Utilizing critical and welfare state theory, this thesis is primarily centred on policy analysis regarding the design and implementation of the legislated right to housing in Canada alongside the National Housing Strategy. In examining Canada’s National Housing Strategy, right to housing legislation, and analysis and commentary around the 2019 Canadian federal budget, the thesis explores the potential for the right to housing to contribute to progressive policy shifts in Canada’s housing system at a time where the impacts of commodification and financialization continue to be prevalent. Additional literature related to Canada’s housing system and social welfare responses, and commentary on the right to housing in domestic and international contexts contributes to an assessment of the social and economic conditions that have led to the emergence of alternative housing policy, as well as the underlying principles and ideologies which guide and influence state intervention. Through this assessment, it is evident that while the legal space in which to claim the right to housing may be an important foundation to further highlight and challenge inequities in Canada’s housing system, the extent to which this results in tangible systemic change remains in question. Further topics are explored in the conclusion around the potential next steps and necessary considerations for implementation in the Canadian context. The research, analysis, and discussion present in this thesis is meant to contribute to a relevant and timely critical examination of the right to housing in Canada, centred within social work values, in order to better understand how to conceptualize and challenge inequities in Canada’s housing system. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)

Le contrat de bail est habituellement présenté comme la seule voie qui règle la question de l'accession au logement. Il apparait pourtant utile de se pencher vers d'autres combinaisons voisines que le bail afin d'assurer au candidat au logement un statut attrayant d'un point de vue juridique et social.Le démembrement de la propriété, ordinairement décrit comme un mécanisme subi, dévoile des virtualités intéressantes lorsqu'il est employé dans le cadre de l'accession à un logement. C'est ainsi que l'usufruit temporaire offre une alternative innovante aux personnes dont les ressources personnelles ne permettent pas d'accéder à la propriété.Exclusivement envisagé par les rédacteurs du Code civil comme un moyen d'allouer des revenus de subsistance à son titulaire, l'usufruit devient un mode original d'appropriation des biens. Si le rôle domestique de l'usufruit est attaché à sa tradition historique, la contribution de l'usufruit à la réalisation d'un droit au logement nouveau imprimera une nouvelle finalité à cette prérogative / The lease is usually presented as the only way to resolve the issue of access to housing. It appears, however, useful to look to other neighboring combinations that the lease to ensure the candidate attractive to housing status of a legally and socially.The dismemberment of the property, usually described as a mechanism for sustained, reveals interesting potentialities when used as part of home accommodation.Thus the temporary usufruct offers an innovative alternative to individuals whose personal resources do not allow access to the property.Exclusively envisaged by the drafters of the Civil Code as a means to allocate subsistence income to the holder, the usufruct is an original mode of appropriation of property. If the domestic role of the usufruct is attached to its historical tradition, the contribution of the usufruct to the achievement of a new right to housing will print a new purpose that prerogative

