Efforts to automate building rule checking have not brought us anywhere near to the ultimate goal to fully automate the rule checking process. With the advancement in BIM and the latest tools and computing capability, we have what is necessary to achieve it. And yet challenges still abound. This research takes a holistic approach to solve the issue by first examining the rule complexity and its logic structure. Three major aspects of the rules are addressed in this research. The first is a new approach to transform BIM data into a simple database schema and to make it easily query-able by adopting the data warehouse approach. Geometry and spatial operations are also commonly needed for automating rules, and therefore the second approach is to integrate these into a database in the form of multiple representations. The third is a standardized rule language that leverages the database query integrated with its geometry and spatial query capability, called BIMRL. It is designed for a non-programmatic approach to the rule definitions that is suitable for typical rule experts. The rule definition takes a form of triplet command: CHECK – EVALUATE – ACTION statement that can be chained to support more complex rules. A prototype system has been developed as a proof-of-concept using selected rules taken from various sources to demonstrate the validity of the approach to solve the challenges of automating the building rule checking.

Interoperability between Geographic Information System (GIS) of different infrastructure companies is still a problem to be handled. Infrastructure companies deal with many operations as a part of their daily routine such as a regular maintenance, or sometimes they deal with unexpected situations such as a malfunction due to natural event, like a flood or an earthquake. These situations may affect all companies and affected infrastructure companies response to these effects. Responses may result in consequences and in order to model these consequences on GIS, GISs are able to share information, which brings the interoperability problem into the scene. The present research, aims at finding an answer to interoperability problem between GISs of different companies by considering contextual information. During the study, the geographical features are handled as the major concern and interoperability problem is examined by targeting them. The model constructed in this research is based on the ontology and because the meaning of the terms in the ontology depends on the context, ontology based context modeling is also used. v In this research, a system implementation is done for two different GISs of two

網路的發達使得數位內容的流通更加的便利，數位內容擁有者為了避免資料被任意散播，而採用DRM(Digital Rights Management)系統來保護自身的權利。然而DRM系統是採用限制的方式來控管資料的使用，並沒有考量到合理使用的設計，其中主要的原因在於合理使用的規範難以設計且用電腦落實，時常會有一些情況需視個案而定。 本研究希望透過結合本體論推論與案例式比對的來解決合理使用規範難以制定的問題，利用本體論與規則語言進行推論做合理使用判斷，當本體論與規則語言無法判斷時再進行案例式比對，經由案例庫中的合理使用案例，我們可以明確的給予使用者在對數位內容操作上是否為合理使用的依歸，若沒有相符的案例，依舊可以給予使用者一個迫近預期的合理使用建議。 / Thanks to the development of network, it is much more convenient to spread digital contents; nevertheless, digital content owners can only use DRM (Digital Rights Management) system to protect their personal data from unapproved spreading. However, the fair use design is barely taken into consideration in the DRM system since it only uses limit principles to control data-spreading. The main reason is that fair use policy is not only hard to design but also hard to be universally practiced on computers. Furthermore, there are always rooms for fair use cases beyond a general model description. This research aims to combine the advantages of ontology reasoning and case-based reasoning (CBR) to solve the problem of defining and enforcing fair use policy. Applying ontology and the rule language is the first approach to infer fair use decision; following is the CBR. This means that if ontology is not able to infer a fair use through its enforceable policy, then we apply CBR technique by compared with previous fair use cases established in our case base. Therefore, we can always derive a fair use or not fair use decision. Otherwise, we propose a recommendation for how to achieve a fair use or avoid not a fair use.

