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The history of Gatsrand from the settling of the trekker community circa 1839 until the proclamation of Carletonville in 1948 / Elize S. van EedenVan Eeden, Elize S January 1988 (has links)
Gatsrand (as a series of ridges) is not only a well-known geographical feature in the Western Transvaal, but it also features prominently as a definite area in the settlement history of the whites in the Transvaal. In fact, the first farms in this area were registered simultaneously with farms in the neighbouring Mooi River area.
Owing to the inhabitants’ agrarian predisposition up to the early years of the twentieth century, agriculture and stock farming formed the basis of the area’s economic infrastructure. Initially, the Potchefstroom market was the nearest outlet for products. Later on, products were also sold in Johannesburg, as well as at Randfontein and Krugersdorp. In the process of the development of this enterprise, stock diseases, droughts, poverty and wars continually set the inhabitants back. Prior to the establishment of gold mines (since 1937) in the northern areas of Gatsrand, which enhanced economic development, the area’s development was mainly dependent on the subsistence needs of the surrounding towns.
In this respect, the building of roads to places like Krugersdorp, Randfontein, Pretoria and Johannesburg was beneficial to the Gatsrand area, since all these routes passed through said area. Administrative duties were initially performed by a field cornet and later by a justice of the peace, who was subordinate to the magistrate of Potchefstroom. In a similar way, educational matters were dealt with by the Potchefstroom School Board. Until 1948, with the exception of Klipdrift School, there were only primary schools on several farms in the area – schools that had from one to four teachers. With outbreaks of illness, even the medical services in Potchefstroom rendered help in the Gatsrand area. Inhabitants had to travel to Potchefstroom, some of them covering great distances, if they were in need of medical care and facilities. Initially, the nearest centre for worship was also Potchefstroom. The first congregation in the Gatsrand area was founded in 1926 at Fochville, with boundaries that included the major part of this area.
Since 1937, gold mine development provided definite advances in local development. Up to 1948, six towns had been proclaimed, congregations were established, and houses and roads were built to accommodate the growing number of inhabitants. This resulted in the establishment of numerous enterprises. The number of pupils increased and smaller schools had to amalgamate with larger ones.
By 1948, it was apparent that the development in the Gatsrand area would be phenomenal due to the rich discoveries of the then established gold mines. / MA (History), PU vir CHO, 1988 / This MA-Dissertation on the history of the Gatsrand up to 1948 originally was written in Afrikaans in 1988. This English translation was decided on to assist researchers, working with regional issues in/on South Africa who's mother tongue is English. The footnotes as well as the source list has not been translated due to the cost in doing so. However, it is trusted that researchers should find their way because more than 50% of the references are in English or could not be titled otherwise as they are archival documents or published literature. Due to new technology, the page numbers of the English version also differ from the original Afrikaans version. The approach to the research must be assessed within the time frame in which it was written and the methodology to regional history utilised, was mainly on that as expressed by VHT Skipp. The author since has extended and refined this model.
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Christus as Hoof van die kerk en die presbiteriale kerkregering / J.J. van der WaltVan der Walt, Jan Jacobus January 1976 (has links)
Every system of church government, which declares to be
Christian, takes its starting point in the New Testament
revelation that Christ is the Head of his body, the
church, (Col. 1:18); however each of these systems arrives
at vastly different conclusions.
The Presbyterian system of church government is founded
on.the principle that Jesus Christ, the Son of God who
became man, is the organic Head of the church, the elected
mankind. "Bead" and "body" are bound together as one vital
unity, undivided and unmixed. Therefore the church, as
body of Christ, has no human head.
Christ Himself governs the church, while He at the same
time rules over heaven and earth. He, the Mediator, Who
in the unity of his Person is indivisible, is Himself personally
present in his church. He is also represented by
the Holy Spirit, who works directly in the heart and mind
of ail believers and speaks to them by means of the holy ~
Word of God. Christ reigns his church through his Holy
Spirit by his Holy Word.
The believers, as members ,in the body, the church, have
come of age as a royal priesthood by anointment with the
Holy. Spirit. Therefore the congregation is subject to the
instructions of Christ to· the church.
While the body still grows up unto Christ, its Head, He
has given the off ices to the church for the perfecting of
the saints in their ministry.
