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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Terminalidade da vida e dignidade humana

Viana, Alice Pompeu 01 November 2014 (has links)
Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-08-20T18:35:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 21e.pdf: 842719 bytes, checksum: f885499467398d7aa85ae5191a1cd896 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-20T18:35:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 21e.pdf: 842719 bytes, checksum: f885499467398d7aa85ae5191a1cd896 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-01 / Nenhuma / Vida e morte são dois componentes de uma mesma fórmula. Contudo, jurídica e paradoxalmente, somente a vida é protegida. As preocupações sociais, filosóficas e jurídicas, quando da proteção do direito à vida - em especial, a fim de estabelecer o que vem a ser uma vida digna, de acordo com os moldes preconizados pelas normas programáticas que constam na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil - não refletem as mesmas preocupações, no que concerne ao direito de morrer dignamente. Os seres humanos são os únicos viventes que conseguem compreender e questionar a sua existência. Todavia, essa categoria diferenciada de seres, mesmo diante de tal condição, ainda não consegue assimilar e aceitar serenamente a única das certezas da vida: a morte. Ademais, é preciso depreender que vida e morte são dois processos que se complementam, pois sem a noção de um, não existiria a noção de outro. A vida representa uma prerrogativa protegida legalmente, pois, se de outro modo não fosse, não faria qualquer sentido a garantia de quaisquer direitos. A proteção do direito à vida abarca várias acepções, destacando-se, no presente trabalho, a necessidade de preservação da dignidade humana em seu decorrer, como princípio esculpido na Constituição Federal Brasileira, que o posiciona como um dos fundamentos da República Federativa do Brasil, em seu artigo primeiro. Entretanto, não se observa, em quaisquer dos princípios elencados, a garantia de direito à morte digna. Se vida e morte compõem a mesma fórmula, questiona-se: porque o ordenamento jurídico assegura o direito à vida digna, mas não o faz com relação à morte? Dessa feita, a presente dissertação objetiva discorrer sobre o direito à morte digna, buscando evidenciar que, como decorrência natural da vida, deve ser um processo conglobado também pela dignidade. O estudo objetiva tratar acerca da terminalidade da vida, especialmente para demonstrar que o pensamento jurídico brasileiro deve evoluir para a construção de uma legislação que possibilite a abreviação da vida do paciente que se encontra incuravelmente doente - como já o fizeram outros países, como a Bélgica e a Holanda. Ressalte-se que o estudo se desenvolve de forma transdisciplinar, procurando mostrar a importância social, jurídica, ética, moral, filosófica e religiosa do presente tema. Visa ainda correlacionar o tema às disposições penais e civis que criminalizam as práticas de abreviação da vida e sujeitam os médicos a sanções criminais e civis decorrentes de tais atos. Embora se proceda a análise de legislações estrangeiras acerca do tema, importa salientar que a pesquisa se desenvolve principalmente sob a perspectiva do Direito brasileiro. / Life and death are two components of a same formula. However, juridically and paradoxically only life is protected. Social, philosophical and juridical preoccupations do not reflect the same preoccupation about the right to die with dignity, when it comes to protect the right to life, specially about stablishing what would be a dignified life, in the molds exposed by the programmatic rules in the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil. Human beings are the only living beings that can comprehend and question their existence. However, this distinct category of beings, even with this condition, still can not comprehend and accept in a calm way the only certainty of life: death. Moreover, it is necessary to understand that life and death are two complementary processes, because without the notion of life we would not have the notion of death. Life is a legally protected right, for if it was not, it would not make any sense the guarantee of any rights. The assurance of the right to life involves many interpretations, and in the present work we emphasize the need of preserving human dignity through life. Human dignity is a present principle in the Brazilian Federaral Constitution, that puts it as one of the fundaments of the Federative Republic of Brazil in its first article. Nevertheless, it is not observed in any of the listed rights/principles the guarantee of a dignified death. If life and death are components of a same formula, we question why the legal system guarantees the right to life, but does not do it in relation to death. Therefore, the present thesis aims to discuss about the right to a dignified death, attempting to demonstrate that death, as a natural result of life, must also be a process embraced by dignity. The study aims to discuss the terminally of life, specially to demonstrate that brazilian legal thought must evolve to raise a legislation that enables the abbreviation of a patient’s life who is incurably ill, as other countries already did, such as Belgium and Holland. We enhance that this research will be developed in a transdisciplinary way, searching to emphasize the social, juridical, ethical, moral, philosophical and religious importance of the present theme. Moreover, this research will also seek to correlate the theme to civil and penal provisions that criminalizes the practices of abbreviation of life and subject physicians to criminal and civil sanctions arising from such acts. Although we analyse foreign laws about the theme, it is importante to enhance that the research will be mainly developed under the brazilian laws perspective.
2