在「設計易調整的電子病歷存取控管機制」論文中，針對病患隱私的保障，設計了一套XML格式的存取控管規則語言，讓安全管理者可以藉由設計安全組態檔，動態並細緻化地切換電子病歷的存取控管程式碼。根據前述論文的需求，我們建構出一套可融合於Eclipse開發平台中的存取規則編輯環境。除了具備XML編輯器的基本功能外，我們的編輯環境針對此存取控管規則語言提供使用者自訂屬性與規則變數的機制，以半自動化的方式免去記憶屬性值的困擾；並在存取規則的限制條件編修畫面當中，加入語法解析功能與基本格式驗證功能，協助使用者編輯限制條件，早期發現錯誤，大幅簡化安全管理人員設計存取控管規則的工作。 / This thesis presents a Configurable Editor for Specifying Access Control Rule in Electronic Medical Records based on the XML rule schema designed in another thesis, "Using Aspects to Implement Adaptable Access Control for Electronic Medical Records". Our editor is developed as a plug-in in the Eclipse development platform. It has three distinguished features. First, the user can configure the specific attributes and rule variables referenced in the rule schema and rule instances. Second, the user can edit access control rules as any XML documents and view the rules in multiple views, such as tree view. Third, the editor performs static checks on the constraints specified in the rules to provide early error detection. Thus, we argue that the editor will of significant help to the security administrators.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-07T16:21:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HAMON BARROS HENRIQUES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2015..pdf: 3136584 bytes, checksum: a73ddf1f3aa24a230079e12abc8cee00 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-07T16:21:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HAMON BARROS HENRIQUES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2015..pdf: 3136584 bytes, checksum: a73ddf1f3aa24a230079e12abc8cee00 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-31 / Recentemente, infraestruturas de dados espaciais (IDE) têm se popularizado como uma importante solução para facilitar a interoperabilidade de dados geográficos oferecidos por diferentes organizações. Um importante desafio que precisa ser superado por estas infraestruturas consiste em permitir que seus clientes possam localizar facilmente os dados e serviços que se encontram disponíveis. Atualmente, esta tarefa é implementada a partir de serviços de catálogo. Embora tais serviços tenham representado um importante avanço para a recuperação de dados geográficos, estes ainda possuem limitações importantes. Algumas destas limitações surgem porque os serviços de catálogo resolvem suas consultas com base nas informações contidas em seus registros de metadados, que normalmente descrevem as características do serviço como um todo. Além disso, muitos catálogos atuais resolvem consultas com restrições temáticas apenas com base em palavras-chaves, e não possuem meios formais para descrever a semântica dos recursos disponíveis. Para resolver a falta de semântica, esta dissertação apresenta uma solução para a anotação semântica automática das camadas e dos seus respectivos atributos disponibilizados em uma IDE. Com isso, motores de busca, que utilizam ontologias como insumo para a resolução de suas consultas, irão encontrar os dados geográficosqueestãorelacionadossemanticamenteaumdeterminadotema pesquisado. Também foi descrita nesta pesquisa uma avaliação do desempenho da solução proposta sobre uma amostra de serviços Web Feature Service. / Recently, Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) has become popular as an important solution for easing the interoperability if geographic data offered by different organizations. An important challenge that must be overcome by such infrastructures consists in allowing their users to easily locating the available data and services. Presently, this task is implemented by means of catalog services. Although such services represent an important advance for retrieval of geographic data, they still have serious limitations. Some of these limitations arise because the catalog service resolves their queries based on information contained in their metadata records, which normally describes the characteristics of the service as a whole. In addition, many current catalogs solve queries with thematic restrictions based only on keywords, and have no formal means for describing the semantics of available resources. To resolve the lack of semantics, this dissertation presents a solution for automatic semantic annotation of feature types and their attributes available in an IDE.With this, search engines, which use ontologies as input for solving their queries will find the geographic data that are semantically related to a particular topic searched. Also has described in this research an evaluation of the performance of the proposed solution on a sample of Web Feature Service services.

Le but essentiel de la thèse est de développer une ontologie juridique bien fondée pour l'utiliser dans le raisonnement à base des règles. Pour cela, une approche middle-out, collaborative et modulaire est proposée ou des ontologies fondationnelles et core ont été réutilisées pour simplifier le développement de l'ontologie. L’ontologie résultante est adoptée dans une approche homogène a base des ontologies pour formaliser la liste des règles juridiques du code pénal en utilisant le langage logique SWRL. / This thesis analyses the problem of building well-founded domain ontologies for reasoning and decision support purposes. Specifically, it discusses the building of legal ontologies for rule-based reasoning. In fact, building well-founded legal domain ontologies is considered as a difficult and complex process due to the complexity of the legal domain and the lack of methodologies. For this purpose, a novel middle-out approach called MIROCL is proposed. MIROCL tends to enhance the building process of well-founded domain ontologies by incorporating several support processes such as reuse, modularization, integration and learning. MIROCL is a novel modular middle-out approach for building well-founded domain ontologies. By applying the modularization process, a multi-layered modular architecture of the ontology is outlined. Thus, the intended ontology will be composed of four modules located at different abstraction levels. These modules are, from the most abstract to the most specific, UOM(Upper Ontology Module), COM(Core Ontology Module), DOM(Domain Ontology Module) and DSOM(Domain-Specific Ontology Module). The middle-out strategy is composed of two complementary strategies: top-down and bottom-up. The top-down tends to apply ODCM (Ontology-Driven Conceptual Modeling) and ontology reuse starting from the most abstract categories for building UOM and COM. Meanwhile, the bottom-up starts from textual resources, by applying ontology learning process, in order to extract the most specific categories for building DOM and DSOM. After building the different modules, an integration process is performed for composing the whole ontology. The MIROCL approach is applied in the criminal domain for modeling legal norms. A well-founded legal domain ontology called CriMOnto (Criminal Modular Ontology) is obtained. Therefore, CriMOnto has been used for modeling the procedural aspect of the legal norms by the integration with a logic rule language (SWRL). Finally, an hybrid approach is applied for building a rule-based system called CORBS. This system is grounded on CriMOnto and the set of formalized rules.