No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

One hundred and thirteen subjects participated in a study designed to assess the influence of sex role and confidant utilization on adolescent sexual experience, particularly pregnancy. The subjects were from the community college population, with a mean age of 19 years. Subjects were administered a questionnaire to determine their level of sexual experience (i.e., virgin, sexually active and using contraceptives, sexually active and not using contraceptives, or pregnancy experienced), and to assess their tendency to confide in others about sex and birth control. Subjects were also asked to complete the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), which determined their sex role identification (i.e., feminine, masculine, androgynous, or undifferentiated). The results suggested a positive relationship between the use of contraceptives and a greater tendency to confide. Subjects who had experienced a pregnancy also exhibited a high level of confiding, which was interpreted as a result of exposure to helping professionals. No significant results were obtained to confirm a relationship between sex role identification and adolescent pregnancy, although androgyny appeared to be positively associated with sexual activity and contraception.

An explanatory model of stress and coping among dual-career partners examined the influence of role overload on individual coping strategies and relational coping resources as mediators, using marital quality as the measured outcome. Individual coping strategies included problem-focused and emotion-focused coping. Relational coping resources included maintenance behaviors, cooperative negotiation, and coercive negotiation. Data from a sample of 226 married, dual-career partners were subjected to a path analysis using a series of multiple regressions. Findings generally supported the proposed model. Results suggest that both individual coping strategies and relational coping resources mediated the stressor effects of role overload on marital quality / Ph. D.

This study examines how identity processes affect role exit. I test a model of role exit that situates the identity processes of cognitive processes (reflected appraisals and social comparisons), rewards and costs related to the role, commitment to the role, and identity centrality as mediating factors between role-set and social characteristic background factors, and role exit. Using a sample of 940 current and former soccer referees in Virginia and the District of Columbia, the results show that several role-set background factors and social characteristics affect role exit. However, identity processes explain some of the effect that the background factors have on role exit. The results have implications for identity theory and role exit theory and for helping referee organizations understand why referees quit. / Ph. D.