abstract: In the present research, two interventions were developed to increase sun protection in young women. The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of intervention content eliciting strong emotional responses to visual images depicting photoaging and skin cancer, specifically fear and disgust, coupled with a message of self-efficacy and benefits of sun protection (the F intervention) with an intervention that did not contain an emotional arousal component (the E intervention). Further, these two intervention conditions were compared to a control condition that contained an emotional arousal component that elicited emotion unrelated to the threat of skin cancer or photoaging (the C control condition). A longitudinal study design was employed, to examine the effects of condition immediately following the intervention, and to examine sun protection behavior 2 weeks after the intervention. A total of 352 undergraduate women at Arizona State University were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions (F n = 148, E n = 73, C n = 131). Several psychosocial constructs, including benefits of sun protection, susceptibility to and severity of photoaging and sun exposure, self-efficacy beliefs of making sun protection a daily habit, and barriers to sun protection were measured before and immediately following the intervention. Sun protection behavior was measured two weeks later. Those in the full intervention reported higher self-efficacy and severity of photoaging at immediate posttest than those in the efficacy only and control conditions. The fit of several path models was tested to explore underlying mechanisms by which the intervention affected sun protection behavior. Experienced emotion, specifically fear and disgust, predicted susceptibility and severity, which in turn predicted anticipated regret of failing to use sun protection. The relationship between this overall threat component (experienced emotion, susceptibility, severity, and anticipated regret) and intentions to engage in sun protection behavior was mediated by benefits. The present research provided evidence of the effectiveness of threat specific emotional arousal coupled with a self-efficacy and benefits message in interventions to increase sun protection. Further, this research provided additional support for the inclusion of both experienced and anticipated emotion in models of health behavior. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Psychology 2011

Magnetic flux emergence is a fundamental process in the Sun, during which magnetic fields emerge from the solar interior to the surface, to build up active regions and give onset to spectacular dynamic phenomena, such as eruptions and jets. In this thesis, we performed 3D, resistive MHD simulations to study the emergence and the associated magnetic activity of a quadrupolar region in the Sun. Our aim behind the setup of this initial condition (i.e. a quadrupolar region) was to study a magnetic field configuration, which has not been studied in detail before, although it has been repeatedly observed in the Sun and it has been shown that it can host intense magnetic activity (e.g. in the form of jets, flares and eruptions). The results of our experiments showed that the internal dynamics of such regions leads to the onset of eruptions in the form of twisted magnetic flux tubes (flux ropes). These eruptions are recurrent but they cannot escape the outermost field of the emerging flux (envelope field). They remain confined within the envelope field, as the downward tension of the outermost field lines overwhelms the upward Lorentz force of the erupting field. When we add an ambient magnetic field in the solar atmosphere, external reconnection between the emerging and the ambient field triggers the emission of (standard) reconnection jets. The external reconnection also releases the tension of the ambient field lines and, thus, the eruptions move in an ejective way towards the outer space. Namely, the confined eruptions become ejective eruptions, which escape from the numerical domain. These ejective eruptions drive a newly observed class of jets, the so called "blowout" jets. Our experiments reproduce some of the main observed characteristics of the "blowout" jets. We showed that "blowout" jets emit hot and cool plasma into the outer solar atmosphere simultaneously, and they undergo untwisting motion due to the relaxation of twist during their ejection. We found that the untwisting motion of the "blowout" jets is associated with the propagation of torsional Alfvén waves. Finally, we performed a parametric study to explore the effect of the ambient field strength on the onset and dynamics of the eruptive events. We found that one of the main effects is that the stronger ambient field suppresses the vertical expansion of the magnetic envelope of the quadrupolar region due to the higher magnetic pressure above it. This result has an effect on the emission of jets, which are emitted due to reconnection between the two fields. When the ambient field is relatively weak, it is pushed away from the strong emerging field and reconnection between them is not so persistent. On the other hand, when the ambient field is relatively strong, we find that more jets are ejected due to more efficient and more frequent reconnection between the two flux systems. As a consequence, we find that more mass and flux is being transferred into the solar corona by the reconnection jets. Also, we find that there are more eruptions when the ambient field is stronger. The study of the total energy flux carried by the jets showed that it is sufficient to provide the energy required to accelerate the high speed solar wind. This indicates that the "blowout" jets may play an important role in driving the solar wind.

