No começo da década de 1990, os produtores rurais encontravam-se endividados e não teriam conseguido pagar seus financiamentos se não tivesse havido a renegociação desses débitos, denominada securitização de dívidas rurais. O Banco do Brasil sofreu impactos negativos nos seus resultados ocasionados pela inadimplência dos produtores, principalmente por ser a instituição mais importante em termos de crédito rural. Após um longo processo de negociações, foi aprovada a Lei n. 9.138, de 1995, que deu início ao processo de securitização das dívidas. A partir da interpretação das leis sobre a securitização e da análise dos dados contidos no relatório de informação do Banco do Brasil, fez-se uma análise detalhada sobre o comportamento econômico-financeiro dessa instituição e constatou-se que a securitização foi essencial para o Banco reverter seus prejuízos em lucros. / At the beginning of the 1990s, rural producers were indebted and would not have been able to pay their financing if there had not been the renegotiation of those loans, called securitization of rural debts. The Bank of Brazil suffered negative impacts on its balance sheet caused by the default of the producers, mainly for being the most important institution in terms of rural credit. After a long negotiation process, the 9,138 Law of 1995 was approved, initiating the process of securitization of debts. Based on the interpretation of the laws about securitization and on the analysis of the data from the information report of the Bank of Brazil, a detailed analysis was made on the economic and financial behavior of that institution and it was concluded that the securitization was essential for the bank to reverse its losses into profits.

No começo da década de 1990, os produtores rurais encontravam-se endividados e não teriam conseguido pagar seus financiamentos se não tivesse havido a renegociação desses débitos, denominada securitização de dívidas rurais. O Banco do Brasil sofreu impactos negativos nos seus resultados ocasionados pela inadimplência dos produtores, principalmente por ser a instituição mais importante em termos de crédito rural. Após um longo processo de negociações, foi aprovada a Lei n. 9.138, de 1995, que deu início ao processo de securitização das dívidas. A partir da interpretação das leis sobre a securitização e da análise dos dados contidos no relatório de informação do Banco do Brasil, fez-se uma análise detalhada sobre o comportamento econômico-financeiro dessa instituição e constatou-se que a securitização foi essencial para o Banco reverter seus prejuízos em lucros. / At the beginning of the 1990s, rural producers were indebted and would not have been able to pay their financing if there had not been the renegotiation of those loans, called securitization of rural debts. The Bank of Brazil suffered negative impacts on its balance sheet caused by the default of the producers, mainly for being the most important institution in terms of rural credit. After a long negotiation process, the 9,138 Law of 1995 was approved, initiating the process of securitization of debts. Based on the interpretation of the laws about securitization and on the analysis of the data from the information report of the Bank of Brazil, a detailed analysis was made on the economic and financial behavior of that institution and it was concluded that the securitization was essential for the bank to reverse its losses into profits.

A la fin de l'Ancien Régime le nord-est du Quercy est une région d'habitat dispersé dont le mas constitue le territoire de base. Les hommes y vivent d'une poly-agriculture traditionnelle. Une fiscalité accablante les assujettit aux pouvoirs englobants de la monarchie et des seigneuries, essentiellement ecclésiastiques. La thèse étudie le comportement de ces populations devant les prélèvements de la taille royale, des rentes seigneuriales et des dîmes. La description de la terre utilise les deux instruments que sont : les compoix communautaires et les terriers seigneuriaux. Faute de plan cadastral, une méthode originale est mise en œuvre pour représenter sous forme de graphes géoréférencés les parcellaires fonciers. La terre et les hommes sont ainsi mis en perspective dans des réseaux de proximités géographique, agraire et sociale. La recherche examine l'organisation des communautés d'habitants en face d'une administration étatique de plus en plus contraignante. De son côté, la seigneurie, forte du « complexum feudale », propriétaire éminente de la terre, prélève à l'intérieur des mas des rentes en nature en vertu des censives indivises et perpétuelles que les emphytéotes lui reconnaissent en échange de leur droit de propriété utile. Enfin, l'Eglise est un élément fédérateur et unificateur dans cette société, qui est encore à moitié protestante, au début du XVIIe siècle. Un vaste corpus démographique permet d'analyser le fonctionnement endogame de cette population qui pratique un système successoral inégalitaire. L'héritage de la terre constitue la seule richesse sur le long terme. Les stratégies de reproduction sociale des élites locales et des paysans sont abordées. / At the end of the « Ancien Regime » the mas (sive village) is the elementary territorial unit in the northeast of the Quercy province. Men in their estate are living from traditional farming. They suffer heavy taxes from the encompassing powers, the monarchy and the ecclesiastical lords. The thesis studies the behavior of the population in front of the different tax levies, property taxes, private incomes, tithes. As maps are not used at that time, the two types of archive documents for land registers, the « compoix » and the lord « terriers », are analyzed by an original method, using geographical referenced graphs. The soil and the human being are represented in geographic, agrarian and social networks. The research focuses on the communities of inhabitants confronted by the growing monarchic state. Consuls designed annually by the farmer's assemblies have the thankless task to collect the royal taxes, the « taille ». On another side the lords, using their property rights known as the « complexum feudale » takes off foodstuffs from the harvests. The church also plays a central role in that society where the beginning of the XVIIth century protestantism is still present. A large demographic corpus allows the study of that endogamous population which practices an unequal inheritance system. The land constitutes the only long term wealth and so directs the social reproduction strategy. The thesis considers how following the individualism growth, the rise of the population, the matrimonial diffusion, the society progressively becomes, on one side, free from the lord domination and on the other side, dutiful to the state power.