The government of the Head is served in the church by the
elders as a council of the church. Their instruction from
the Head is to be shepherds to the saints and not to be
lords over God's heritage. Of this ministration of the
church government the congregation is the object.
The Presbyterian church government, as organized in the
Church Order of Dort (1618-19), maintains the church as·
an organic unity that lives for, through and to Christ.
The church is the subordinate of its Personal Head, the
living and present Jesus Christ. Therefore the Church
Order of Dort maintains the ministerial character of the
offices in the church, the coming of age· of the believers
and the Word of God as the border of all ministerial
authority and power.
The Presbyterian church government is then, according to
the principles of the Church Order of Dort, the ministration
of the one supremacy of the one Head, Jesus Christ,
in his church as one body. / Oorspronklike uitgegawe as proefskrif voorgelê --PU vir CHO
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Christus as Hoof van die kerk en die presbiteriale kerkregering / J.J. van der WaltVan der Walt, Jan Jacobus January 1976 (has links)
Every system of church government, which declares to be
Christian, takes its starting point in the New Testament
revelation that Christ is the Head of his body, the
church, (Col. 1:18); however each of these systems arrives
at vastly different conclusions.
The Presbyterian system of church government is founded
on.the principle that Jesus Christ, the Son of God who
became man, is the organic Head of the church, the elected
mankind. "Bead" and "body" are bound together as one vital
unity, undivided and unmixed. Therefore the church, as
body of Christ, has no human head.
Christ Himself governs the church, while He at the same
time rules over heaven and earth. He, the Mediator, Who
in the unity of his Person is indivisible, is Himself personally
present in his church. He is also represented by
the Holy Spirit, who works directly in the heart and mind
of ail believers and speaks to them by means of the holy ~
Word of God. Christ reigns his church through his Holy
Spirit by his Holy Word.
The believers, as members ,in the body, the church, have
come of age as a royal priesthood by anointment with the
Holy. Spirit. Therefore the congregation is subject to the
instructions of Christ to· the church.
While the body still grows up unto Christ, its Head, He
has given the off ices to the church for the perfecting of
the saints in their ministry.
The government of the Head is served in the church by the
elders as a council of the church. Their instruction from
the Head is to be shepherds to the saints and not to be
lords over God's heritage. Of this ministration of the
church government the congregation is the object.
The Presbyterian church government, as organized in the
Church Order of Dort (1618-19), maintains the church as·
an organic unity that lives for, through and to Christ.
The church is the subordinate of its Personal Head, the
living and present Jesus Christ. Therefore the Church
Order of Dort maintains the ministerial character of the
offices in the church, the coming of age· of the believers
and the Word of God as the border of all ministerial
authority and power.
The Presbyterian church government is then, according to
the principles of the Church Order of Dort, the ministration
of the one supremacy of the one Head, Jesus Christ,
in his church as one body. / Oorspronklike uitgegawe as proefskrif voorgelê --PU vir CHO
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Devolusie van finansiële verantwoordelikheid vir die onderwys in die RSA : 'n verkennende studie / Tersia Johanna KingKing, Tersia Johanna January 1989 (has links)
The demands of a fast growing third world population on the
education system of the Republic of South Africa places great
stress on an economy already battling against sanctions and
disinvestment. The challenge is to keep up standards of
education in order to supply sufficient numbers of qualified
manpower to keep the economy going whilst at the same time
attempting to create equal educational facilities for an
exploding black school population.
At the other end of the scale is the problem of dwindling
numbers of well qualified white teachers, especially in
certain subjects like mathematics, science and commerce as
they are recruited into the private sector offering them
large increases in salaries.
The intention of the study was to try to find a new model for
financing and the related decision making of education.
The modus operandi was: -
i) A theoretical basis to the study was provided by
looking at the development of the growing role of the
state within the education system and the implications
it has for the other participants in the system.
ii) A look is taken at the "new right" philosophy as
practised by Mrs Thatcher in England where the position
of the individual vis-a-vis the state is being
re-evaluated.
iii) An analysis of the situation surrounding education and
the economy as it presents itself in South Africa at
the present moment is made. At the same time the
position of each of the participants, namely the state,
the parents, the educators and employers are evaluated.
iv) The English system with its new Education Reform Act
and the new concept of school-based management practised
in Dade County, Florida in the USA is discussed
for purposes of comparison.
v) In conclusion a few suggestions are made regarding a
future model for financing and managing of educational
institutions in the RSA. / Skripsie (MBA)--PU vir CHO, 1989
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'n Histories-pedagogiese evaluering van die onderwys van die Transvaalse plaasskool, 1938-1967 / Stephanus Salomon BarnardBarnard, Stephanus Salomon January 1971 (has links)
Proefskrif--PU vir CHO
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An evaluation of the hermeneutic used by the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa as the basis for its support of apartheidReddy, Ronny. January 2000 (has links)
Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [47]-50).