No description available.

El objetivo general del presente trabajo es poder interpretar un subconjunto del lenguaje de programación AmbientTalk en un dispositivo móvil liviano que sea capaz de interactuar con otros programas desarrollados en AmbientTalk alojados en otros dispositivos que no sean necesariamente del mismo tipo de equipo. El dispositivo móvil liviano usado para esta memoria es un Sun SPOT. El intérprete oficial de AmbientTalk está desarrollado para Java ME CDC, mientras que los Sun SPOT poseen como plataforma de desarrollo Java ME CLDC. Una de las diferencias importantes entre ambos es que tanto reflexión como serialización no están presentes en CLDC, mientras que si lo están en CDC. Ambas son características muy usadas y muy imprescindibles para el intérprete oficial, por lo que se hace necesario replantear un nuevo intérprete para los Sun SPOT. Debido a las capacidades de cómputo limitadas de un Sun SPOT, se decidió separar la plataforma en dos aplicaciones que corren en máquinas distintas: un compilador que lea código fuente AmbientTalk y que genere un archivo binario, y un intérprete AmbientTalk que lea ese archivo binario e interprete el programa almacenado en él en un Sun SPOT. A cada una de las aplicaciones se le realizó un diseño de arquitectura lógica, separando los componentes en módulos semi desacoplados. Luego se realizó una validación al intérprete, realizando para tal efecto una aplicación ejemplo de programación distribuida consistente en un sistema controlador de luces remotas. Se realizó esta aplicación tanto para Java ME CLDC, como para AmbientTalk, mostrando que mientras la aplicación en Java ME CLDC es más eficiente, la aplicación en AmbientTalk fue más simple de desarrollar. Finalmente se concluye que esta plataforma es un paso para tener una implementación de AmbientTalk en toda la gama de dispositivos con Java y que AmbientTalk permite disminuir el tiempo de programación para aplicaciones distribuidas en un Sun SPOT.

No description available.

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Lengua y Literatura Inglesa / This project is founded upon the premise that complaint and emotional expression are the marks of inadequacy in Ernest Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises (1926). These instances, however, do take place on a recurring basis between the principal characters, and are therefore of uttermost import. Providing that there are rigorous demands of a stoic code in the novel, the examination and analysis of these particular phenomena, which are shaped by the underlying notion of displacement, will be a means to gain insights into the literary texture of Hemingway's work itself. In Peter Conn's opinion, "action and language alike must be disciplined to maintain their grace under the inescapable pressure of reality's violence" in post-war Europe.

