Взаимодействие государства с населением является процессом закономерным и естественным. Без взаимодействия не будет ни общества, ни государства в их привычном понимании. Одной из форм взаимодействия государства и общества является информационное взаимодействие. Цель – исследование форм информационного взаимодействия органов государственной власти с населением на региональном уровне и разработка рекомендаций по их совершенствованию в Курганской области. Решение поставленных в работе задач осуществлялось на основе применения таких методов исследования, как анализ теоретических и нормативно-правовых документов, анализ статистических данных. Проведено социологическое исследование методом вторичного анализа данных и опроса. При проектировании применены календарное, сетевое, ресурсное планирование. В ходе исследования были рассмотрены теоретические и нормативно-правовые вопросы информационного взаимодействия органов власти с населением; проведен анализ состояния этого взаимодействия в Курганской области, выявлены основные проблемы. Результатом работы стала разработка рекомендаций по совершенствованию форм информационного взаимодействия органов государственной власти с населением на территории Курганской области. / The interaction of the state with the population is a natural process. Without interaction, there will be neither society nor the state in their usual sense. One of the forms of interaction between the state and society is information interaction. The goal is to study the forms of information interaction of the government bodies with the population at the regional level and the making of recommendations for their improvement in the Kurgan region. The solution of the tasks set in the work was carried out on the basis of the application of such research methods as the analysis of theoretical and regulatory documents, the analysis of statistical data. A sociological study was carried out using the method of secondary data analysis and survey. When designing, we used calendar, network, resource planning. In the course of the study, theoretical and regulatory issues of information interaction between authorities and the population were considered; the analysis of the state of this interaction in the Kurgan region is carried out, the main problems are identified. The result of the work was the recommendations made for improving the forms of information interaction between government bodies and the population on the territory of the Kurgan region.

La thèse prend le parti méthodologique de ramener l'action de l'État en faveur de la protection du patrimoine culturel à une simple succession de « prestations ». Prenant au mot le point de vue néolibéral, elle entend se mettre ainsi en capacité d'embrasser d'un même geste l'ensemble des interventions de l'État en ce domaine, quelque soit les formes que celles-ci revêtent (édiction d'une réglementation et fourniture de services matériels). Ce faisant, l'enjeu de la thèse est de parvenir à déterminer « pourquoi » l'État agit en matière de patrimoine culturel, et plus précisément « pourquoi » il agit d'une certaine façon plutôt que d'une autre. Ce type d'interrogation fonctionnelle, auquel les juristes sont peu enclins, présente un avantage : il permet de replacer au cœur de l'analyse les manières particulières dont les catégories propres du droit contribuent à produire – bien plus qu'à décrire – les choix de protection du patrimoine culturel. Ainsi, l'observation diachronique, depuis la Révolution, des prestations publiques en faveur de la protection du patrimoine culturel fait apparaître qu'à plusieurs reprises, ces prestations ont pu, le plus sérieusement du monde, trouver leur source à l'extérieur de l'État, précisément dans un droit de la collectivité. Aussi, en matière patrimoniale se dessine, au-delà d'un processus d'étatisation progressive qui n'a, en soi, rien de bien original, un renversement complexe du rapport de l'État à la collectivité, en ce sens qu'au cours des XIXème et XXème siècles celui-ci se libère de celle-là, à grand renfort de reconceptualisations doctrinales. En définitive, ce n'est que quelque part dans l'entre-deux-guerre, après l'échec des théories du droit social, que l'on enferme définitivement l'explication juridique des prestations publiques en faveur de la protection du patrimoine culturel dans l'antagonisme entre puissance publique et droits fondamentaux. / The thesis has made the methodological choice of reducing the action of the State for the protection of cultural heritage to a simple series of "services". Taking the neoliberal perspective literally, it intends to study all State interventions in this area, regardless of the shapes they assume (enactment of regulation and provision of services). In doing so, the scientific challenge of the thesis is to get to determine why the State acts in cultural heritage, and more specifically why it acts in a certain way rather than another. This functional interrogation, rarely asked by lawyers in France, is of interest as it questions the particular ways in which specific categories of law help to produce - much more than to describe - the choice of a particular cultural heritage protection. Thus, the diachronic observation of services, since the French Revolution, shows that on multiple occasions, these services have found, in all seriousness, their source outside the State, specifically in a community right. Also, beyond a progressive etatization process (which is not in itself very original), a complex reversal of the relation of the State to the society emerges : during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the State frees itself from the society, helped by a massive work of doctrinal reconceptualizations. It is only between World War I and World War II, after the failure of theories of social law, that the legal explanation of State services for the protection of cultural heritage is finally locked in the antagonism between the authority of the State and fundamental rights.

The topic of public services is a complex societal issue, which touches upon such questions which are on the border of legal and economic research and comprises various ideas of societal arrangements. The provision of public services in European societies is seen as a constitutive element of the European social model(s). This issue is experiencing a remarkable revival in academic work as well as in political discourse. The aim of this Master's Thesis is to provide an insight into the process of the Europeanization of public services. The Thesis is embarking on questions comprising the national variations of public services, the transformation of the welfare state and the European social model (or models). The common theme which is connecting the different strands of the Thesis is the idea of the crucial influence of European integration on all of these aspects, the process of which has a far-reaching influence on the role and shape of public services and thus on the future societal development in the individual Member states as well as European society as a whole.