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Tillförarprövningen enligt 2 kap. 4 § st. 1 p. 1 JB : Ett spörsmål av och om intresse / The scope of the general exemption rule stipulated in Chapter 2, Section 4 of the Swedish Land CodeAndersson, Erik January 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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Medidas das seções de choque térmicas e integrais de ressonância das reações 34S(n,)35S e 42K(n,)43K - Aperfeiçoamento por simulação de Monte Carlo / Measurements of thermal cross section and resonance integral for 34S(n,)35S and 42K(n,)43K reactions - Improvement by Monte Carlo simulationFerreira Júnior, Felisberto Alves 20 December 2012 (has links)
Amostras de nitrato de potássio e enxofre natural foram irradiadas no núcleo do reator de pesquisas IEA-R1 do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, operando entre 3,5 e 5 MW de potência, para determinar as secções de choque térmicas e integrais de ressonância das reações 34S(n,)35S e 42K(n,)43K. O fluxo de nêutrons foi monitorado com ligas ouro-alumínio. As atividades induzidas nos alvos de ouro-alumínio e nitrato de potássio foram medidas com um detector semicondutor de germânio hiper puro; as atividades dos alvos de enxofre foram determinadas com um sistema de coincidências 4\\pi\\beta - \\gamma. Os efeitos de depressão de fluxo, autoblindagem e autoabsorção nos alvos foram corrigidos com base em simulações com o método de Monte Carlo por meio do programa MCNP. O programa PENELOPE, também baseado no método de Monte Carlo, foi modificado para simular o comportamento do sistema de coincidências 4\\pi\\beta - \\gamma. O formalismo de Westcott e o método da razão de cádmio foram usados para determinar os fluxos de nêutrons térmicos e epitérmicos, assim como as secções de choque térmicas e integrais de ressonância de ambos nuclídeos. Foi efetuado um tratamento estatístico das incertezas envolvidas e determinadas as covariâncias entre os resultados, incluindo aquelas decorrentes das incertezas do padrão de referência (ouro). As reações 34S(n,)35S e 42K(n,)43K apresentaram, respectivamente, seções de choque térmicas de 228(14) mb e 44,8(9) b, e integrais de ressonância de 144(6) mb e 1635(75) b. Estes resultados são incompatíveis com aqueles obtidos com cálculos teóricos. A seção de choque térmica da reação 34S(n,)35S concorda com valores obtidos por outros autores, dentro das incertezas experimentais. / Samples of potassium nitrate and natural sulphur were irradiated in the IPEN/CNEN-SP IEA-R1 research reactor core, operating between 3.5 and 5 MW, to determine the thermal neutron cross sections and resonance integrals of 34S(n,)35S and 42K(n,)43K reactions. The neutron flux was monitored with gold-aluminium alloy. The activities induced in targets of gold-aluminium and potassium nitrate were measured with a high purity germanium detector. Sulphur targets activities were determined with a 4\\pi\\beta-\\gamma coincidences system by the tracer method. Flux depression, self-shielding and self-absorption in the targets was evaluated by simulations using the MCNP software. The PENELOPE software, also based on Monte Carlo method, was modified to simulate the behavior of the 4\\pi\\beta-\\gamma coincidence system. The Westcott formalism and the cadmium ratio method were used to determine epithermal and thermal neutrons flux as well as the thermal cross sections and resonance integrals of both nuclides. A statistical analysis of the uncertainties was performed and the covariance between the results was determined, including those arising from the uncertainties of the gold reference standard. The results were compared with experimental values and theoretical predictions obtained by other authors. The 34S(n,)35S and 42K(n,)43K reactions had, respectively, thermal cross sections of 228(14) mb and 44.8(9) b, and integral resonances of 144(6) mb and 1635(75) b. These results are incompatible with the obtained with theoretical calculations. The 34S(n,)35S reaction thermal cross section agrees with values obtained by other authors, within the experimental uncertainties.