The diploma thesis deals with the light permanency changes of some chosen tropical woods. Their trade names are garapa (Apuleia Leiocarpau), angelim (Hymenolobium Petraeum), meranti (Shorea spp), sapeli (Entandrophragma cylindricum), merbau (Intsia bijuga), massaranduba (Manikara), teak (Tectona grandis), iroko (Chlorophora excelsa) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis). The woods are surface modified by means of four different surface modifications both with and without a usage of an alcohol base. All samples were lighted up by artificial sunlight from the xenon lamp for 106 hours by lighting 209,7 KJ/m2. The colour changes were measured during the exposition according to the greyscale and spectrophotometer in the CIEL *a*b* color model. Then the individual woods' color changes depending on the surface modification were assessed by the color difference deltaE*.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:19:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SergioFeitosa.pdf: 2782616 bytes, checksum: ac4500c3afac5bf5d0935b2f2d054231 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-28 / The Winter Solstice demonstrates the importance of the sun as an element bearer of life, in countless European and eastern cultures. The Greeks, on a rather distinct way in regard of other peoples, fashioned their mythic through worshipping two sun gods, that interchanged in the beliefs and cults of this people: Helios and Apollo. The Latin, who absorbed part of the Greek myth in worshipping these divinities, brought progressively another sun god to be worshipped: Mithra. Christianity, that migrates from its local and cultural source to the Latin cities, especially Rome, in the first Century, causes and faces a constant combat with pagan beliefs, especially those rooted in solar deity beliefs, and progressively manage a supremacy, to the point where the non-Christian beliefs are suppressed, a process initiated with the emperor Constantine and finished with Theodosius I. However, the imaginary of the cultures overcome by Christianity couldn t be completely eliminated; pagan gods are established in several elements of the new religion, like in the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ, defended by the Church as held in December the 25th. The period, actually, was known in the millennium before the emergence of Christendom as the date of birth of the god Mithras, and close to the Winter Solstice, where the gods Apollo and Helios were worshipped, transformed in the Latin culture as the cult of the Sun Invictus. / O Solstício de Inverno demonstra, a importância do sol como elemento proporcionador da vida, em inúmeras culturas européias e orientais. Os gregos, de modo um tanto distinto de outros povos, constituíram sua mítica, cultuando dois deuses solares, que se alternaram nas crenças e nos cultos deste povo: Hélios e Apolo. Os latinos, que absorvem parte da mítica grega, cultuando estas divindades, trazem progressivamente, outro deus sol para ser adorado: a divindade persa Mitra. O cristianismo que migra de sua origem local e cultural, para as cidades latinas, principalmente Roma, no primeiro século, provoca e enfrenta um combate constante com as crenças pagãs, principalmente as crenças solares, conseguindo progressivamente, uma supremacia, até o ponto em que as religiões não cristãs, são suprimidas, processo iniciado com o imperador Constantino e finalizado com Teodósio. Entretanto, o imaginário das culturas derrotadas pelo cristianismo, não consegue ser eliminado completamente; os deuses pagãos se instalam, em diversos elementos da nova religião, como na comemoração do nascimento de Jesus Cristo, defendido pela igreja, como acontecido em 25 de dezembro. O período na verdade, era milenarmente anterior ao surgimento do cristianismo, como data do nascimento do deus Mitra, e próximo do Solstício de Inverno, onde eram cultuados os deuses Apolo e Hélios, transformados na cultura latina no culto ao Sol Invicto.

This thesis studies the acceleration of particles to super-thermal energies in explosive solar events as well as the magnetic changes in connectivity that may be responsible for changes in the morphology of quiescent filaments. Firstly a review of some of the observations of solar flare dynamics is given, as well as an introduction to the competing theories attempting to explain both particle acceleration and filament formation. An explanation of the numerical FORTRAN code that is used to calculate the trajectories of particle distribution functions in prescribed electromagnetic fields is given. Examples of known fields are used to test the accuracy of the code and the simple example of the well-known Litvinenko current sheet field is investigated. The results of charged particle orbit calculations in prescribed electric and magnetic fields motivated by magnetic reconnection models are then presented. The electromagnetic fields are chosen to resemble a current sheet with a localised reconnection region. The dependence of the model on the important physical parameters is considered. An introduction to the mathematical formulation of a collapsing magnetic trap is given. The same numerical code is used to calculate single electron orbits in this more complicated time dependent electromagnetic field. Consideration of important previous work is given before describing the best attempts to model the movement of flare loops in a realistic fashion. Finally the process of flux cancellation and filament formation is studied using a range of data including ground-based Hα and SoHO MDI magnetograms. It is found that the cancellation occurs at the ends of Hα sections of the filament and is accompanied by a noticeable increase in the Hα intensity and linkage of the sections. Measurements of the amount of flux cancelled at each site show it is in agreement with an estimate of the axial flux contained in the filament.

No description available.