal agent (7, 10, 12-trihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Cofield, Jessica, Suh, Sang-Jin, January 2009 (has links)
Thesis--Auburn University, 2009. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 78-88).
15

Detecção de Magnaporthe oryzae em sementes de arroz por meio da técnica LAMP (amplificação isotérmica de ácidos nucleicos) / Detection of Magnaporthe oryzae in rice seeds by LAMP technique (nucleic acid amplification isothermal)

Teixeira, Nara Cristina 16 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-08T10:14:33Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Nara Cristina Teixeira - 2016.pdf: 2553556 bytes, checksum: 4d26487aa9084ba304be81c862eb3ec0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-08T10:14:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Nara Cristina Teixeira - 2016.pdf: 2553556 bytes, checksum: 4d26487aa9084ba304be81c862eb3ec0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-08T10:14:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Nara Cristina Teixeira - 2016.pdf: 2553556 bytes, checksum: 4d26487aa9084ba304be81c862eb3ec0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Considered the most destructive disease of rice (Oryza sativa), the blast caused by the fungus M. oryzae is of concern worldwide. Because the pathogen staying power in the soil and crop residues for long and indeterminate periods is essential monitoring before the pathogen's entry into new areas, due to the commitment of nearby plantations. The seeds are considered the main ways of spread of disease due to storage, transportation and introduction into harmless areas. The methodology currently recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture for fungi monitoring seed is the "Blotter test", however, the morphological characterization can often be uncertain due to the rapid growth of fungal invasion and the similarity between structures of some pathogens. Morphologically M. oryzae can be indistinguishable from some species, such as the causal agent of rice blast wheat and other grasses therefore the most adequate way for safe diagnosis is the molecular detection. In seeds percentage infestation is often low, which is nevertheless important because the seed of transmission capacity for the seedling, however small conidia concentrations may be insufficient for the molecular detection by techniques potentially used as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Technically a methodology for molecular amplification isothermal LAMP (Loop- Mediated Isothermal Amplification) simpler recently been developed, which allows to safely identify the target, due to the projection of specific primers based on exclusive regions of the genome of the organism. The technique has advantages as high sensitivity due to the recognition by the initiators of six regions of the target, in addition to specificity, speed and security in the diagnosis. It is important to consider the cost reduction compared with PCR, due to use of constant temperature and straightforward interpretation of results using turbidity generated in positive samples or color change if the addition of dyes, eliminating the use of devices, specialized professionals in handling high standard laboratories. The interpretation the results with the naked eye makes the seed control in environments such as laboratories, warehouses, cooperatives with minimal structure, reflecting positively on the proper targeting of lots, either for planting, consumption or disposal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to survey the main potentially destructive pathogenic fungi found in seeds, and develop a rapid detection kit by LAMP methodology for M. oryzae. / Considerada a doença mais destrutiva do arroz (Oryza sativa), a Brusone, causada pelo fungo Magnaporthe. oryzae é motivo de preocupação no mundo todo. Devido a capacidade de permanência do patógeno no solo e em restos culturais por longos e indeterminados períodos é essencial o monitoramento perante a entrada do patógeno em novas áreas, em razão do comprometimento dos próximos plantios. As sementes são consideradas as principais formas de disseminação da doença devido à capacidade de armazenamento, transporte e introdução em áreas indenes. A metodologia atualmente recomendada pelo Ministério da Agricultura para monitoramento de fungos em sementes é o “Blotter test”, entretanto, a caracterização morfológicapode muitas vezes ser incerta devido à invasão de fungos de crescimento rápido e a semelhança entre estruturas de alguns patógenos. Morfologicamente M. oryzae pode ser indistinguível de algumas espécies, como é o caso do agente causal da brusone de diversas gramíneas, portanto, a maneira mais adequada para diagnose segura é a detecção molecular. Em sementes, a porcentagem de infestação muitas vezes é baixa, o que não deixa de ser importante devido a capacidade de transmissibilidade da semente para a plântula, no entanto as pequenas concentrações de conídios podem ser insuficientes para a detecção molecular, por meio de técnicas potencialmente utilizadas como a PCR (Reação Polimerase em Cadeia). Tecnicamente mais simples, recentemente foi desenvolvida uma metodologia de amplificação molecular isotérmica LAMP (Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification), que permite identificar de forma segura o alvo, em decorrência da projeção de iniciadores específicos, baseados em regiões exclusivas do genoma do organismo. A técnica apresenta vantagens como, alta sensibilidade devido ao reconhecimento pelos iniciadores de seis regiões do alvo, além da especificidade, agilidade e segurança no diagnostico. È importante considerar a redução de custos em comparação com a PCR, devido ao uso de temperaturas constantes, e interpretação direta dos resultados por meio da turbidez gerada em amostras positivas, ou mudança de coloração no caso da adição de corantes, dispensando o uso de aparelhos, profissionais especializados e manuseio em laboratórios de alto padrão. A intepretação dos resultados a olhos nus facilita o controle de sementes em ambientes como laboratórios, armazéns, cooperativas com estrutura mínima, refletindo positivamente sobre o direcionamento adequado de lotes, seja para o plantio, consumo ou descarte. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o levantamento dos principais fungos patogênicos potencialmente destrutivos encontrados em sementes, e desenvolver um kit de detecção rápida por meio da metodologia LAMP para M. oryzae.
16