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La Chaas : the Métis constitutional right to hunt in the Canadian legal consciousnessBellemare, Bradley Shawn 24 April 2006
The purpose of this thesis is to discuss the constitutional right of the Métis to hunt in the Canadian legal consciousness in the four levels of court that heard the Powley case and comment on the judicial approach and observations. After a comparative analysis of the precedent setting Powley decision, a brief examination is undertaken of two recent cases regarding Métis rights in Canada: Laviolette and Willison. <p>Ultimately, the purpose of this research has been to show the treatment of Métis and First Nations Aboriginal rights have not been treated equally and to confront the challenges that this analysis raises. Section 35 of the Canadian Constitution has not provided the protections to Aboriginal rights that one would expect. In order to make changes to the legal system I have identified some fundamental problems with Aboriginal law in Canada associated with the identification of the source of those rights. <p>Further, I have made some suggestions on the approaches that could be taken to change the direction of the Supreme Court of Canada regarding its interpretations of Métis rights.
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La Chaas : the Métis constitutional right to hunt in the Canadian legal consciousnessBellemare, Bradley Shawn 24 April 2006 (has links)
The purpose of this thesis is to discuss the constitutional right of the Métis to hunt in the Canadian legal consciousness in the four levels of court that heard the Powley case and comment on the judicial approach and observations. After a comparative analysis of the precedent setting Powley decision, a brief examination is undertaken of two recent cases regarding Métis rights in Canada: Laviolette and Willison. <p>Ultimately, the purpose of this research has been to show the treatment of Métis and First Nations Aboriginal rights have not been treated equally and to confront the challenges that this analysis raises. Section 35 of the Canadian Constitution has not provided the protections to Aboriginal rights that one would expect. In order to make changes to the legal system I have identified some fundamental problems with Aboriginal law in Canada associated with the identification of the source of those rights. <p>Further, I have made some suggestions on the approaches that could be taken to change the direction of the Supreme Court of Canada regarding its interpretations of Métis rights.
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Medidas das seções de choque térmicas e integrais de ressonância das reações 34S(n,)35S e 42K(n,)43K - Aperfeiçoamento por simulação de Monte Carlo / Measurements of thermal cross section and resonance integral for 34S(n,)35S and 42K(n,)43K reactions - Improvement by Monte Carlo simulationFelisberto Alves Ferreira Júnior 20 December 2012 (has links)
Amostras de nitrato de potássio e enxofre natural foram irradiadas no núcleo do reator de pesquisas IEA-R1 do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, operando entre 3,5 e 5 MW de potência, para determinar as secções de choque térmicas e integrais de ressonância das reações 34S(n,)35S e 42K(n,)43K. O fluxo de nêutrons foi monitorado com ligas ouro-alumínio. As atividades induzidas nos alvos de ouro-alumínio e nitrato de potássio foram medidas com um detector semicondutor de germânio hiper puro; as atividades dos alvos de enxofre foram determinadas com um sistema de coincidências 4\\pi\\beta - \\gamma. Os efeitos de depressão de fluxo, autoblindagem e autoabsorção nos alvos foram corrigidos com base em simulações com o método de Monte Carlo por meio do programa MCNP. O programa PENELOPE, também baseado no método de Monte Carlo, foi modificado para simular o comportamento do sistema de coincidências 4\\pi\\beta - \\gamma. O formalismo de Westcott e o método da razão de cádmio foram usados para determinar os fluxos de nêutrons térmicos e epitérmicos, assim como as secções de choque térmicas e integrais de ressonância de ambos nuclídeos. Foi efetuado um tratamento estatístico das incertezas envolvidas e determinadas as covariâncias entre os resultados, incluindo aquelas decorrentes das incertezas do padrão de referência (ouro). As reações 34S(n,)35S e 42K(n,)43K apresentaram, respectivamente, seções de choque térmicas de 228(14) mb e 44,8(9) b, e integrais de ressonância de 144(6) mb e 1635(75) b. Estes resultados são incompatíveis com aqueles obtidos