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Die gemeenregtelike regspersoon in die Suid-Afrikaanse privaatreg / deur Gerrit Johannes PienaarPienaar, Gerrit January 1982 (has links)
It is a fundamental characteristic of his existence that man will establish
associations. This phenomenon is acknowledged in all spheres of life, in
eluding the juridical. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the
distinctive way in which jurisprudence characterizes human association
conferring legal subjectivity (legal personality) upon it. Prominence has
been given to aspects of legal subjectivity (legal personality) of associations in private law with ideal or non-profit intent. The legal status of
the associative legal person in private law is not governed by statute at
the moment and is therefore determined by the rules of Common law.
Although there is no explicit acknowledgement of the legal person as a separate
legal entity in Roman law, the Roman jurists did record certain features of
co-operative institutions like corpora, collegia. universitates and eodalitates. Early Roman-Dutch jurists did not consider the legal person to be a
separate legal entity either, but they applied the inherited features of
the Roman co-operative institutions to other associative groups like guilds
and churches. The legal person has been acknowledged as a separate legal
entity (legal subject) since the eighteenth century, although the term legal
person only originated towards the end of that century.
The historical part of the investigation reveals the significant fact that
the legal person was already recognized as a separate legal entity in
Medieval canon law. The Medieval Roman-Catholic and the Reformational
concept of the church exerted an important influence on the view held by
later jurists concerning the legal person.
The historical part of the investigation further demonstrates that the
following features of the common law legal person (association or foundation) in South Africa derive from Roman law, canon law and Roman-Dutch
law:
It is composed of people (members or administrators);
It has perpetual succession, i.e. it exists notwithstanding changes in
membership;
It is vested with rights and obligations independent of its constitutive
members or administrators;
It participates in the processes of law through organs;
Through its organs it can exercise an independent volition, and therefore
it has the capacity to act, the capacity to appear in court in its own
name, and to be accountable for its actions;
For its continued existence it has to comply with the requirements for
the conferment of legal personality as laid down by positive law;
It has to have a lawful objective that is not contra bonos mores.
It is noticeable that no authority exists at common law for the current
supposition that the associative legal person is contractually founded,
and also that, at common law, the legal position of the associative legal
person was as a rule distinguished from that of societates (societies or
partnerships), which are contractually founded.
Against this historical background the underlying principles concerning
the legal person were investigated. Since the beginning of the nineteenth
century the Pandectists, in particular, have attempted a theoretical
analysis of the legal person. This gives rise to a number of theories
concerning the legal person. Most of the legal theorists, however, tend
to over-emphasize one aspect or the other. Von Savigny, for example.
stresses the fact that only the individual person (as a moral entity) can
act as an actual legal subject and that the legal person as such is merely
a legal fiction. Von Gierke, on the other hand, argues that the legal person is composed of organs and that it participates in the processes of law
as a super organism with human capacities. Brinz declares that a separate
estate can act as a subject in the processes of law. Molengraaff brings
the actions of the legal person in connection with the members thereof in
their personal capacity; and advocators of juridical realism consider
the legal person to be a nominal reality that really exists, but only as
an immaterial construction of the mind. From the organ theory of Von
Gierke and the functional societal theory of Dooyeweerd, two conclusions,
which I would like to endorse, can be drawn:
Both these jurists agree that the legal person is founded not on con~
tract, but on internal corporate law (interne verbandsreg). Therefore
the statute or constitution is not a contract between the members, but
the internal corporate law on which all legal relations between members
mutually, and towards outsiders. is based.
The legal person is capable of volition and action through organs, and
when the organs will and act, juridically speaking it is the legal person that wills and acts. This renders the legal person capable of
acting, of appearing in court in its own name, and of being accountable
for its actions.
