Recently interest has been aroused over the topic of acidity of milk in southwest Virginia. Certain manufacturers of skin milk powder have manufactured products, which upon being reconstituted have exceeded the government limits in titratable acidity to be classified as "Extra Grade." This is the highest grade and cannot exceed 0.15 per cent in titratable acidity. Normal milk when freshly drawn, will naturally be slightly acid in reaction. This acidity of milk has been shown by various workers to be due to the presence of natural constituents such as the phosphates, proteins, carbon dioxide, and citrates. Any increase in acidity upon standing is due to the action of fermenting bacteria, changing lactose to lactic acid. It has been proven that normal milk with a high natural acidity is not objectionable in the manufacture of dairy products. However a highly-developed acidity is undesirable and may cause serious economic losses if used to any great extent. It is the opinion of certain dairymen and dairy manufacturers in this locality that due possibly to some natural existing condition in this area (such as soil type), the fresh milk may have a higher natural acidity than milk produced in other sections of the country. Should this be the case, it would seem logical that the standards should be modified so as not to reject that milk exceeding 0.15 percent titratable acidity, if the acidity is entirely natural. The nature of this problem is to attempt to find out if the milk produced in this area has a higher natural acidity than is expected; and if so, what the factors are contributing to it. / Master of Science

Hunting by horticulturalists in the Southwest examines the impact of horticulture on hunting behavior and animal exploitation among late Archaic and Hohokam Indians in south-central Arizona. A model incorporating ecological and ethnographic data discusses the impact horticulturalists had on the environment and the ways in which that impact affected other aspects of subsistence, specifically hunting behavior. The model is then evaluated using a regional faunal data base from Archaic and Hohokam sites. Five major patterns supporting the model are observed: (1) a reliance on small and medium-sized mammals as sources of animal protein, (2) the use of rodents as food, (3) the differential reliance on cottontails (Sylvilagus) and jack rabbits (Lepus) at Hohokam farmsteads versus villages, (4) the relative decrease in the exploitation of cottontails versus jack rabbits as a Hohokam site was occupied through time, and (5) the recovery contexts of artiodactyl remains, which indicate their ritual and tool use as well as for food.

No description available.

Prepared for the U.S. Water Resources Scientific Information Center./ Bibliography: p. 141-220.

The problem of this study was to compare the expectations of the interior design profession regarding entry level requirements of new graduates of Southwest Texas State University and the present interior design curriculum at Southwest Texas State University. Questionnaires seeking information regarding skills and knowledge thought necessary for graduating interior design students were sent to professional interior designers in the South Texas area. Simple descriptive statistics were used to analyze the responses. The survey of the interior designers practicing in the South Texas areas conducted in this needs assessment of the Interior Design program at Southwest Texas State University supports giving consideration to the development of new courses or content revision of existing interior design courses offered at Southwest Texas State University.

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the job performance expectations of recent journalism graduates as perceived by selected managing editors and journalism educators in Standard Federal Region Six (the states of Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas). The survey instrument consisted primarily of statements dealing with the topics of five research questions on the value of journalism education to success on newspapers, the value of newspaper experience to teaching journalism, the language skills of recent graduates, the value of academic research to the improvement of newspapers, and the "gap" between journalism education and journalism practice.

This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

Revised; Originally published: 2006 / 5 pp. / Recent events in the forests of the Southwest, and across western North America, have prompted scientists to consider the role of climate variability in insect and disease cycles. Studies focusing on Arizona and other southwestern states point to multiple, interacting climate-related mechanisms that increase the propensity for forest mortality. Effects of insects on forests are complex, and species and site dependent. Many influences, such as drought, decreased precipitation, increased temperature, increased vapor pressure deficit, and increased stand density, combined in nonlinear and overlapping ways to create the recent and devastating pine bark beetle outbreaks in Arizona forests. Climate clearly plays a role in many, but not all, Southwest insect cycles. It is important that educators demonstrate the complexity of all of the interplaying issues, in order to communicate no false impressions of an “easy” or “one-size- fits-all” solution” for land managers.

No description available.

Historical changes in hydroclimatic characteristics in four Lower Colorado River sub-basins are examined using the Mann-Kendall test for trends and Kendall's tau-b test for statistical association to better understand the processes taking place in these arid watersheds. During the historical record of 1906-2007, in general, temperatures have increased and streamflows have decreased while there has been no change in precipitation. Streamflow was found to have statistical association with annual maximum temperatures, El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Using this knowledge, two-year and five-year streamflow predictions are made using climate data to force a statistical model. We find no predictive skill at the two-year range but significant (alpha =.05) predictive skill in two of the basins at the five-year range. The dominant climate predictor for the Paria River Basin is ENSO and for the Little Colorado River Basin it is temperature.