O trabalho busca estudar os principais aspectos da intersecção entre o instituto da desapropriação e o direito à moradia no cenário urbano brasileiro, especialmente a partir da ótica judicial. Para tanto, inicialmente desenvolve-se uma análise acerca do contexto em que se coloca o problema habitacional no país, marcado pelo incremento da exclusão social e pela falta de moradias para parcela crescente da população, em contraposição a toda uma normativa jurídica garantidora do direito à moradia. Em um segundo momento, é empreendido um estudo empírico das decisões do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, Comarca de São Paulo, pelo período entre 2007 e 2015, com o emprego da metodologia da análise de conteúdo, para identificar a interação entre os temas estudados (desapropriação e moradia) na prática do Tribunal em questão. Como resultado é possível notar que a relação entre a desapropriação e o direito à moradia transcende o uso do instrumento da desapropriação como uma ferramenta de políticas públicas habitacionais. Assim, em uma terceira etapa, optou-se por trabalhar os dados colhidos em cinco questões principais: a indenização, o incumprimento das sentenças judiciais, as causas de utilidade pública (lato sensu), os atores afetados e o problema da autoridade jurídica. A conclusão aponta para a necessidade de revisitação da desapropriação, no sentido de uma prática mais eficiente, racional, justa e sustentável. / The research aims to study the main aspects of the intersection between the institute of expropriation and the right to housing in the Brazilian urban setting, especially through the judicial perspective. Initially, we developed an analysis about the context in which the housing problem takes place in the country, marked by the increase of social exclusion and the lack of housing for a growing portion of the population. Secondly, an analysis was undertaken through an empirical study of the decisions of the Court of the State of São Paulo, District of São Paulo, in the period between 2007 and 2015, using the content analysis methodology, to identify the interaction between the studied themes (expropriation and housing) in the rulings of the Court. As a result, it is possible to realize that the relationship between the expropriation and the right to housing goes beyond the use of the expropriation instrument as a tool for public policies on housing. Thus, in a third step, the analysis of the data collected was accomplished through five main matters: compensation, failure to comply with court rulings, the causes of public interest (lato sensu), affected actors and the problem of legal authority. The conclusion points out the need for revisiting the expropriation towards a more efficient, rational, fair and sustainable practice.

O presente estudo analisa o deslocamento e inserção de imigrantes comerciantes na cidade de São Paulo a partir das histórias de vida de peruanos trabalhadores ambulantes na Feirinha da Madrugada no bairro do Brás. Partindo do depoimento dos entrevistados, assim como das observações de campo à feirinha, dos espaços de lazer e atividades de tempo livre, procurou-se conhecer as diversas dimensões do vivido em contexto de imigração, tendo como principais eixos de análise a questão do trabalho precário, direito à moradia e lazer. Procura-se, contudo contribuir para o conhecimento do fenômeno migratório contemporâneo no Brasil dando um rosto mais humano à abordagem da realidade dos milhares de pessoas que se deslocam em busca de melhores condições de vida, reconhecendo-os como indivíduos sociais, de direito e protagonistas da sua própria história. / The present study analyzes the displacement and insertion of commercial immigrants in the city of São Paulo from the life stories of Peruvian mobile workers at Midnight Fair in the district of Brás. Based on the interviewees\' testimony, as well as the field observations to the fair, recreation spaces and free time activities, we sought to know the different dimensions of the lived in immigration context, having as main axes of analysis the issue of precarious work , right to housing and leisure. It seeks to contribute to the knowledge of the contemporary migratory phenomenon in Brazil giving a more humane face in approaching the reality of the thousands of people who move in search of better living conditions, recognizing them as social individuals, in law and protagonists of its own history.

O presente estudo analisa o deslocamento e inserção de imigrantes comerciantes na cidade de São Paulo a partir das histórias de vida de peruanos trabalhadores ambulantes na Feirinha da Madrugada no bairro do Brás. Partindo do depoimento dos entrevistados, assim como das observações de campo à feirinha, dos espaços de lazer e atividades de tempo livre, procurou-se conhecer as diversas dimensões do vivido em contexto de imigração, tendo como principais eixos de análise a questão do trabalho precário, direito à moradia e lazer. Procura-se, contudo contribuir para o conhecimento do fenômeno migratório contemporâneo no Brasil dando um rosto mais humano à abordagem da realidade dos milhares de pessoas que se deslocam em busca de melhores condições de vida, reconhecendo-os como indivíduos sociais, de direito e protagonistas da sua própria história. / The present study analyzes the displacement and insertion of commercial immigrants in the city of São Paulo from the life stories of Peruvian mobile workers at Midnight Fair in the district of Brás. Based on the interviewees\' testimony, as well as the field observations to the fair, recreation spaces and free time activities, we sought to know the different dimensions of the lived in immigration context, having as main axes of analysis the issue of precarious work , right to housing and leisure. It seeks to contribute to the knowledge of the contemporary migratory phenomenon in Brazil giving a more humane face in approaching the reality of the thousands of people who move in search of better living conditions, recognizing them as social individuals, in law and protagonists of its own history.