In my opinion the nature of the legal person can only be determined by an
analysis of legal Subjectivity. Using the transcendental-empirical method
as methodological basis, it is imperative in the investigation of legal
subjectivity to take both the theoretical analysis of the concept and its
practical application into account.
The South African legal practice requires the following for the existence
of a legal person:
there must be an entity vested with rights and obligations independent
of its constitutive members or administrators;
this entity must continue its existence notwithstanding changes of
membership;
the entity must pursue lawful objectives that are not contra bonos mores,
To this can be added (although it is not explicitly required) that there
should be an internal structure of authority, arising from the internal
corporate law according to which the organs function. The lack of
authority for the supposition made by the South African legal practice
(according to some verdicts) that the common law legal person is contractually founded, has already been pointed out.
Legal subjectivity is the capacity of an entity to act in a subject in the
processes of law. In my opinion only man can act as a legal subject.
Seen from a Christian point of view, God created man in His image, and
placed him on earth as the pinnacle of creation, to subject, cultivate and
protect that creation. Man owes his ability to take part in the processes
of law to this God-given status, and he derives his legal capacities from
this status. All people are bearers of these capacities, though not always to the same extent. If we deny the legal subjectivity of man, we
lose sight of a given fact of creation. Owing to the demand made by
God in his creation, only man can be a legal subject. To confer legal
subjectivity upon something else than man would be a negation of God's
commands and would detract from man's God-given status. Due to the
occurrence of associating, however, man does not act as a legal subject
only in his individual capacity, but also in association with an organised
group. The important difference, however, is that legal subjectivity accrues to the natural person as a matter of course, while the acquisition
of legal subjectivity (legal personality) by associations is established
according to the legal principles whereby the state regulates society.
When legal subjectivity (legal personality) is conferred, an entity comes
into being (in actual fact consisting of people) that is more than the sum
of its constitutive members or administrators. It is an entity that will
continue its existence notwithstanding any changes of membership and it
is vested with rights and obligations independent of those of its constitutive members or administrators.
Legal subjectivity, therefore, can be defined as that characteristic of
man by which he participates in the processes of law either individually
(as a natural person) or in association with others (as a legal person),
in a distinctive way as a real, concrete organic legal subject), by being
vested with capacities (from which arises Subjective rights and legal
obligations); this capacity of the legal person exists quite independently of that of each of the individuals that associated to form the legal
person. This is an implicit God-given characteristic of every natural
person, while the positive law vested the legal person with the same
Characteristic in accordance with the legal principles whereby the state
regulates society.
The legal person of the common law, vested with legal subjectivity (legal
personality), displays the following features:
It is a real. distinct associative person that participates in the
processes of law as a legal subject. It is constituted of members
and/or administrators (organs) and although it is similar in some
instances to the natural person with regard to the way in which both
participate in the processes of law, not all human capabilities can
be found in the legal person, and even similar capabilities differ
in some respects. In other words, this is no super organism, but a
distinct associative person;
It is a concrete legal entity, because it is constituted of members
and/or administrators. It is not a legal fiction or a mental construction, but a real, existing entity. Even in the case of the
foundation the associative person is situated in the success ion of (an)
administrator(s) that control(s) or administer(s) an estate with a
view to reaching (al predetermined objective(s) within the processes
of law;
It is a separate entity that, although constituted of members and/or
administrators. exists notwithstanding the succession of members and/or
administrators, and it is vested with separate rights and obligations;
It participates in the processes of law by means of organs. The
volition or acts of the organs are the volition or acts of the legal
person, juridically speaking. if it is performed in accordance with
the internal corporate law (as described in the statute or constitution).
This gives the legal person as legal subject the capacity to act, to
appear in court in its own name. and to be accountable for its actions.
The non-statutory associative legal person at common law is not, in my
opinion, contractually founded. but is based on internal corporate law.