Mapping QTL controlling durable resistance to rice blast in the cultivar Oryzica Llanos 5

Lopez-Gerena, Jershon January 1900 (has links)
Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Plant Pathology / Scot H. Hulbert / The rice cultivar Oryzica Llanos 5 (OL5) possesses a high level of resistance to the fungus Magnaporthe grisea. The number and chromosomal location of quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring resistance against eight isolates of the blast fungus were tested in two different populations of recombinant inbred lines from the cross Fanny x OL5. Twenty one QTL were detected and associated with the resistance traits, disease leaf area and lesion type, on 9 rice chromosomes. Eight of these 21 resistance loci had significant resistance effects in both experiments, while the others had effects that were only statistically significant in one experiment. Most, but not all, of the QTL occurred in the same genomic regions as either genes with major race-specific effects or other resistance QTL that had been described in previous experiments. Most of the QTL appeared to be race-specific in their effects but it is possible some of the QTL with smaller effects were nonspecific. One of the blast isolates used was FL440, which causes limited disease on OL5 and was probably virulent on most or all of the major genes from OL5. Three QTL affected resistance to FL440 in both experiments, one of which mapped to a region on chromosome 9 where no blast resistance genes have yet been mapped. An advanced backcross strategy with marker-assisted selection for OL5 alleles in QTL regions was used to generate five BC2F3 populations carrying five different target regions associated with partial resistance to rice blast disease. Three of five of these populations were analyzed for segregation for resistance to the M. grisea isolate FL440. One QTL designated qrbr-11.3 near the bottom of rice chromosome 11 was found to be significantly associated with partial blast resistance in 120 lines of a BC2F3 population (P< 0.01). This QTL accounted for 12.4% and 8.0% of the phenotypic variation in diseased leaf area and lesion type observed under greenhouse inoculation. Examination of the genomic sequence at the qrbr-11.3 locus showed that twenty-nine candidate resistance genes are present at that locus (~1.8 Mb), twenty-seven of which are predicted NBS-LRR genes. Ultimately, the information from this study can be integrated into the development of improved lines with OL5-derived QTL for resistance.
17

Genetic dissection of resistance of two rice cultivars against blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae / イネ2系統が保有するいもち病抵抗性の遺伝学的解析

BASAVARAJ 23 March 2023 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第24680号 / 農博第2563号 / 新制||農||1100(附属図書館) / 学位論文||R5||N5461(農学部図書室) / 京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 寺内 良平, 教授 髙野 義孝, 教授 吉田 健太郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
18

Functional Characterization of Magnaporthe oryzae Effectors in the Infective Process of Rice

Burbano-Figueroa, Oscar 21 March 2011 (has links)
No description available.
19

The Role of Ubiquitination in the Interaction between Rice and Magnaporthe Oryzae

Park, Chan Ho 19 December 2011 (has links)
No description available.
20

Utilização de extrato padronizado e óleo essencial de rosmarinus officinalis l. (Lamiaceae) no controle da brusone (Magnaporthe oryzae) do arroz (Oryza sativa L. - Poaceae) / Use of standardized extract and essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) in the control of rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) in rice ( Oryza sativa L. - Poaceae)