com cálculos teóricos. A seção de choque térmica da reação 34S(n,)35S concorda com valores obtidos por outros autores, dentro das incertezas experimentais. / Samples of potassium nitrate and natural sulphur were irradiated in the IPEN/CNEN-SP IEA-R1 research reactor core, operating between 3.5 and 5 MW, to determine the thermal neutron cross sections and resonance integrals of 34S(n,)35S and 42K(n,)43K reactions. The neutron flux was monitored with gold-aluminium alloy. The activities induced in targets of gold-aluminium and potassium nitrate were measured with a high purity germanium detector. Sulphur targets activities were determined with a 4\\pi\\beta-\\gamma coincidences system by the tracer method. Flux depression, self-shielding and self-absorption in the targets was evaluated by simulations using the MCNP software. The PENELOPE software, also based on Monte Carlo method, was modified to simulate the behavior of the 4\\pi\\beta-\\gamma coincidence system. The Westcott formalism and the cadmium ratio method were used to determine epithermal and thermal neutrons flux as well as the thermal cross sections and resonance integrals of both nuclides. A statistical analysis of the uncertainties was performed and the covariance between the results was determined, including those arising from the uncertainties of the gold reference standard. The results were compared with experimental values and theoretical predictions obtained by other authors. The 34S(n,)35S and 42K(n,)43K reactions had, respectively, thermal cross sections of 228(14) mb and 44.8(9) b, and integral resonances of 144(6) mb and 1635(75) b. These results are incompatible with the obtained with theoretical calculations. The 34S(n,)35S reaction thermal cross section agrees with values obtained by other authors, within the experimental uncertainties.
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The Sound of Silence: First Nations and British Columbia Emergency Management2015 August 1900 (has links)
In this thesis I offer a brief overview of the current legislative, regulatory and treaty frameworks impacting emergency management in British Columbia, with a particular emphasis on Crown-identified First Nation roles. I show that the regime overwhelmingly positions non-First Nation governments, contractors and other organizations to manage emergencies on behalf of First Nations. I explore emergency management as a manifold process that includes protracted planning, mitigation and recovery phases, which, unlike emergency response, are carried out with lower levels of urgency. I consider Canadian Constitution Act, 1982 (s. 35) Aboriginal rights in light of the lack of statutorily prescribed inclusion of First Nations in off-reserve emergency management, particularly at the planning, mitigation and recovery phases concluding that the jurisprudence to date (including the duty to consult and Aboriginal title) does not appear to have revolutionized the regime. While the constitutional status of Aboriginal rights should operate to insure adequate First Nation direction in each stage of emergency management, the regime continues to restrictively prioritize other constitutional priorities, such as division of powers and civil liberties. To better understand the omission, I theorize the lack of Crown implementation of s. 35 Aboriginal rights generally as an ‘obligation gap’, highlighting how an analysis of s. 35 Aboriginal rights as ‘negative rights’ fails to compel implementation of the full scope of Crown obligations implicit within the jurisprudence to date. I then offer a new framework for s. 35 as justiciable ‘recognition rights’ and juxtapose ‘recognition rights’ with the idea of justiciability of government inaction through a brief comparative analysis of socioeconomic rights in South Africa’s constitution and Canada’s constitutional Aboriginal rights.
With a decided emphasis on the obligations of the Crown, this thesis attempts to offer fodder to First Nations and legal practitioners seeking to challenge the emergency management landscape where First Nations seek an enhanced role in protecting and restoring their respective territories in anticipation of, and in the wake of, disaster. For convenience and clarity, contemporary geographical and jurisdictional references to the areas now known as Canada and British Columbia are used throughout the thesis without intention to detract from the integrity of First Nation claims to their traditional and ancestral territories.
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