This legal phenomenon has to be distinguished from the association with~
out legal personality (which is contractually founded). Features of the
associative legal person are the following:
By virtue of the internal corporate law reciprocal claims are established between members and the legal person as a result of which
performances can be demanded between the members and the legal person
respectively;
The associative legal person is the owner of a separate associative
estate that is engaged and administered by the organs. By virtue of
their claims against the legal person the members have the capacity to
control and to have a say in the management of the estate;
The associative legal person is capable of a separate volition and it
therefore has the capacity to act, to appear in court in its own name
and to be accountable for its actions;
In my opinion the associative legal person can lay claim to personality
rights as a persona. and demand satisfaction in some cases of prejudice
to those rights;
The associative legal person as an entity can not only be held liable
for lawful acts of the organs, but also for the unlawful acts of the
organs, in cases where the legal person directed its volition to effect
a certain unlawful action, or acted with unacceptable negligence. As
it is possible for the legal person to form its own volition, it can
also disclose a guilty inclination. It is furthermore possible for
the legal person to be held liable by means of vicarious liability.
am .of the opinion that the underlying principles of the legal person
at common law present the most suitable basis on which the legal position
of cooperative institutions in private law, like churches, political
parties. charitable institutions, unions and social associations of the
corporative type can be constructed. In doing this the internal legal
relations among the members and external legal actions towards outsiders
is accounted for in the most satisfactory manner. The legal position of
churches is quite distinctive. but in essence it still complies with the
requirements for the acquisition of legal personality at common law. In
my opinion churches should for this reason be acknowledged as legal persons
at common law. The legal position of associations without legal personality (clubs) should be distinguished from the position of legal persons at
common law. Associations without legal personality, like the English
clubs. are contractually founded; their members are co-owners of the
separate club estate and no distinct entity (perosona) is formed.
Although the prerequisites for acknowledging legal personality at common
law have, in my opinion. been defined satisfactorily in the South African
case law, it is not always easy to determine whether these prerequisites
are present, especially in the case of informal associations. In order to
achieve certainty about the law, I would like to propose that a simple
system of registration be introduced for associations and foundations.
Those associations and foundations that would like to confirm their legal
personality to the outside world, can do so by means of registration.
This ought to remove the uncertainties of outsiders (and sometimes members
themselves) as to the question whether an informal social association or
club is a legal person at common law, and if it is, who the authorized
organs are.
Such a system of registration, that would naturally have to be instituted
by statute, should comprise the following:
Legal personality is still conferred according to the requirements laid
down by common law;
An association that complies with the requirements of common law, is
indeed a legal person before registration, but members and administrators can be held responsible personally for actions taken by the organs
on behalf of the legal person;
Registration serves the purpose of proclaiming the legal personality to
the outside world and of indemnifying members and administrators from
being held responsible personally for actions taken by the organs.
This will make it possible to distinguish the following co-operative
institutions:
Registered associative legal persons, the members and administrators
of which cannot be held responsible personally for actions taken by the
organs;
Unregistered associative legal persons, the members and administrators
of which can be held responsible personally for actions taken by the
organs;
Clubs or societies that do not qualify for legal personality, because
of their contractual nature.
Most of the local churches, and without doubt the local Reformed churches,
comply with the requirements for legal personality at common law. Because
of the adoption and application by the South African courts of the English
concept of a church, a conflicting situation has arisen by which local
Churches, although they have indeed been defined as common law legal persons
at times are considered by the courts to be based on contractual legal
relations. No common law authority exists for this point of view,
because legal persons are not contractually based according to Roman-Dutch
law, and the English unincorporated associations that are indeed contractually based, are not acknowledged as legal persons in English law. To
establish the legal position of churches on a purely common law base. one
should, in my opinion, characterize the local churches as common law legal
persons (based on internal corporate law). Such a point of view would
also be in accordance with the fundamental views of Reformed theologians
about local churches.
As a result of the Reformed dogmatics the connection between local Reformed
churches cannot be Seen as a base for an institutionalized body or legal
person, but rather as an experience of the unity existing between local
churches (with the same articles of faith and church government) because
of the fact that all Christians are members of the universal church (the
body of Christ). This means that the Reformed Church in South Africa (as
a group of churches) is not a legal person and therefore it cannot own land
or participate as an entity in the processes of law in any way. It is
therefore suggested that the Administrative Bureau of the Reformed Church(es)
and the governing body of the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Church(es)
act as common law legal persons to perform all the combined legal actions
of the individual local churches. The result is that the national synod or
religious denomination (kerkverband) itself need not be vested with legal
personality. The national synod is a temporary, more comprehensive (meerdere) meeting of the local Reformed churches that is dissolved at the end
of each session. Through the meeting of local churches in the national
synod and other comprehensive meetings. the religious denomination as such
is visibly experienced. In such a way the Reformed concept of church is
taken into account. without losing sight of the necessity that local
Reformed churches sometimes have to enter into combined legal actions. / Thesis (LLD)--PU for CHE, 1983
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'n Model vir onderwyserprofessionaliteit in 'n veranderende Suid-Afrika / Lourens Leon Rynardt KrielKriel, Lourens Leon Rynardt January 1995 (has links)
Since 1993 South Africa underwent epoch-making constitutional changes. On the political
terrain South Africa moved away from an "apartheid's" dispensation to a political
dispensation that offers equality on all terrains to all its citizens.