A right to housing is a central iteration of the broader demand for a democratic right to the city. The perpetual housing crisis for lower-income people results from a commodified system in which access to housing is based on the exchange value interests of property owners, rather than a universal right to a decent, affordable home. This system is a pillar of neoliberal urban governance and justified by a hegemonic ideology that equates speculative homeownership with the American Dream. Achieving a right to housing, even at the local scale, requires a radical movement that cultivates individual and collective consciousness, discredits the dominant ideology, and fights for decommodification. In recent years, grassroots organizing in the Cully neighborhood of Portland, OR, has resisted gentrification and contributed to local housing policy victories. As an activist research project, a survey of existing housing advocates tests the framework of housing consciousness and interest groups developed by John Emmeus Davis (1991), and explores the potential for a radical housing movement in Cully. Across lines of housing tenure, respondents widely agree with a right to housing in the abstract, recognize unjust outcomes of the existing system, and support policies that prioritize housing rights over property rights. Yet many are skeptical of interventions specifically in the homeownership system, and express limited or contradictory understandings of the structural underpinnings of housing injustice.

Univ., Diss.--Maastricht, 2007.

This thesis explores the impact of housing rights jurisprudence on Chinese legal and policy frameworks in the housing sector, examines the key related issues, and assesses whether current practices are in line with international best practice. The thesis considers three major questions, viz. 1 What are housing rights? 2 What is the significance of housing rights in the Chinese context? 3 Given the features and nature of housing rights, and China’s transitional societal background, how could housing rights be implemented? By looking at the jurisprudence and jurisprudential development of housing rights in international law and related humanitarian jurisprudence, this thesis proposes a three-layer framework of housing rights, which encompasses property and resource dimensions. While the property dimension requires the state to refrain from interfering in property interest in housing, the resource dimension establishes a set of principles for directing governmental duties in utilizing and redistributing resources. The governments should enable equal and equitable access to housing and housing-related resources, and ensure housing development is a human-centered, sustainability-oriented process. China is a transitional society, where the Constitution shows a trend towards strengthening property rights protection, but institutional constraints on property rights remain. There are also transformative schemes in the housing sector that take the form of land reform and public housing programs. An overview of the housing regime in China identifies three primary limitations: an incoherent legal framework of Chinese takings law related to the property dimension of housing rights; problems with equal and equitable access to land resource as reflected by the urban-rural divide in the land tenure system; and the lack of a sustainability vision in public housing development. It is, therefore, argued that implementing housing rights involves enshrining values and principles related to housing rights in the domestic constitution. This can take the form of reinterpreting the Chinese constitutional property according to the three-layer framework of housing rights. Such a reinterpretation sheds further light on how to resolve the key issues in the current housing regime. This study concludes that housing rights require Chinese constitutional property to strike a balance between protecting existing property-holdings and the transformative schemes in the housing sector. For the property dimension of Chinese constitutional property, housing rights help to construct a coherent jurisprudence for Chinese takings law. The resource dimension of housing rights serves as an assessment tool for the policy framework to guide both the utilization and redistribution of land resources and the development of public housing programs. This facilitates the legal and policy framework in the housing sector to be informed by humanitarian jurisprudence and be in line with international best practice. The pioneering nature of this thesis lies in its exploration of humanitarian jurisprudence which is new to Chinese constitutional reasoning, and the extension of jurisprudential discussion of housing rights to public policy formulation. It is also innovative in proposing the three-layer framework of housing rights. Some of the findings from the discussion of international jurisprudence may be extended not only to the Chinese setting but also to other transitional economies which face similar housing issues and concerns in their policy-making. / published_or_final_version / Real Estate and Construction / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Zugl.: Mannheim, Univ., Diss., 2007 / Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)-- Univ. Mannheim, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 301-337).

Thesis (L.L.M. (Law)) - Rhodes University, 2008