Rodríguez, María del Carmen Herrera 24 February 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2018-06-29T18:22:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - María Del Carmen Herrera Rodríguez - 2015.pdf: 2633978 bytes, checksum: 50cc6428e70edbeab9f9c0307626bc30 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-07-03T15:05:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - María Del Carmen Herrera Rodríguez - 2015.pdf: 2633978 bytes, checksum: 50cc6428e70edbeab9f9c0307626bc30 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-03T15:05:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - María Del Carmen Herrera Rodríguez - 2015.pdf: 2633978 bytes, checksum: 50cc6428e70edbeab9f9c0307626bc30 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-24 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Fungicides consumption was increased in recent years for control of rice blast, causing various problems, such as increased production costs, the development of resistance to the pathogen, the presence of residues in foods. This leads to the need to develop new methods and strategies of control of the disease and the application of plant extracts and essential oils. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of standardized extract in rosmarinic acid and essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis on Magnaporthe oryzae. Were evaluated in vitro concentrations 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5 and 0 mg/mL of the concentrated extract 5, 4.5, 4, 3.5, 3, 2.5, 2, 1.5, 1, 0.5 and 0 μL/mL, of essential oil and 1.05, 0.945, 0.81, 0.735, 0.63, 0.525, 0.42, 0.315, 0.21, 0.105 and 0 mg/mL of rosmarinic acid on the mycelial growth Inhibition of germination, apressorium formation and the effect on the plasmatic membrane were performed in concentrations 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 5, 2.5 and 0 mg/mL of extract, 1.05, 0.84, 0.63, 0.42, 0.21, 0.105, 0.052 and 0 mg/mL of rosmarinic acid and 0.05, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02 and 0 μL/cm3 of essential oil. In vivo were tested concentrations 150, 100, 50 and 0 mg/mL of extract and 6.3, 4.2, 2.1 e 0 mg/mL of rosmarinic acid. The best concentrations that inhibited mycelial growth were 50, 45, 40 and 35 mg/mL and 5 4.5, 4 and 3.5 μL/mL of extract and essential oil, respectively, but rosmarinic acid had an inhibitory effect at the concentrations of 0.945 and 1.05 mg/mL. On the other hand, the concentrations of 40 and 50 mg/mL of the extract and the concentration of 0.21, 0.42, 0.63, 0.84 and 1.05 mg/mL rosmarinic acid and all the essential oil concentrations inhibited the germination and the formation of the apressorium 4, 6 and 24 hours without damaging the plasmatic membrane and cell wall of conidia of M. oryzae. In vivo, all treatments of extract reduced the severity of rice blast, with a optimal concentration of 150 mg/mL reducing above 90% of the disease, rosmarinic acid no showed inhibitory effect. / O consumo de fungicidas para o controle da brusone do arroz aumentou nos últimos anos, gerando vários inconvenientes, tais como aumento dos custos de produção, o desenvolvimento de resistência do patógeno e a presença de resíduos em alimentos. Isto leva à necessidade de desenvolver novos métodos e estratégias para o controle desta doença como o uso de extratos vegetais e óleos essenciais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar in vitro e in vivo a atividade antimicrobiana do extrato padronizado em ácido rosmarínico e do óleo essencial de Rosmarinus officinalis sobre Magnaporthe oryzae. O material vegetal foi caracterizado de acordo com a Farmacopeia Brasileira 5° edição. O óleo essencial foi obtido por hidrodestilação em aparelho de Clevenger e os constituintes foram identificados por Cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas. A quantificação do ácido rosmarínico no extrato foi realizada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) e a metodologia analítica foi validada. Os testes de atividade antimicrobiana foram realizados in vitro e in vivo, a partir de um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. In vitro foram avaliadas as concentrações de 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5 e 0 mg/mL do extrato concentrado, 5; 4,5; 4; 3,5; 3; 2,5; 2; 1,5; 1; 0,5 e 0 μL/mL do óleo essencial e 1,05; 0,945; 0,81; 0,735; 0,63; 0,525; 0,42; 0,315; 0,21; 0,105 e 0 mg/mL do ácido rosmarínico sobre o crescimento micelial. A inibição da germinação, formação do apressório e o efeito sobre a membrana plasmática foram realizados nas concentrações de 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 5, 2,5 e 0 mg/mL de extrato; 0,105; 0,84; 0,63; 0,42; 0,21; 0,105; 0,052 e 0 mg/mL do ácido rosmarínico e 0,05; 0,04; 0,03; 0,02 e 0 μL/cm3 de óleo essencial. In vivo foram testadas as concentrações de 150, 100, 50 e 0 mg/mL do extrato e 6,3; 4,2; 2,1 e 0 mg/mL do ácido rosmarínico. As melhores concentrações que inibiram o crescimento micelial foram 50, 45, 40 e 35 mg/mL e 5; 4,5; 4 e 3,5 μL/mL de extrato e de óleo essencial respectivamente, porém o ácido rosmarínico apresentou o efeito inibitório apenas nas concentrações de 0,945 e 1,05 mg/mL. Por outro lado, as concentrações de 40 e 50 mg/mL do extrato e as concentrações de 0,21; 0,42; 0,63; 0,84 e 1,05 mg/mL de ácido rosmarínico e todas as concentrações do óleo essencial inibiram a germinação e a formação do apressório as 4, 6 e 24 horas, sem contudo, causar dano a parede e membrana plasmática dos conídios de M. oryzae. In vivo, todos os tratamentos com extrato reduziram a severidade da brusone foliar, destacando-se 150 mg/mL, que reduziu em mais de 90% da área foliar afetada. O ácido rosmarínico não apresentou efeito inibitório da severidade da brusone foliar.

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