The political changes brought a new Constitution into existence, which includes a Bill
of Fundamental Human rights. The other sectors of the society - including education
- are inextricably connected to the political changes in the country. Education occupies
a particularly important position in the community in as far as education is regarded
as the central activity of the community.
A changing model for teacher professionalism in a changing South Africa is exceedingly
necessary, because the quality, productivity and effectiveness of education in South
Africa is under suspicion. Education and training in South Africa do not satisfy the
expectations of the community regarding education and training. The teachers (i.e.
educators) are being regarded as one of the crucial factors responsible for the poor
standard and quality of education in South Africa.
In modern society education is a complex chain which involves many role players. The
teacher (i.e. educator) must be aware of the fact that the law places a particular liability
on him, especially regarding his professionalism. From a judicial point of view the
teacher (i.e. educator) is accountable for his professional behaviour and conduct
Various statutory changes have already taken place which might have an influence on
teacher professionalism. The teacher (i.e. educator) should already have taken cognisance
of this. Statutory changes that have already taken place and which might have a bearing
on teacher professionalism, are amongst others the new Constitution that includes a
Bill of Fundamental Human rights, the Education Labour Relations Act and the Educator's
Employment Act.
The right to basic education, as included in the Constitution, plac~s an obligation on
the teaching profession to see to it that only qualified and competent persons practice
as professional teachers (i. c. educators). The Education Labour Relations Act makes
provision for a South African Council for Educators, under which all teachers (i. c. educators)
must be registered before such a person may practice as a professional teacher
(i.e. educator). The South African Council for Educators is also empowered with certain
powers and competencies to establish minimum entrance requirements for the teaching
profession, as well as to establish an ethical code of conduct to which all educators
must adhere. The Educator's Employment Act has already demarcated misconduct and
incompetence of teachers (i.e. educators) and makes provision for the procedures to
be followed in case of trespassing by a teacher (i.e. educator).
The common law determinants such as the rules of natural justice and due process
make provision for transparent administrative justice. The statutory and common law
determinants provide a framework in which a model for teacher professionalism can
be developed.
The international community also makes use of set requirements which a person must
satisfy before such a person may practice as a professional teacher (i. c. educator). The
international community has already refined misconduct stipulations, such as insubordination,
immoral behaviour and criminal offences through court verdicts. In the
international community's findings the South African Council for Educators might find
an additional frame of reference in the development of a model for teacher professionalism
in a changing South Africa.
All economies, but especially the economy of a changing South Africa, depend heavily
on a well-educated citizen force. Well-trained and competent teachers (i. c. educators)
are essential in bringing about a well-educated citizen force, which can make a contribution
to a country's economy. A model for teacher professionalism in a changi"6 South
Africa is a prerequisite for the achievement of this goal. / Proefskrif (PhD (Onderwysbestuur))--PU vir CHO, 1996
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Die historiese ontwikkeling van skoolgeneeskundige dienste in Transvaalse primêre skole vir Blankes / Gysbertus Johannes Andries BezuidenhoutBezuidenhout, Gysbertus Johannes Andries January 1980 (has links)
During 1913 arrangements have been made for the
hygienic inspection of school children in primary
schools, in Transvaal, Dr C. L. Leipoldt was
appointed.
Medical inspection started in April, 1914, and discontinued, owing to the outbreak of the war in
August, and was resumed in October 1915.
In 1918 the scheme of inspection was organized on
a sound basis, but was interrupted by the influenza
epidemic.
In 1919, Dr Leipoldt, was seconded to the Cape,
and the service was carried out by Drs Cleaver and
Elias.
For private reasons, Dr Leipoldt resigned at the
end of 1922.
Dr J. A. Kieser, joined the service in 1922 and
retired at the end of 1948.