A morte digna, direito fundamental

Varalli, Janaina Thais Daniel 13 December 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-20T08:45:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Janaina Thais Daniel Varalli.pdf: 7930952 bytes, checksum: 7c6958c40e0d283c0387bd3fd6e54cf1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-20T08:45:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Janaina Thais Daniel Varalli.pdf: 7930952 bytes, checksum: 7c6958c40e0d283c0387bd3fd6e54cf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The main objective of the work is to investigate the right to a dignified death as a true fundamental right of the individual. The premise is that if national and international legislation protects the right to a dignified life, as can be seen from the systematic and teleological reading of articles 5 and 225 of the Federal Constitution and international documents such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, one must recognize the right to the dignified life in all the phases of existence of the subject, even when it is in terminal phase. In order to develop the study, the principles of bioethics and biolaw, the concepts of euthanasia, orthothanasia, assisted suicide and dysthanasia, as well as palliative care were analyzed. The role of the State as guarantor of the right to life was also analyzed, but also as a guarantor of freedom and autonomy in the private matters. Emblematic cases have been investigated in order to observe the current stage of discussion and legislation in Brazil and in the world. The right to a dignified death, whether through voluntary euthanasia or assisted suicide, is an unfolding of the right to a dignified life and can be exercised by those who are aware, informed of their clinical conditions and options, privileging the autonomous decision of the subject to submission to certain medical treatments and procedures and regarding the duration of life, which can be foreseen in the instrument called advance directives. If life is a right it can not become a real burden / O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar o direito à morte digna como verdadeiro direito fundamental do indivíduo. Parte-se da premissa de que se a legislação nacional e internacional protegem o direito à vida digna, como se depreende da leitura sistemática e teleológica dos artigos 5º e 225 da Constituição Federal e de documentos internacionais como a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, deve-se reconhecer o direito à vida digna em todas as fases de existência do sujeito, mesmo quando ele está em fase terminal. Para desenvolver o estudo foram analisados os princípios da Bioética e do Biodireito, os conceitos de eutanásia, ortotanásia, suicídio assistido e distanásia, bem como dos cuidados paliativos. Analisou-se também o papel do Estado como garantidor do direito à vida, mas também como garantidor da liberdade e da autonomia na esfera privada. Foram investigados casos emblemáticos a respeito do assunto, para se observar o estágio atual da discussão e da legislação, no Brasil e no mundo. O direito à morte digna, seja por meio da eutanásia voluntária ou do suicídio assistido, é um desdobramento do direito à vida digna e pode ser exercido por aquele que tem consciência, está informado de suas condições clínicas e opções, privilegiando-se a decisão autônoma do sujeito a respeito da submissão a determinados tratamentos e procedimentos médicos e a respeito da duração da vida, o que pode ser previsto no instrumento denominado de diretrizes antecipadas. Se a vida é um direito, então, não pode se transformar em verdadeiro fardo
3

Eutanázie a trestní právo / Euthanasia and Criminal Law

Karásková, Barbora January 2018 (has links)
The thesis deals with legal aspects of euthanasia with special focus on criminal law context. It is divided into four broad chapters. First chapter defines terms that need to be understood perfectly for further work on the topic. Therefore, it deals with the term "euthanasia" and its division into active and passive euthanasia, direct and indirect, requested and unsolicited. There are also mentioned some related institutes such as dysthanasia, palliative and hospice care and assisted suicide. Last but not least, this chapter presents some arguments for and against euthanasia. Second chapter is devoted to legislation in foreign countries where euthanasia (or assisted suicide) has been legalized. Wider context of foreign legislation is important for realizing the consequences that possible legalization of euthanasia in the Czech Republic would bring. It can be clearly seen on the example of individual foreign states what legalization of euthanasia entails, how stringent the conditions that a request for termination of life has to meet are, and ultimately, we can decide whether we tend to endorse the legalization of euthanasia or go in the opposite course. Third chapter focuses on the merit of the matter, which is the legal regulation of euthanasia in the Czech Republic and the context of...
4

Экзистенциально-философские аспекты права на смерть : магистерская диссертация / Existential and philosophical aspects rights to death

Sokolova, Y.S., Соколова, Ю. С. January 2014 (has links)
In this research the difficult for the decision problem – a human right to death – is considered. The appeal to philosophical and existential aspects allowed to present a right phenomenon to death in a historical context of its origin and development, and also to define a place and a role of death in culture of mankind and in philosophy. The special attention is paid to research of a problem of death both in existential philosophy, and in the context of modern legal reality, in particular its role in category of somatic human rights. Research of a phenomenon of euthanasia, as main example of realization of the right to death, in its ethical and sociocultural aspects is conducted. Studying of a phenomenon of the right to death as subjective human right is inseparably linked with its free will, but also it demands the definition in the context of the relations of the person with the state as the citizen has to have a right to dispose of both own life, and death. / В данном исследовании рассматривается сложная для решения проблема – право человека на смерть. Обращение к философским и экзистенциальным аспектам позволило представить феномен права на смерть в историческом контексте его зарождения и развития, а также определить место и роль смерти в культуре человечества и в философии. Особое внимание уделяется исследованию проблемы смерти как в экзистенциальной философии, так и в контексте современной правовой реальности, в частности его роли в категории соматических прав человека. Проведено исследование феномена эвтаназии, как главного примера реализации права на смерть, в его этическом и социокультурном аспектах. Изучение феномена права на смерть как субъективного права человека неразрывно связано с его свободой воли, но также оно требует своего определения в контексте отношений человека с государством, так как у гражданина должно быть право распоряжаться как собственной жизнью, так и смертью.

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