After various temporary appointments, Dr F. Z.
van der Merwe was appointed on the 23rd of July
1951, and retired on the 10th of December 1954.
Dr c. E. Theron has been appointed as his successor
as from January 1955.
During 1958 a Commission of Enquiry was appointed
to inquire into the efficiency of the school medical
service.
In 1959, extensions of the service and the provision
for more satisfactory accommodation were held in
abeyance, awaiting the proposed transfer of the
School Medical Services to the Department of Hospital Services. The expected transfer did not eventuate in 1960 and the work continued as before.
On 1st April 1961, the School Medical Service as a
whole was taken over by the Department of Hospital
Services. The buildings, equipment, etc. were also
tranferred.
In future Dental Service would no longer function
as part of the School Medical Service, but would
continue to exist as a separate section under its
own head.
The nurses are, engaged exclusively in service to
schools. All treatments and arrangements are now
controlled by the hospitals.
The old Roman opinion that a sound mind dwells in
a healthy body (Mens sana in corpore sano) also
comes to its own right in the Transvaal Educational
System. / Thesis (MEd)--PU vir CHO
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Die gebruikswaarde van J.L. Holland se SDS-vraelys in beroepsvoorligting vir Swart leerlinge / Renette du ToitDu Toit, Renette January 1988 (has links)
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES
1. INTRODUCTION:
In view of the great demand for career guidance, it was necessary to
give attention to the development and adaptation of psychometric
instruments. This led to important development in this area. The
Self-Directed Search (SDS) interest questionnaire of J.L. Holland was
included in a career guidance programme for black matriculation pupils
resulting in the need to investigate the utility of the SDS for black
pupils. The study was conducted with this objective in mind.
2. OBJECTIVES:
The objectives of this study were as follows:
2.1 PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
2.1.1 Determining the psychometric suitability of the SDS for blacks with
respect to some psychometric and statistical qualities, namely item
analysis, means, reliability, intercorrelations of the fields and the
factorial structure of the construct.
2.2 SECONDARY OBJECTIVE:
2.2.1 Determining the utility of the SDS in a career guidance set-up for this
group, by giving attention to the principles of consistency and congruency;
2.2.2 determining the utility of the SDS as part of a career guidance programme
for blacks by using stepwise regression and
2.2.3 determining the distribution of the interests for this group as indicated
by the SDS.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE STUDY
In this chapter it was necessary to look at the following aspects:
• theories of vocational choice and
• aptitude, attitude and interest.
In the section on theories of vocational choice or career development,
reference was made to the theories of Ginzberg and associates. Super,
Roe, Hoppock, Holland, decision-making models as well as the behavioristic,
sociological and psychoanalitical approaches. Then aptituae,
attitude and interest were discussed with special emphasis on the
conceptual description, structure and measurement of the concepts.
CHAPTER 3: METHOD OF INVESTIGATION
In this chapter the following aspects were discussed:
• the sample;
• the psychometric tests used in the research and
• the statistical methods used.
A random sample was selected.
pupils of Lebowa and Gazankulu.
The sample consisted of standard 10
The psychometric tests included in the vocational guidance programme
were:
• an aptitude test battery (AAT);
• an interest questionnaire (SDS) and
• the Survey of Study Habits and Attitudes (SSHA).
Finally the statistical methods were discussed, namely item analysis,
means ana standard deviations, correlations, factor analysis, procedures
to determine consistency and congruency, stepwise regression and
distribution of SDS-codes.
CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
In summary it is clear that the results in general give an indication
that the SDS has utility with blacks. The item analysis of the 228
items indicated that only 15 items needed revision. The means indicated
that there is no notable difference between this and other
samples. The reliability coefficients are satisfactory and are good in
comparison with the results obtained by Holland and others. The
intercorrelations between the six personality types confirmed relationships
as described by Holland. The factor analysis results indicated
that the SDS has a definite structure. Procedures conducted to determine
consistency and congruency as defined by Holland confirmed the use
of the concepts. The Realistic, Enterprising and Investigative fields
were identified as contributing to the prediction of academic achievement.
It was also indicated that most of the pupils resemble the
Social personality type as defined by Holland.
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION
In summary the conclusion can be made that the SDS has utility for use
with black pupils in a vocational guidance situation. / Thesis (MA)--PU vir CHO, 1988
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